Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; toxicity ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; drug therapy ; Female ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Silymarin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of occult carcinoma in contralateral lobes based on the ultrasonic features of unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma. Methods: The study included 202 consecutives cases of unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma with benign nodules in the contralateral lobe identified by preoperative ultrasound or fine-needle aspiration from June 2014 to December 2015. All patients received total thyroidectomies, and with postoperative pathological examination they were divided into two groups, one including 60 cases with positive occult cancer and another one consisting of 142 cases with negative occult cancer. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze the sonographic features of unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma relevant to the occurrence of occult carcinoma in the contralateral nodules. Results: Univariate analysis indicated occult carcinoma in the contralateral lobes was associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis(χ²=3.955, P=0.047), unclear border (χ²=4.375, P=0.036)and multifocality in the ipsilateral(χ²=7.375, P=0.007), but not with tumors maximum size, location, A/T, shape, internal structure, internal echo, acoustic halo, calcification, capsular invasion and blood flow signal in the lobe with carcinoma on another side. Multivariate analysis showed unclear border (OR=2.727, P=0.010) and multifocality in the ipsilateral(OR=2.807, P=0.005)of carcinoma were independent predictive factor for contralateral occult PTC. Conclusions Unclear border and multifocality of PTC in the ipsilateral were closely relevant to the occurrence of occult carcinoma in the contralateral nodules.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of thyroglobulin measurement in ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration(FNA-Tg)for detecting neck node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)after thyroidectomy.

METHODSA total of 128 suspicious metastatic lymph nodes in 112 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Postoperative pathologic results were taken as the gold standard. The values of FNA and FNA-Tg combined FNA in the diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes were compared with different ultrasonic features.

RESULTSThe sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of single FNA for the diagnosis of neck node metastasis were 67.5%, 98.0% and 79.7% respectively, and those of FNA-Tg combined FNA were 87.0%, 100.0% and 92.2% respectively. Compared with single FNA, the sensitivity and accuracy of FNA-Tg combined FNA were increased significantly(χ(2)=8.319, P=0.004; χ(2)=8.275, P=0.004). When the ultrasonographic characteristics met any one of five indicators for neck node metastasis, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of single FNA for the diagnosis of neck node metastasis were 38.1%, 95.7% and 68.2% respectively, and those of FNA-Tg combined FNA were 71.0%, 100.0% and 86.4% respectively. Compared with single FNA, the sensitivity and accuracy of FNA-Tg combined FNA were increased significantly(χ(2)=4.709, P=0.030; χ(2)=4.141, P=0.042). When the ultrasonographic characteristics met any two of five indicators for neck node metastasis, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of single FNA for the diagnosis of neck node metastasis were 55.0%, 100.0% and 73.5% respectively, and those of FNA-Tg combined FNA were 90.0%, 100.0% and 94.1% respectively. Compared with single FNA, the sensitivity and accuracy of FNA-Tg combined FNA were increased significantly(χ(2)=6.140, P=0.013; χ(2)=5.314, P=0.021). The ultrasonographic characteristics met any three, four or five of five indicators or did not meet any of the indicators, there was no significant difference in the value of the diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes between single FNA and FNA-Tg combined FNA(P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe combination of FNA with FNA-Tg could be helpful in diagnosis of lymph node metastasis. When the suspicious lymph nodes had one or two ultrasound characteristics for neck node metastasis, FNA-Tg could raise the sensitivity and accuracy of FNA, and FNA-Tg could not significantly improve in the diagnosis of FNA when presenting with no or with more than 2 ultrasonographic features.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; diagnosis ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thyroglobulin ; analysis ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; Thyroidectomy

