OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and the safety of low dose budesonide/formoterol combination therapy vs.medium dose of budesonide(BUD) dry powder in the management of mild or moderate adult asthma.METHODS: A total of 62 patients with asthma were randomized to Group A(budesonide plus formcterol) or Group B(budesonide).Main outcome measures: daytime symptom and nocturnal symptom,peak expiratory flow(PEF),number of times of using rapid-acting ? 2 agonist and its ADR.RESULTS: After treatment,both groups had significant improvement in daytime symptom and nocturnal symptom(number of times of wakeup),PEF value and lung function,and the dosage of rapid-acting ? 2 agonist was decreased,showing significant differences between the two groups.The ADR was light in degree.CONCLUSION: Inhalation therapy of low dose of glucocorticoid plus long-acting ? 2 agonist is an optimal choice in the management of asthma.The efficacy of glucocorticoid could be enhanced more by combination with low dose and long-acting ? 2 agonist than by simply increasing its own dose.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of tube-sealing with norvancomycin and heparin saline mixture for prevention of central venous catheter-related infection (CRI).Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed.120 patients who were admitted to department of critical care medicine from January 2012 to January 2014 were included,with their subclavian vein catheterization installation time longer than 48 hours,age over 18 years and younger than 80 years,and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score reaching 10-29.The patients were divided into two groups using a random number table,and finally 116 patients were enrolled.Norvancomycin and heparin saline mixture were used for tube sealing in the intervention group (n=56),while only heparin saline was used in the control group (n=60).The incidence of CRI,catheter correlated spectrum of pathogens,adverse events,mortality,hospital day,catheter retention time,and hospital costs were compared between two groups.Results ① There was no significant difference in the incidence of CRI between intervention group and control group [7.14％ (4/56) vs.8.33％ (5/60),x2=0.058,P=1.000].There was no catheter pathogenic colonization in the intervention group,but there were 2 cases of catheter pathogenic colonization in control group.② A total of 7 pathogens were found in two groups.Three cases with pathogenic bacteria was found in the intervention group,with 1 case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,1 case Acinetobacter baumannii,and 1 case fungi.Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,fungi,and Acinetobacter baumannii was found in the control group,with 1 case of each.There was no significantly statistical difference between two groups (all P＞0.05),but there was a decreasing trend of Gram-positive cocci infection in the intervention group.③ There was no significant difference in the catheter thrombosis,local bleeding or hematoma,catheter dislocation and other adverse events between intervention group and control group [21.43％(12/56) vs.23.33％ (14/60),x2=0.060,P=0.806].④ There were no significant differences in mortality [7.14％(4/56) vs.8.33％ (5/60),x2=0.058,P=1.000],hospital day (days:35.9 ± 15.2 vs.34.1 ± 16.3,t=16.330,P=0.620),catheter retention time (days:25.0 ± 4.5 vs.24.5 ± 5.1,t=26.427,P=2.560) and cost of hospitalization (10 thousand Yuan:3.42 ± 1.22 vs.3.72 ± 1.30,t=13.215,P=1.560) between intervention group and control group.Conclusions For patients with central venous catheter,application norvancomycin with heparin saline mixture for tube sealing did not reduce the incidence of CRI,the incidence of adverse events and mortality,does not reduce hospitalization time,catheter retention time and hospital costs,but may reduce the catheter colonization and infection of Gram-positive bacteria.

