Objective To measure serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25HVD) in patients with chronic urticaria (CU),and to explore its role in the occurrence of CU.Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 50 patients with CU and 40 healthy controls.The urticaria activity score (UAS) was used to assess the severity of CU and to group the patients with CU.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure the serum levels of 25HVD,interferon-γ (IFN-γ),interleukin-4 (IL-4) and immunoglobulin E (IgE).Statistical analysis was carried out by t test,rank sum test and linear correlation analysis.Results The serum level of 25HVD was significantly lower in the patients with CU than in the healthy controls (15.20 ± 7.72 vs.21.54 ± 8.31 μg/L,t =3.75,P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,there was a significant difference in the distribution of serum 25HVD levels between the patients and healthy controls (H =17.9,P ＜ 0.05).However,no significant difference was observed in the serum level of 25HVD between severe and mild CU groups (15.57 ± 7.38 vs.14.86 ± 6.28 μg/L,t =0.37,P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the patient group showed significantly decreased serum levels of IFN-γ (t =15.34,P ＜ 0.05),but increased serum levels of IL-4 and IgE (t =6.54,4.88,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).Among the patients with CU,the serum level of 25HVD was positively correlated with that of IFN-γ(r =0.738,P ＜ 0.05),but negatively correlated with that of IL-4 (r =-0.689,P ＜ 0.05),and uncorrelated with that of IgE (r =-0.271,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The serum level of 25HVD evidently decreased in patients with CU,and it may participate in the occurrence of CU by mediating the Th 1/Th2 imbalance.

Objective: To refine and evaluate the clinical evidence, and provide proof and reference for Xinxuening's clinical program establishment from the perspective of evidence-based medicine through screening the clinical studies of cardiovascular disease by Xinxuening.s treatment. Method: The included and excluded criteria was established before the setting of search terms, eligible databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, Embase, Cochrane, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang and Vip) were searched and the quality evaluation and evidence classification was conducted for eligible documents. The software RevMan was used to evaluate the clinical evidence of Xinxuening in the treatment of cardiovascular disease (primary hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure and hyperlipidemia) and to explore the specific mechanism.Results: A total of 16 suitable studies were included, of which 15 were RCTs and 1 was observation study. 9 of the 16 studies were the C level evidence and 7 were the D level. The included studies were all low quality. The outcome indicators of clinical treatment for cardiovascular disease were: the efficacy of hypertension therapy, the level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure after therapy, the efficacy of angina pectoris and hyperlipidemia treatment, and the total cholesterol and triglyceride levels after treatment. The results showed that Xinxuening could significantly reduce the level of blood pressure for patients with hypertension, improve the symptoms of angina pectoris in patients with coronary heart disease, and reduce the levels of blood lipids (triglycerides and total cholesterol) . The results have statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05) . However, it the specific mechanism of Xinxuening in the treatment of cardiovascular disease was not found.Conclusion: Xinxuening has higher clinical effect on the treatment of some cardiovascular diseases compared with some western drugs and other proprietary Chinese medicine. However, it still needs further exploration of the specific clinical mechanism and to conduct high-quality clinical research.

Objective: To summarize the clinical effects of Shuxuening Injection on diseases and evaluate the quality of evidence to provide reference for the clinical application of Shuxuening Injection. Methods: Journal articles and conference papers were retrieved from the databases CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, EMbase, Pubmed and Cochrane with thematic word"Shuxuening"in Chinese and English, then all forms of clinical studies were screened and the disease types and frequency were analyzed, the dominant disease types of Shuxuening Injection were identified. Futhermore, RCT was extracted, and the literature quality was graded using the cochrane manual recommendation method, and its effectiveness and safety were evaluated. Results: All clinical research results show that Shuxuening Injection to treat disease with as many as 74 kinds of varieties, mainly circulation system disease and neural system disease, followed by endocrine disease, respiratory disease, scattered remaining research in ten other system diseases. These researches appeared with the highest frequency of the three diseases were cerebral infarction and its aftermath, angina pectoris and coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus and its complication. A total of 337 RCT articles were included, all of which were of poor quality. In general, the efficiency of Shuxuening Injection treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group, with a total efficiency of 84.48％. There were 21.96％ references to adverse reactions, but all of them were minor adverse reactions, such as pruritus, which generally got better by itself or after treatment. Conclusion:Shuxuening Injection has a wide range of clinical application and remarkable effect, especially for the ischemic diseases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with good efficacy, less adverse reactions and safety. However, the quality of evidence is generally poor, which needs further study.