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacies of BRAF^V600E testing and Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (BSRTC) in thyroid nodules with thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) category 4 and 5. Methods: A total of 187 thyroid nodules in 187 patients underwent the examinations of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and BRAF^V600E mutation were analyzed retrospectively. Receive operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to investigate the diagnostic values of both methods and the clinical application of BRAF^V600E combined with BSRTC was evaluated. SPSS17.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: Among 187 thyroid nodules, 123 were malignant nodules confirmed with histopathological examination and 64 benign nodules determined by FNAC, histopathological examination, or long-term follow-up. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of BRAF^V600E test were better than those of BSRTC [69.1%, 98.4%, 98.8%, 62.4%(χ²=77.3, P=0.000) vs 62.6%, 93.8%, 95.1%, 56.6%(χ²=54.4, P=0.000)]. While the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of the combined test of BRAF^V600E and BSRTC for diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules were 87.8%, 92.2%, 95.6%, 79.7%(χ²=112.6, P=0.000), respectively. The area under the ROC curve for the combined test was higher than that for each of tests (0.900 vs 0.858 or 0.838). Conclusions The combined test of BRAF^V600E mutation and BSRTC has a higher diagnostic efficacy for malignant thyroid nodules compared with BRAF^V600E mutation or BSRTC alone.

Objective To study the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields(PEMFs)of 15Hz and lmT on osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Methods The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured in vitro,the third passage cells were harvested and half of them was exposed to PEMFs,another half exposed to sham PEMFs served as the control.The activity of ALP was measured.And the ex- pression of osteoblast and adipogenesis was measured with the semi-quantitative RT-PCR,adipogenic differentiation was observed with the Oil Red O Staining.Results When compared with the control,PEMFs of 15 Hz and 1 mT significantly increased the activity of ALP(P

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effects of posterior short-segment pedicle screw internal fixation combined with vertebroplasty for the treatment of Kümmell disease with kyphosis. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with Kümmell disease complicated with kyphosis treated by posterior short-segment pedicle screw internal fixation combined with vertebroplasty from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, including 6 males and 18 females, aged 63 to 85 (73.1±6.5) years old. The clinical effect was evaluate by visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the anterior height of injured vertebral body, and the sagittal Cobb angle of the affected segment beforeoperation, at 3 days and final follow up after operation. And the surgical complications were observed. RESULTS: All 24 patients were followed up from 12 to 24 months with an average of (15.5±3.2) months. The VAS score was decreased from 5.21±1.06 preoperatively to 2.38±0.58 at 3 days postoperatively and 1.71±0.75 at final follow-up;ODI was decreased from (50.4±13.5)% preoperatively to (20.9±8.0)% at 3 days postoperatively and (16.7±9.6)% at final follow-up;the anterior height of injured vertebral body was restored from (8.0±4.2) mm before surgery to (18.1±5.0) mm at 3 days after surgery and (16.8±5.1) mm at final follow up;the sagittal Cobb angle of affected segment was decreased from (19.5±6.3)° preoperatively to (7.6±2.1)° at 3 days after surgery and(8.4±1.7)° at final follow-up. VAS, ODI, anterior height of injured vertebral body, and sagittal Cobb angle of affected segment were significantly improved at 3 days after operation and at final follow-up ( CONCLUSION Posterior short-segment pedicle screw internal fixation combined with vertebroplasty for the treatment of Kümmell disease with kyphosis has relatively small surgical trauma, excellent clinical results, good vertebral height recovery, satisfactory correction of kyphotic angle, and fewer complications, etc. It is a safe and effective surgical method to treat Kümmell disease with kyphosis.
Female ; Humans ; Kyphosis/surgery* ; Lumbar Vertebrae/injuries* ; Male ; Pedicle Screws ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; Thoracic Vertebrae/surgery* ; Vertebroplasty

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in assessing the high-risk population of hepatic malignant tumor (HMT).

METHODSThree hundred patients with high-risk of HMT were enrolled and examined by CEUS. The clinical data of these patients were collected. A comparative analysis was performed to assess the ability of CEUS for detecting and characterizing lesions in the liver. Kappa test was used for assessing the intra-and inter-observer reliability of CEUS.