Objective To investigate the causes of re-fractures of non fracture vertebral body after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Methods 512 patients (618 vertebral bodies) treated with PKP because of osteoporosis VCFs were recruited from June 2010 to June 2014.There were 107 males (121 vertebral bodies) and 405 females (497 vertebral bodies) with the mean age of 70.38±7.59 years old (51 to 91 years).There were 406 single segment fracture and 106 double segment fractures cases,and the fracture segments were T4 to L5.The T value of the patients' bone mineral density (BMD) was from-1.0 to-5.2 SD.The clinic characteristics of all the patients including age,sex,body weight,body height,body mass index (BMI),BMD score of the spine,volume of bone cement,restoration rate of anterior/middle vertebral height,postoperative complications (pulmonary embolism,bone cement leakage,nerve injury),and treated vertebral level were analyzed.Results 52 patients (10.16％,52/512) experienced refractures of non fracture vertebral body after kyphoplasty,and 4 experienced re-fracture of the fracture vertebral body after kyphoplasty.The average age of the 52 patients was 71.88±7.74 years old,meanwhile,the ratio of female was 94.23％ (49/52),the mean T value of BMD-4.03±0.60 SD,the ratio of initial double segment fractures 51.92％ (27/52).In addition,among the 456 cases with no fracture,the average age was 70.21±7.56 years,the ratio of female was 77.19％ (352/456);the mean T value of BMD was-2.89±0.55 SD;the ratio of initial double segment fractures was 17.32％(79/456).The data above (age,T value of BMD and initial double segment fractures) were all with statistical significant differences.Whereas the BMI,volume of bone cement,intervertebral disc leakage and restoration rate of anterior/middle vertebral height had no significant difference between the two groups.Furthermore,in the re-fracture of non fracture vertebral body group,32 cases (61.54％,32/52) were nonadjacent fractures,and 20 (38.46％,20/52) were adjacent fractures.Conclusion Osteoporosis degree,female and initial double segment fractures were major risk factors in the development of re-fracture of non fracture vertebral body after PKP.

Objective To analyze the isolation rates and antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) from intensive care unit (ICU)between 2010 and 2013,and provide evidence for clinical anti-infective therapy. Methods The isolation and antimicrobial resistance of AB from ICU between 2010 and 2013 were analyzed retro-spectively.Results A total of 1 413 pathogenic strains were isolated,556(39.35%)of which were AB,isolation rates in each year were 39.45%,41 .35%,29.44%,and 40.53% respectively.AB were mainly isolated from lower respiratory tract (75.72%).Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results showed that AB had low resistance rates to cefoperazone/sulbactam(5.85%)and amikacin (17.45%);detection rates of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant AB increased from 9.63% and 3.70% to 42.50% and 31 .88%,respectively (both P < 0.001 ). Conclusion AB is the common pathogen in ICU,antimicrobial resistance is serious,isolation of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant AB increased year by year;intensifying the monitoring of drug resistance is helpful for the treat-ment and prevention of AB infection.

Objective To explore the effects of gossypol acetate on the morphological features and the gene expression in the femoral head of Sprague-Dawley rat in vivo after treated with dexamethasone .Methods Dexamethasone(Dex) was injected into the abdominal cavity of SD rats at an dose of 10 mg/kg ,twice a week ,and feed gossypol acetate 5 mg · kg -1 · d-1 .The controls re-ceived saline 2 mL injection .The treatment lasted for 12 and 20 weeks .The slices of the femoral head were made for HE and immu-nohistochemical study .The total mRNA was extracted for RT-PCR assessment .Results The cancellous bone trabecular became sparse ,trabecular bone area ratio decreased ,bone marrow fat tissue increased .These changes were fitted for pathological character of bone necrosis .The gossypol acetate could not affect the pathological changes .The proportion of the positive stained osteoblasts increased ,adipocytes decreased .PPARγ,C/EBPα,11β-HSD1 expression enhanced ,Runx2 down regulated in the treatment groups and GAA group .Conclusion Dex can induce evident pathological changes conform to the characters of femoral head necrosis .They may have closed correlation between 11β-HSD1 and the gene expression .But GAA could not affected the pathological changes and abnormality of the gene expression .

Objective To investigate the effects of early tracheotomy on the prognosis of patients with severe brain lesions .Methods The clinical data of 68 patients with severe brain lesions were retrospectively analyzed . According to the time of tracheotomy ,we assigned 68 patients to receive either early tracheotomy or late tracheotomy . 34 patients who were given tracheotomy within 72 hours in Intensive Care Unit were selected as the early tracheotomy group (ET group).34 patients who were given tracheotomy after 14 days in Intensive Care Unit were selected as the late tracheotomy group(LT group).The time of mechanical ventilation,length of hospital stay,and the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia ( VAP ) , sedative drug use time , antibiotic use time , in-hospital mortality were compared between the two groups.Results In ET group,the hospitalization time,mechanical ventilation time, incidence of VAP,sedative drug use time,antibiotic use time were (4.2 ±2.4)d,(3.5 ±0.6)d,(14.5 ±3.2)%, (1.5 ±0.5)d,(3.3 ±0.3)d,those in LT group were (12.5 ±4.8)d,(8.5 ±5.6)d,(28.6 ±8.6)%,(6.3 ±1.2)d, (13.2 ±1.1) d respectively,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t =3.14,2.96, 3.28,3.46,2.57,all P<0.05).The hospitalization mortality rates of ET group ,LT group were (23.8 ±4.38)%, (24.5 ±4.16)%,respectively no significant difference between the two groups ( t=1.49,P<0.05).Conclusion The use of early tracheotomy can reduce the hospitalization time ,shorten the time of mechanical ventilation ,reduce the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia ,and reduce the time of using sedative drugs and antibiotics ,but the mor-tality has no significant effect in the severe craniocerebral injury patients .