Objective To identify the eye movement characteristics that can distinguish reading interest and comprehensibilityin order to provide reference for prediction of reading interest and comprehensibility based on eye movement.Methods Tobii Glasses 3 was used to collect eye tracking data from 11 participants who read 12 texts on different topics.After reading all the texts,the participants marked each sentence with theirlevels of interest and comprehensibility.Then,Python R and excel software were used to preprocess and analyze the data,and the differences in eye movementamid the four combinations of reading interest(interested or not)and comprehensibility(levels of difficulty)were studiedat overall and individual levels.Results At the overall level,there were statistically significant differences in eye movement between the easy comprehension group and the difficult comprehensiongroup where interest was concerned,but there was little difference between the interested group and the disinterested groupwhen it came to comprehensibility.There were differences in eye movement behavior between individuals,and some of the statistically significant differences in eye movement were consistent across most of the participants.In addition,some of the eye movement characteristicswere oppositeacross different individuals or could not distinguish between the interested and disinterested at the overall level,but could be distinguished within individuals.Conclusion At the overall level,it is relatively easy to determine comprehensibility through eye movement,but it is more difficult to distinguish whether the participant is interested in the sentence or not,especially when the text is easily comprehensible.At the individual level,eye movement behavior varies widely between individuals,and individuals manifest different characteristics in distinguishing reading interest and comprehensibility.

Objective: To conduct a comprehensive and systematic review of the efficacy and safety of Wenxin Keli (WXKL) in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) . Methods: Seven databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web ofScience, CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP and SinoMed) were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inceptions to 1 October, 2018. Two review authors independently assessed the methodological quality andanalyzed data by Cochrane handbook and the Rev Man 5.3 software. Begg.s test was conducted to assess publication biasvia Stata 14 software. Results: Twenty-four RCTs with 2246 patients were included in this review. Compared with blankcontrol, placebo or western medicine alone, WXKL alone or combined with western medicine could effectively reducerapid ventricular rate (MD=-7.14, 95％CI:-8.42——5.87), the frequency and duration of AF. It could also shorten thesinus rhythm conversion time (MD=-3.04, 95％CI:-3.47——2.61), increase the sinus rhythm conversion rate (RR=1.19, 95％ CI: 1.09～1.29) and decrease recurrence rate of AF (RR=0.28, 95％ CI: 0.13-0.59) . Besides, WXKL alone orcombined with western medicine was beneficial for improving the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (MD=3.44, 95％ CI: 0.87-6.01), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (MD=-2.47, 95％ CI:-2.86——2.08), left atrialdiameter (LAd) (MD=-0.91, 95％CI:-1.58——0.25) and P wave dispersion (Pd) (MD=-4.04, 95％CI:-4.15——3.93) .WXKL combined with low-dose amiodarone was superior to conventional-dose amiodarone alone in improving themaximum P wave (Pmax) (MD=-8.25, 95％ CI:-10.33——6.17), and WXKL combined with conventional-doseamiodarone is more effective (MD=-13.10, 95％CI:-13.65——12.55) . Compared with the control group, the treatmentgroup had fewer adverse reactions, and the Begg.s test did not find any publication bias. Conclusion: WXKL alone orcombined with western medicine exhibited better therapeutic effects in the treatment of AF, but these results still needhigh-quality evidence to verify.

The lymphatic system of the heart plays an important role in the repair process after myocardial injury and may regulate normal tissue homeostasis and natural regeneration via maintaining fluid homeostasis and controlling the inflammatory response. The lymphatic system in the heart is activated after myocardial injury and is involved in the scarring process of the heart. Recent studies on the lymphatic system and myocardial repair of the heart have developed rapidly, and the mechanisms for lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic endothelial cell secretion have been elucidated by different animal models. A deep understanding of the structural, molecular, and functional characteristics of the lymphatic system of the heart can help develop therapies that target the lymphatic system in the heart. Summarizing the progress in studies on targets related to myocardial repair and the cardiac lymphatic system is helpful to provide potential new targets and strategies for myocardial repair therapy after myocardial infarction.
Animals ; Heart ; Myocardium ; Myocardial Infarction ; Heart Injuries ; Lymphatic System