RESULTSIn 87 enrolled patients with 119 malignant lesions detected by contrast-enhanced MRI, 112 lesions were detected by CEUS and 95 lesions were detected by unenhanced ultrasonography (US). The detection rate of CEUS for HMT was significant higher than that of US (94.1% vs. 79.8%; P < 0.01). More HMT lesions were detected by CEUS than by US in 17.2% patients. One hundred and seventy-seven patients with 215 lesions were confirmed by pathological diagnosis or long-time follow-up. There were 118 malignant and 97 benign lesions. The accuracy of CEUS for differential diagnosis of the liver lesions was 91.6% (197/215), significantly higher than that by US (59.1%, 127/215) (P < 0.01). CEUS improved the accuracy for 35.0% (62/177) patients. For 96 patients with 105 lesions detected for the first time, the agreement of diagnosis by CEUS was 92.4% (97/105). The reliability of CEUS was high (Kappainter = 0.866; Kappaintra = 0.934).

CONCLUSIONSCEUS improves the detection rate and diagnostic accuracy rate of the HMT high-risk population, with a high agreement for diagnosing the new lesions. CEUS may be considered as a first-line method to assess the high-risk population of HMT conveniently, accurately and reliably.

Contrast Media ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography

This study investigated the relationship between carotid plaque neovascularization and diabetes mellitus (DM) by using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was performed in 104 patients with carotid plaque thicker than 2.0 mm. There were 36 patients with DM and 68 patients without DM. The enhanced intensity in the plaque and the ratio of enhanced intensity in the plaque to that in the lumen of the carotid artery in patients with DM were significantly greater than those in patients without DM. Our study demonstrated that the enhanced intensity in patients with DM is greater than that their counterparts without DM, suggesting that carotid plaque in DM patients may have more neovessels and may be more vulnerable.
Aged ; Carotid Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Contrast Media ; Diabetes Mellitus ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography ; methods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate a minimally invasive technique of parotidectomy in treatment of benign parotid tumors.

METHODSThis retrospective review included 49 patients with benign parotid gland tumors. The modified technique included incision, flap elevation, facial nerve dissection, the great auricular nerve preservation and postoperative disposal.

RESULTSAll tumors were resected completely. The operation lasted 1.5 approximately 2.5 h; the average length of incisions was from 5.5 cm to 7.5 cm, and the average postoperative hospital stay was 4 days. There were no permanent facial nerve injury, no obvious scars and no depressed deformity observed postoperatively. During the 6 months approximately 5 years following-up, no tumor recurrence was found.

CONCLUSIONThe minimally invasive technique of parotidectomy reduces the disadvantages of the traditional procedure, and improves the quality of operation.T.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Parotid Gland ; surgery ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of pretreatment with finasteride in decreasing intraoperative bleeding and irrigating fluid absorption during transurethral resection of prostate (TURP).

METHODSEighty patients with benign prostate hypertrophy undergoing TURP were divided into two groups: 40 patients were pretreated with finasteride for 7 to 14 days before TURP and 40 patients without pretreatment. Absorption of irrigating fluid was quantified by analyzing the serum concentration of gentamycin. Intraoperative blood loss was calculated based on hemoglobin concentrations before and after operation.

RESULTThe whole blood loss, hemoglobin concentration of irrigating fluid used, blood loss per minute, blood loss per gram tissue resected, whole irrigation absorption, irrigation absorption per minute and per gram tissue resected in patients pretreated with finasteride were significantly less than those in patients without pretreatment (P<0.05). The blood transfusion volume, the incidence of hypotension and hyponatremia in patients pretreated with finasteride were significantly less than those in patients without pretreatment (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONPretreatment with finasteride is of value in reducing intraoperative bleeding, irrigation absorption and perioperative complication during TURP.

Absorption ; Aged ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; prevention & control ; Finasteride ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate