BACKGROUND:An animal model of myocardial infarction is of great significance for the study of the pathogenesis, pathophysiology and evaluation of treatment methods of human coronary artery disease. Many researchers aim to improve survival rate and the success rate of model induction.
OBJECTIVE:To improve the method of making a rat model of myocardial infarction.
METHODS:One hundred Wistar rats were divided into model group (n=80) and sham-operated group (n=20). The rats were intraperitoneal y anesthetized with 3%sodium pentobarbital. Tracheostomy was operated. An automatic breathing apparatus was utilized for assisted breathing. A left anterior thoracotomy was performed at the fourth intercostal space. The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated. Sham-operated rats underwent similar surgery but without coronary artery ligation. The thoracic cavity was closed layer by layer. The breathing apparatus was removed and tracheal intubation was also removed. To prevent suffocation, the trachea and the neck incision were not closed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Heart morphology and hematoxylin-eosin staining demonstrated that the success rate of establishing myocardial infarction model was 98.6%. The survival rate of model group at 3 weeks after surgery was 88.75%. Total y nine rats died, including seven dead rats during operation and within 24 hours after operation, and two dead rats in later stage. The survival rate of the sham-operated group was 100%. We modified the method of establishing a rat model of myocardial infarction and improved the operation success rate and survival rate of rats, such as anesthesia method, longitudinal incision during tracheotomy, without closing the trachea after operation, and the method of opening and closing the chest.

Objective To analyze the clinical methods of type Ⅲ Pilon fracture internal fixation. Methods The internal fixation with steel plate were performed in 36 cases with Ruedi-AllgoWer type, Ⅲ Pilon fracture and all patients had early post-operative rehabilitation functional exercise. Results Thirty-six cases were followed up for an average period of 16 months. The fracture healed completely in all cases and the successful rates of good function reached 88.9% (32/36) according to YU Guang-rong's evaluation standard. Conclusion For Ruedi-AUgower type Ⅲ Pilon fracture, appropriate surgical time combined with internal fixation with steel plate and early post-operative function exercise showed satisfactory therapeutic effect.

Objective To evaluate the similarity of dissolution profiles of self-produced and original drug cefuroxime axetil tab-lets.Methods Based on the dissolution detection method in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the dissolution behaviors of the self-pro-duced preparation and original drug were investigated in pure water,0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid,0.05 mol/L hydrochloric acid, pH4.5 and pH6.8 medium and the rotation speed of 50,25,75 r/mim.The stripping curves were evaluated by the f2 factor method. Results In the rotation speed of 50 r/min,the f2 factors in different mediums were 57.65,79.17,73.56,66.83 and 62.33 respec-tively;the medium was 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid with the rotation speed of 25,75 r/min,the f2 factors were 65.35 and 78.48 re-spectively.Conclusion The stripping curves of self-produced preparation and original drug are similar under various conditions.

Books ; Language ; Linguistics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Translations

Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a three-level three-factor Box-Behnken design of experiments was used to optimize the extracellular polysaccharide content and the mycelium biomass by submerged cultivation using Pholiota squarrosa AS 5.245. The critical factors selected for the investigation were temperature, time of cultivation and volume of medium, based on the results of our previous Plackett-Burman design. The objectives of this present work were to locate optimum levels of these process parameters, and to find out interactions among them for enhancement of the yield of extracellular polysaccharide and mycelium biomass. By solving the regression equation and also by analyzing the response surface contour plots, the optimal process conditions were determined: under conditions of temperature, 28.07℃; cultivation time, 8.79 d and volume of medium, 68.51 mL, the prediction of extracellular polysaccharide content (EPC) by Pholiota squarrosa AS 5.245 was 1062.69 ?g per milliliter of fermentation liquor. While cultivation temperature, time and volume of medium were 27.60℃, 9.42 d and 54.20 mL respectively, the mycelium biomass expressed as dry cell weight (DCW) was 11.32 mg?mL -1. In order to simultaneously obtain the maximum yield of EPC and DCW, the above conditions would be located at 27.62℃, 9.19 d and 64.10 mL. In these conditions, the maximum predicted yield of EPC and DCW were found to be 1050.64 ?g?mL -1 and 11.10 mg?mL -1, respectively. These predicted values were also verified by validation experiment.

The role of bacterial biofilms in the chronic diseases has been recognized more and more. The experts in the centers for disease control and prevention of the United States estimate that 65% of human bacterial infection is involved with the biofilms. In the recent study. it has been proved that there is a high correlation between the bacterial biofilm and the pathogenesis and prognosis of chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS). In order to elucidate the role of bacteria films in the pathogenesis of CRS, we reviewed various method of testing the bacterial biofilms in CRS, and summarized the related researches. Based on the detection researches and summaries, we conclude that bacterial biofilm can contribute to the continuance and development (diffusion and repeated) of CRS. It can lead to the continuous inflammation by influencing the immune system of the mucous membrane. While there is little research on the bacterial biofilm. Further researches will be needed for the exact mechanism of the bacterial biofilm in CRS. in order to find more effective therapeutic method and targets.
Biofilms ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Sinusitis ; microbiology ; pathology

OBJECTIVE: Explore the TGF-beta1 and collagen fibers in chronic nasal sinusitis each type and degree of expression of the normal control group and in the nasal mucosa epithelial tissue remodeling and the role of TGF-beta1 and collagen deposition relationship. METHOD: Sixty-two patients experimental group (CRSwNP of 21 cases. CRSs NP group of 15 cases. 11 cases of recurrent nasal polyps; control group 15 cases specimens for immunohistochemistry and masson collagen staining. Manual counting the number of positive cells by the Mann-Whitney U test to analyze the expression in experimental group and the control group. Experimental group and control group between the single-factor analysis of variance with a One-Way ANOVA analysis. RESULT: Experimental group and control group were expressed TGF-beta1 with collagen deposition. Which, TGF-beta1 in CRSsNP group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05), CRSwNP group was significantly increased compared with CRSsNP group (P < 0.05); masson collagen staining, CRSsNP group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.01), recurrent nasal polyps group than in the control group was significantly increased (P < 0.05). TGF-beta1 and collagen staining masson positive correlation between (P < 0.01 ). CONCLUSION TGF-beta1 and collagen deposi tion and chronic nasal-sinusitis tissue remodeling has its relevance. Furthermore. TGF-beta1 expression increased with excessive deposition of collagen fibers also positively correlated.
Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chronic Disease ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Rhinitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sinusitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptors(TLRs)signaling pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)with nasal polyps.Method:Gene microarray analysis was used to detect the expression of TLRs signaling pathway in CRS with nasal polyps.Result:Of 19 differentially expressed(two-fold changes),4genes were upregulated and 15 genes were downregulated.Conclusion:The differentially expressed genes in TLRs signaling pathway may exert its effect in the pathogenesis of CRS.In addition,the roles of TLR9 and its agonists need further study.

Objective To compare safety,completeness and long-term results between lobectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) and thoracotomy for clinical stage Ⅰ / Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Between July 2010 and December 2011,673 patients with clinical stage Ⅰ / Ⅱ NSCLC from 11 hospitals underwent pulmonary lobectomy(425 VATS,248 thoracotomy).Patients were matched by propensity score matoh method to create two comparable groups,402 patients remained eligible for analysis,with 201 patients in each group.Perioperative variables and follow-up results were compared between the two groups.Results Patients characteristics were comparable between the two groups,except for a slight lower preoperative FEV1,FEV1％ and FEV1/FVC in the VATS group (P ＜ 0.05).There was one postoperative death in each group.There was no significant difference in operative time,mediastinal lymph nodes stations/numbers dissected and postoperative drainage time between the two groups.The operative blood loss was lower in the VATS group(P ＜ 0.001),the mean hospital stay was shorter in the VATS group(P ＜ 0.001).Postoperative pneumonia/pulmonary atelectasis rate was lower in the VATS group than in the thoracotomy group (5.1％ vs.10.4％,P ＜ 0.05).Median follow-up time was 20 months in both groups.One-year and two-year recurrence-free survival was 90％ vs.88％ and 80％ vs.70％,respectively(P =0.163).One-year and two-year overall survival were 96％ vs.95％ and 88％ vs.85％,respectively(P =0.226).Conclusion For clinical stage Ⅰ / Ⅱ NSCLC,VATS lobectomy is a feasible procedure with shorter hospital stay and less complications,while its surgical and oncologic outcome is comparable to that of thoracotomy lobectomy.

Objective To analyze the clinical characterist ic s and treatment of chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction(CIIP). Methods We retrospectively reviewed 8 C IIP patients admitted to our hospital from 1980 to 1999. There were 4 males and 4 females, with an average age of 29 years. Results The earliest onset of symptom was at an age of 2 years old. Re current abdominal distention is the most common symptom. Gastrointestinal imagin g and colonoscopy showed dilated loops of bowels with no evidence of mechanical obstruction. Delayed gastric emptying was presented by radionucleotide(~99m Tc-Sc) gastric emptying test. Gastrointestinal manometry showed low pressure in esophagus and colon. Biopsy taken in 2 patients showed chronic inflammation. On e patient underwent total colectomy for the treatment of lesions confined within the colon. Prokinetic agents have limited efficacy. Conclusions CIIP is a rare disease. Operation is not a prima ry method for treatment. The patients usually have poor prognosis.