Objective To study the effect of substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on the blood flow and the function of endolymphatic sac (ES) in guinea pigs to clarify the pathogenesis of some inner ear diseases further.Methods The guinea pig model of superior cervical ganglion (SCG) resection was set up. The ESs of the model animals were stained by SP and CGRP immunocytochemically. The staining images were analysed by the computer. The ESBF was measured with the biologic microphere method.Results Compared with the control group, the staining of SP decreased sharply in the model group, however, the staining of CGRP remained unchanged. In the model animals, the ESBF was decreased either.Conclusion SP and CGRP could take part in the regulation of ESBF to affect the function of ES further.

BACKGROUND: Considerable studies demonstrate that nitric oxide synthase (NOS)/nitric oxide (NO)plays an important role in maintaining normal function of Sertoli cells, and influences spermatic generation and activation as well as fertilizability.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of goat testis extract on NOS activity in Sertoli cells of mice with testis injury caused by heavy mental Pb.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal trial.SETTING: Department of Histology and Embryology, Jilin Medical College.MATERIALS: This trial was carried out in the laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Jilin Medical College (Key laboratory of the general logistics department of P.L.A) during March 2004 to August 2005. Thirty healthy Kunming male mice were involved and randomized into 3 groups,with 10 in each group: control group, testis injury model group (model group) and goat testis extract-treated group (treatment group).METHODS: The mice in the model group and experimental group were daily administrated with 100 g/L lead acetate, 0.2 mL/(mouse·d), 5 times/wk within 2 weeks, then withdrawal for 1 week. Simultaneously, the mice in the treatment group were subcutaneously injected with goat testis extract at 0.5 mL/(mouse ·d). The mice in the control group were given redistilled water of the same dose as that in the treatment group. After being poisoned fully, the mice were fasted for 12 hours and weighted, finally sacrificed by decapitation. Bilateral testis were dissected, immediately weighted, fixed with formalin and sliced. The NOS changes in Sertoli cells of mice in each group were observed with reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phophate-diaphorase(NADPH-d) histochemical method combined with microscope image.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body mass, bilateral testis mass and NOS absorbance (A) in Sertoli cells of mice in each group after contamination expiration.RESULTS: All the 30 mice were involved in the result analysis, without deletion. ①After contamination expiration, the body mass, bilateral testis mass and NOS A value in treatment group were significantly than those in the model group [(22.47±3.49) g vs. (19.13±3.46) g;(0.113±0.021 ) g vs.(0.089±0.017) g; 0.236±0.020 vs. 0.146±0.023, t=2.151-3.314,P ＜ 0.05-0.01]; ② In the model group, NOS positive Sertoli cells swelled and degenerated; The morphology of NOS positive Sertoli cells in the treatment group was close to that in the control group.CONCLUSION: Goat testis extract can boost the NOS activity in Sertoli cells of mice with testis injury caused by heavy mental pliumbum and has some repairing and protective effect on testis injury, which can provide new thinking for treatment of male sterility.

Reproductive medicine,studying reproductive health of the gender,is an important branch of modern medical science.The reproductive medical education about undergraduate degree started late in China.Compared with the reproductive medical research,education has lagged apparently.The article discussed the specialty construction of reproductive medicine from necessity,construction of reproductive medicine curriculum,establishing a scientific and reasonable training plan,implementing innovative education and preparation of series of materials for reproductive medicine specialty.

Reproductive medicine is one of the most promising subjects in this century. Our country starts the education in reproductive medicine late and progress is slow.The institutions who recruit reproductive medical students adopt self-determine subjects, self-compile outline and self-compile teaching materials. As a result, the quality of teaching is affected. There is an urgent need to prepare a national high-level professional series of textbooks for reproductive medicine. The article discusses the construction of unified compiling professional series teaching materials for reproductive medicine from necessity, main ideas, compsition, principles of preparation and basic content.

Cyclosporine A( CsA) , as an immune inhibitor, is commonly used after organ transplantation.It has been found that the long-term use of CsA produced serious testicular toxicity and affected the fertility of organ transplantation patients.In order to investigate male reproductive damage induced by CsA, this article reviews its impact on reproductive organ development, its damage mechanism on the male reproductive system and drug research for alleviating its reproductive toxicity.It helps to make medical workers pay more attention to reproductive toxicity produced by CsA and make their efforts to develop some special drugs to lessen CsA reproductive toxicity.

In order to enhance the efficiency of sheep somatic cell nuclear transfer, we used a chemically assisted enucleation with colchicine to study the effects of the concentration of colchicine, the incubation time of oocytes in colchicine and the maturation time of oocytes on the enucleation rates and the development of reconstructed embryos. The results showed that 1) there were no significant differences in the rates of cytoplast protrusion and enucleation between oocytes that were incubated in colchicine (0.4 microg/mL) for 0.5 h and oocytes that were incubated in colchicine (0.4 microg/mL) for 1 h, and the rate of cytoplast protrusion can be 85.4% while the rate of cytoplast enucleation is 100%. 2) There was no significant difference in oocyte enucleation between oocytes treated with medium containing 0.2 microg/mL colchicine for 0.5 h and oocytes treated with medium containing 0.4 microg/mL colchicine for 0.5 h. 3) A maturation time of 18-23 h did not affect the rates of cytoplast protrusion and enucleation by chemically assisted enucleation, whereas the rate of enucleation of oocytes by blind enucleation was found to decrease with a prolonged incubation time. 4) The development rates of reconstructed embryos could not be influenced by these two enucleation methods, increased from oocytes matured for 21-23 h. These results demonstrate that sheep oocytes can be enucleated fast and effectively by optimized colcholine chemically assisted enucleation, which can enhance the enucleation rate of sheep oocytes and the early development of reconstructed embryos in vitro.
Animals ; Cloning, Organism ; methods ; Colchicine ; pharmacology ; Embryo, Mammalian ; embryology ; Female ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; veterinary ; Oocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Sheep