Catheterization ; Endoscopy ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; complications ; drug therapy ; surgery ; therapy ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; therapy ; Humans ; Octreotide ; therapeutic use ; Somatostatin ; therapeutic use ; Vasopressins ; therapeutic use

Animal models of pancreatic cancer are important for the experiments of pancreatic cancer research.An ideal an- imal model of pancreatic cancer provides effective tool for exploring the tumorigenesis of pancreatic cancer.This paper summari- zes the methods for establishing mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and discusses interpretd the advantages and disadvantages of different models.

Objective To analyze the features of quality management of maternal serum prenatal screening for Down syndrome in the second trimester and investigate the methods to establish and improve quality control system.Methods Prenatal screening and clinical data were collected for statistical analysis from 17 prenatal screening centers in Zhejiang Province from 2011 to 2012.The impacts of maternal age , weight, gestational age , specimen collection , the median values of serum markers selection and different analysis software on prenatal screening results for Down syndrome were analyzed respectively .Results Totally 417 347 and 463 846 prenatal screening cases were collected in 2011 and 2012 respectively.The maternal age of the entire province presented as a Gaussian distribution.The age distributions of different screening institutions were inconsistent , while maternal weight distributions were similar.The approach to determine gestational age was significantly different among screening institutions.Median MoM of the samples from the blood collection points was different from those of the main screening center.Median MoM-freeβ-hCG was positive bias , particularly the specimens from the blood collection points.After strengthening the control of temperature and time during samples transportation , Median MoM-free β-hCG of specimens from blood collection points became nearly equal to those of main screening center .Use of local median made the median MoM value closer to 1.0 in the centers with positive or negtive bias of the markers , which had little effect in detection rate and decreased the false positive rate and screening positive rate.Six more positive cases were detected by the Lifecycle software instead of 2T software in 213 followed-up positive cases, which means the Lifecycle software can improve the detection rate.Conclusions The impact of maternal age, weight, gestational age, specimen collection and other factors on screening performance should be taken into consideration when it evaluates the screening quality of different laboratory .The use of local medians is necessary in prenatal screening.Optimization of screening analysis software can reduce false negative rate.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of island flap pedicled with dorsal cutaneous branches of digital inter-nal artery for severe thermos injury of fingers .Methods From May 2008 to May 2012 ,15 fingers in 12 cases with severe thermos injury were treated with island flap pedicled with dorsal cutaneous branches of digital internal artery .The defect size ranged from 1 .5 cm × 2 .0 cm to 2 .2 cm × 3 .0 cm ,4 fingers with anterograde flap repair ,11 fingers with retrograde flap repair .Results Partial necrosis happened at the distal end of 2 island flaps ,All the other flaps survived completely .The patients were followed up for 6-12 months with satisfactory cosmetic and functional results ,cicatricial contracture around the skin graft in 3 fingers ,The two-points discrimination distance was 9-11 mm in flaps .Conclusion These flaps have the advantages of an extended skin paddle and a versa-tile pivot point on the phalanx ,and they allow coverage of wide and distal defects .

Objective To explore the relationship among professional commitment, learning burnout and academic self-efficacy of undergraduate nursing students. Methods 506 undergraduate nursing students were investigated with the three Questionnaires of college students: professional commitment questionnaire, learning burnout inventory and academic self-efficacy scale. Results The scores of affective commitment, ideal commitment, normative commitment and continued commitment of the undergraduate nursing students were (28.229 ± 5.327), (20.348 ±4. 507), (19. 405 ± 3. 730), (18. 148 ± 2. 954) and( 86. 130 ± 13. 421), respectively. And the scores of depression, misconduct, low sense of accomplishment, total bumrnut of the undergraduate nursing students were(21.733 ±5.338), (18.459 ±3. 918) , (17.083 ±3. 596)and(57. 275 ±9. 766) , respectively. As well as the scores of learning ability of self-efficacy, learning behavior of self-efficacy and total self-efficacy were(35.765 ±5.835), (35.247 ±4.840)and (71.012 ±9.659), respectively. The affective commitment,ideal commitment and normative commitment of professional commitment were negatively correlated with the dimensions of learning bumout. And the continued commitment was significant correlated with the low sense of accomplishment. Otherwise, the dimensions of professional commitment were positive correlated with the dimensions of academic self-efficacy. However, the dimensions of academic self-efficacy were significant negative correlated with the dimensions of learning burnout (P＜ 0. 01). Conclusions The professional commitment, learning bumout of undergraduate nursing students are closely related with the academic self-efficacy of undergraduate nursing students. The higher the levels of professional commitment and academic self-efficacy are, the lower the level of learning bumout is.

