Radiation therapy or chemoradiation will be used much more commonly in the treatment of patients in postoperative gastric cancer . We have reviewed the indication, toxicity, radiation dose, radiation field in postradiotherapy of gastric cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of pig lung cancer model induced by bronchial perfusion of 3,4-benzopyrene. Methods 24 experimental pig were randomly divided into model group and control group, each containing 12 cases. Experimental pigs were under the anaesthetic state, pigs in the model group were given endobronchial infusion of 3,4 - benzopyrene - corn oil mixture, pigs in control group were injected with equal capacity of corn oil.Perfusion 1 times a week for 16 weeks.In week 16,32 and 48,all experimental pig were given lung CT scans, then the lung lesions were observed.After 48 weeks, the pig lung, esophagus, and gastrointestinal tract, liver and brain and other organs were dissected, the presence of tumor formation was observed, and the mass, and experimental pig lung biopsy were given hematoxylin and eosin staining analysis. Results Lung cancers were not found in control group by both CT lung cancers and anatomy. In the model group, pulmonary CT showed space-occupying lesions with different location and size in lungs of 8 pigs, and the space-occupying lesions were confirmed as malignant tumors by pathology, including 3 cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, 2 cases of highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 1 case of alveolar cell carcinoma,2 cases of adenosquamous carcinoma. Three other pigs and pigs in the control group were not found with tumor by both lung CT and anatomy. Pigs in model group were induced successfully to malignant tumor in 1 year , the total tumor formation rate was 75%,lung tumor formation rate was 66.66%. Conclusion The trachea bronchial perfusion of 3,4- benzopyrene is a simple,safe and reliable way to construct animal models of lung cancer.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of urinary leukotriene E4(LTE4) in children with respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) bronchiolitis.Methods Forty infants with bronchiolitis were enrolled for the identification of RSV-Ag from the nasopharyngeal secretions.Forty cases who were found to be positive of RSV were put into RSV bronchiolitis group.According to the severity of illness,the infants in RSV bronchiolitis group were separated into 2 subgroups:mild illness group (24 cases) and moderate illness group (16 cases).Thirty healthy children were chosen as healthy control group.Urine of the patients in RSV bronchiolitis group was collected in acute phase (on the 1st day) and recovery phase (on the 7th day after the admission).Urine of children in control group was collected .Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assay the level of urinary LTE4.Results The levels of LTE4 in healthy control group (M,Q) were 1.28 pmol?mmol-1,1.72 pmol?mmol-1,while the levels of LTE4 in acute phase in RSV bronchiolitis group (M,Q were 30.52 pmol?mmol-1,23.56 pmol?mmol-1,and the levels of LTE4 in recovery phase in RSV bronchiolitis group (M,Q) were 3.98 pmol?mmol-1,3.43 pmol?mmol-1.Urinary LTE4 levels in acute phase in RSV bronchiolitis group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group (P

BACKGROUND:Elderly patients are more prone to unstable and osteoporotic fractures. In the clinical surgical treatment, different programs can be taken. Internal fixation was done previously. However, the precise choice of the methods of unstable and osteoporotic femoral fractures in the elderly was stil controversial.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effect of carbon-coated artificial femoral head replacement in the treatment of elderly patients with unstable and osteoporotic femoral fractures.
METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed in the Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University from February 2013 to February 2014 in 83 cases of unstable and osteoporotic femoral fractures. These patients were divided into control group (42 cases) and observation group (41 cases) according to treatment methods. Conventional internal fixation and artificial femoral head replacement were conducted. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative bed time and hospital stay were observed in the two groups. Patients were fol owed up for 12 months. Recovery of hip function and complications were observed and compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No significant difference in operation time and intraoperative blood loss was detected between the observation group and the control group (P>0.05). Postoperative bed time and hospital stay were significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The excel ent and good rate of hip joint function was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group, but the complication rate was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). These findings suggest that carbon-coated artificial femoral head replacement for unstable and osteoporotic femoral fractures in the elderly obtained good repair effects, had smal injury to the patient and less complications. Moreover, it can better improve hip function.

Objective To observe the expressions of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) at different stages of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection,and to investigate the relationship between IP-10 with hepatic inflammation activity and hepatitis aggravation.Methods Fifteen chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients,15 asymptomatic HBV carriers (AsC) and 15 chronic severe hepatitis B (CSHB) patients were enrolled in the study from January 2010 to December 2011 in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University.The liver samples were collected by percutaneous needle biopsy or from liver transplantation.The IFN-γ and IP-10 mRNA expressions were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Localization and hemi-quantitative analysis of IFN-γand IP-10 proteins were performed by immunohistochemistry staining.Concentrations of serum IFN-γ and IP-10 were quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).HBV markers and liver function were also evaluated for each patient.Results Serum IFN-y and IP-10 concentrations increased significantly in CHB [(415.27±145.52) ng/L and (6.98± 1.12) ng/L,respectively] and CSHB [(658.33 ± 213.52) ng/L and (10.78 ± 1.19) ng/L,respectively] patients compared with AsC [(142.09 ± 47.64) ng/L and (2.4 7 ± 0.60) ng/L,respectively] patients,and were highest in CSHB patients (F=43.48,256.98 ;both P＜0.05).Meanwhile,intrahepatic IFN-γ and IP-10 mRNA and protein expressions paralleled with IFN-γ and IP-10 concentrations in the serum,which was highest in CSHB patients,followed by CHB and AsC patients (F＝693.85,210.21,433.05,214.46; all P＜0.05).Furthermore,Spearman linear correlation analysis showed that serum IP-10 level was positively correlated with both hepatic inflammation activity and serum IFN-γ concentration in CHB and CSHB patients (r =0.76 and r 0.77,respectively;both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions IP-10,one important immunologic marker of regulating anti HBV activation,indicates progression from immune tolerance phase to immune clearance phase.Furthermore,it may affect the degree of inflammation and hepatitis aggravation.

Objective:To optimize the formulation of HA-CA liposomes and to study the anti-tumor effect of HA-CA liposomes on uterine cervical carcinoma mice.Methods:The methods of preparing HA-CA liposomes were screened,and the optimal fomulation was selected by the orthogonal design experiment with the the phospholipids/cholesterol ratio,the drug/lipids ratio and the pH value of PBS buffer was 7.4 as entrapment enfficiency was the index.The release of HA-CA liposomes was studyed by dialysis bag method.Uterine cervical carcinoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously into right axillary ofBal b/c mice,after continuous treatment of 14 d,we weighed the tumor and calculated the rate of tumor growth inhibition.Results:HA-CA liposomes were prepared by thin film hydration methods.The optimal parameters were as follows:the phospholipids/cholesterol ratio was 4∶1,the drug/lipids ratio was 1∶ 30,the pH value of PBS buffer was 7.4.The release curve of HA-CA liposome and CA liposome was basically the same,both of which a sustained-release efficacy.The cumulative release of HA-CA liposomes and CA liposomes were 78.39％ and 83.01％ at 48h.The inhibition rate of HA-CA liposomes on U14 cervical cancer mice was 60.39％ and significantly higher than that of positive control group,which was higher than that of CA and CA liposomes.Conclusions:HA-CA liposomes can significantly inhibit the effect of U14 cervical cancer nude mice higher than that of CA and CA liposomes owe to the modification of the active target ligand HA.

Objective To explore the effect of rehabilitation training on learning and memorial ability and long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal region CA3 in rats with cerebral infarction. Methods 30 male rats were randomly divide into model group, rehabilitation training group and normal group with 10 cases in each group. Photochemical method was used to induce hippocampal infarction. The performance of Y-maze test and moving-back with current stimulation experiment were recorded. The increase rate of population spike (PS) in hippocampal region CA3 and PS latent period were compared. Results The frequency of training of Y-maze test was less after rehabilitation training, the latent period of moving-back with current stimulation experiment prolonged, and the PS latent period was shortened. Conclusion Rehabilitation training may strengthen the LTP effect in hippocampal region CA3, and improve the learning efficiency

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of irradiation on the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells.