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCC) is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis.With the development of high definition imaging technology,improvement of surgical instruments,optimization of perioperative surgical strategies and accumulation of surgical experiences,the radical resection rate of HCC is significantly improved.Operation is the main method of treatment for HCC,and radical resection is important for a long-term survival of HCC patients.The clinical data of 66 patients with HCC who were admitted to the Beijing Youan Hospital from April 2004 to April 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.The key points in surgical procedure and prognosis of patients were investigated.

Liver transplantation is an effective radical treatment method for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but HCC recurrence after liver transplantation seriously affects the long-term survival of patients receiving transplantation. Active preventive measures, adjustment of immunosuppressant, early identification of HCC recurrence, and development of comprehensive intervention measures after recurrence can help to improve the clinical outcome and long-term survival of HCC patients receiving liver transplantation. In order to further improve the prognosis of patients receiving liver transplantation, this article summarizes the latest research advances in the prevention and treatment of HCC recurrence after liver transplantation from the aspects of recurrence prevention and treatment after recurrence.

BACKGROUND:Angiotensin-converting enzyme as a key enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system, through the degradation effects of substance P mechanism, is involved in the occurrence and development of Alzheimer’s disease.
OBJECTIVE:To research the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and Alzheimer’s disease in Jiamusi region, as wel as the effect of gender and hypertension on the relationship.
METHODS:This case-control study included 96 Alzheimer’s disease patients. Another 102 subjects served as controls coming from the same area and in the same environmental condition. DNA segments were amplified using PCR in 20 g/L agarose gel electrophoresis and observed under ultraviolet lamp. II, ID, DD genotypes and genotype frequencies were calculated for statistical analysis. On this basis, according to clinical data col ected, we investigated association of Alzheimer’s disease with hypertension and gender.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was significant difference between Alzheimer’s disease patients and controls in angiotensin-converting enzyme genotypes and al ele frequency. There was statistical y significant difference between Alzheimer’s patients with hypertension and controls in angiotensin-converting enzyme genotypes and al ele frequency. There was no statistical difference between Alzheimer’s disease patients with different genders and controls in angiotensin-converting enzyme genotypes and al ele frequency. These findings indicate that there are some relationships between angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphism and Alzheimer’s disease. II genotype is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, angiotensin-converting enzyme II genotype is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease with hypertension.

Objective To evaluate the clinical curative effect of ulinastatin combined with CRRT in the treatment of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Methods Sixty eight patients with MODS who were admitted to ICU from July 2013 to July 2015 were randomly divided into three groups:control group,CRRT group,combined group;Patients' APACHE Ⅱ,SOFA scores level of inflammatory markers were recorded before treatment and after treatment of 72 hours and 7 days.The mortality of the three groups in ICU were compared.Results After 72 hours and a week of treatment,the level of IL-10,IL-6,TNF-α,WBC、PCT、CRP in CRRT group and combined group were significantly better than that of control group(P＜0.05),and combined group were significantly better than that of CRRT group.Compared with the control group,the oxygen index,lactic acid,ALT significantly im proved in CRRT group and combined group were better than control group,after 72 hours and a week of treatment(P＜0.05),and the cornbined group was the most obvious.After a week of treatment,the mortality rate of CRRT group and combined group was significantly better than the control group (P＜0.05),while there was no statistical differences between CRRT group and combined group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Ulinastatin combined with CRRT is an effective method for the treatment of MODS.