Objective To investigate the effects of wortmannin (WT) on leukemia cells cycle and BCL-2 protein expression. Methods 0 25?mol/L PI-3 kinase inhibitor wortmanin was used to treat K562 cells for 24 hours, and Arac was simultaneously used to induce the cell apoptosis. The specific fluoresent staining and FCM analysis were adopted to measure the cell cycle distribution and BCL-2 expression. Results Compared with the control cells, the proliferation index(PI) of the K562 cells treated by wortmannin was significantly lower, the cell number of G1 phase and the percentage of cell apoptosis increased, and the BCL-2 protein expression significantly decreased. Conclusion Wortmannin could inhibitedtheproliferationofK5 6 2cells ,andwascellcyclespecificagent (CCSA) .

0.05).Conclusions There is imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells in CHB children.Th1 cytokines are positively correlated with hepatic inflammatory activity.In the course of disease,Th2 cytokines are predominant and they have a correlation to the chronic prognosis of the illness.So we can conclude the degree and prognosis of disease by observing the change of Th1/Th2 cytokines in CHB children.

Objective To observe the correlation between heart rate turbulence (HRT) and heart rate variability in patients with essential hypertension.Methods 50 cases of essential hypertension were selected and 30 healthy subjects were taken as controls.Turbulence onset (TO) and turbulence slope (TS) were calculafed according to 24 h Holter results of the two groups.The correlation between TO,TS and SDNN of 24 h RR,every-5-min of 24 h RR and rMSDD of RR as well as the correlation between TO and TS Was studied.Results TO in essential hypertension group Was remarkably higher than in control group but TS Was lower.TO and TS were correlated with SDNN, SDANN and rMSDD (r=-0.587,r=0.679,r=0.423,r=0.513,r=0.336,r=0.417)(P<0.05 respectively). Conclusion Systolic HRT before ventricular period is weakened in patients with essential hypertension.TS can be an index in evaluating autonomic nerve function of primary hypertension.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of MTAP, CDKN2A and CDKN2B gene expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods MTAP, CDKN2A and CDKN2B gene expression were assessed by Real-time quantitative PCR in 40 cases of DLBCL and 19 cases of reactive hyperplasia. The clinical and follow-up data were also collected. Results Comparing with reactive hyperplasia, MTAP, CDKN2A and CDKN2B gene expression were decreased in DLBCL group (P = 0.024,0.044 and 0.047, respectively). Low-expression of all the three genes were associated with advanced Ann Arbor stage (P=0.004, 0.001 and 0.027, respectively). No obvious difference were observed according to gender, age, the number of the extra-nodal infiltration, ECOG score, bone marrow involvement and serum LDH level (P ＞0.05). MTAP and CDKN2A gene expression were associated with B symptoms (P =0.003 and 0.028, respectively) and IPI scores (P =0.001 and 0.011, respectively). With regard to survival rates,MTAP, CDKN2A and CDKN2B gene expression were significantly associated with OS (P =0.022, 0.019 and 0.042, respectively). Conclusion MTAP, CDKN2A and CDKN2B gene expression in DLBCL were decreased and related to disease progression and prognosis. They could be considered as biomarkers to evaluate biological behavior and clinical outcome of DLBCL patients.

Objective To investigate the interactive mechanism of dopamine and α-synuclein in SH-SY5Y cells,and to explore their effects on Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods The concentration of exogenous dopamine was definited by MTT method.The effect of exogenous dopamine on the expressions of α-synuclein and caspase-3 active fragments and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected by Western blot and commercial kit.Recombinant plasmid of wild-type α-synuclein was transfected into SH-SY5Y cells.Level changes in dopamine concentration,MDA content and expression of caspase-3 active fragment were observed.Furthermore,the effect of GBR12935,an inhibitor of dopamine transporter,on these outcomes were detected.Results Intracellular dopamine concentration was increased by 16 folds in SH-SY5Y cells which were added 300 umol/L exogenous dopamine for 24 hours as compared with blank controls (t=7.32,P＜0.01).Expressions of α-synuclein and caspase-3 active fragments and MDA content were increased in exogenous dopamine treated group as compared with blank controls (t=4.92,17.14,6.55,all P＜0.01).Intracellular dopamine concentration,MDA content and expression of caspase-3 active fragment were increased in SH-SY5Y cells transfected with recombinant plasmid of wild-type α-synuclein as compared with SH-SY5Y cells transfected with empty plasmid (F =32.97.107.80,55.54,all P＜0.01),whlie these increases could be partially inhibited by GBR12935.Conclusions Dopamine promotes the expression of α-synuclein,while over-expressed α-synuclein increases intracellular dopamine concentration,which forms a vicious cycle of cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.