METHODSMC3T3-E1 cells were irradiated 24 h after initial seeding. Gamma-radiation was administered at 0, 4, and 8 Gy as single doses by using a 60Co source. Cell proliferation was assessed at days 1, 3, 5, and 7 post-irradiation by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylte-trazolium bromide assay. The collagen secretion of the cells was measured through sirius red staining at day 12 post-irradiation. The expressions of osteogenesis-related genes were assessed through real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction at day 16 post-irradiation. The matrix mineralization caused by cells was evaluated through alizarin red staining at day 28 post-irradiation.

RESULTSThe cells exposed to 4 Gy or 8 Gy demonstrated significantly lower proliferation rates compared with the non-irradiated group. Doses of 4 Gy or more significantly inhibited the expressions of osteogenesis-related genes (Osterix and osteocalcin). Collagen secretion and cell mineralization were significantly reduced by the 8 Gy dose.

CONCLUSION60Co gamma-rays dose-dependently suppress the proliferation, collagen secretion, and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, radiation seems to dose-dependently inhibit the expressions of osteogenesis-related genes of the cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the serum concentrations of S-100 β protein and neurone specific enolase (NSE) in elderly patients undergoing surgery.Methods One hundred ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients,aged 65 ～75 yr with a body mass index of ＜25 kg/m2,scheduled for elective hip joint replacement surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =50):control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was infused intravenously over 15 min before anesthesia induction in group D and was maintained 0.4 μg/(kg·h) until 30 min before operation end,while the same volume of normal saline was infused in group C.Anesthesia was induced by iv injection of sufentanil 0.4 μg/kg and propofol 1 ～ 2 mg/kg until loss of consciousness.Tracheal intubation was facilitated with 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium bromide and the patients were mechanically ventilated.Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane by target controlled inhalation (TCI) (end-tidal concentration set at 1％～3％) and sufentanil 0.2 μg/(kg·h) in both groups.BIS was maintained at 40～60 during operation.Venous blood samples were obtained for determination of serum concentrations of S-100β protein and NSE before anesthesia (baseline),operation end and at 12h after operation.Patients were sent to Intensive Care Unit when operation end.All the patients were assessed for the development of delirium by experience research staff using Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit.The incidence of postoperative delirium within 24h after operation were recorded,and compared between the two groups.Results The serum concentrations of S-100β protein and NSE was significantly increased at T1～2 than at T0 in two groups.The total dose of each anesthetic (propofol,sevoflurane),the serum concentrations of S-1005 protein and NSE,and the incidence of postoperative delirium were significantly lower in group D than in group C (P＜0.05).Conclusions Dexmedetomidine can reduce the serum concentrations of S-100 β protein and NSE,and can also reduce the occurrence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing hip joint replacement surgery.Dexmedetomidine can provides cerebral protection in elderly patients undergoing surgery.

Objective To explore the expression and significance of galectin-3 in COPD and lung cancer.Methods Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:COPD group,lung cancer group and the control group with 20 rats in each group.COPD group was given tracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide and exposed to daily cigarette to establish the model.Lung cancer group was injected with 3,4-benzopyrene-corn mixture.The control group was fed normally.After 20 weeks,plasma galectin-3 concentration was assessed in each group using ELISA method.Results The galectin-3 average concentrations of COPD group,lung cancer group and the control group were (8.63 ± 0.46) ng/mL,(9.15 ± 0.69) ng/mL and (4.47 ± 0.51) ng/mL.The average concentrations in COPD and lung cancer groups were higher than that of the control group with a statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusion As expressed in COPD and lung cancer,galectin-3 may own a great significance to the occurrence,development and prognosis of COPD and lung cancer.