Type 1 diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroid disorders are the most common combination of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type Ⅲ(APS Ⅲ). However, APS Ⅲ combined with myasthenia gravis is rare. We described a male patient with myasthenia gravis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and Hashimoto thyroiditis, who was diagnosed as APS Ⅲ. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)type was analyzed in this patient. We subsequently reviewed 11 cases of APS Ⅲ combined with myasthenia gravis. This review revealed that HLA-DR9/DQ9 might be a specific HLA subtype associated with APS Ⅲ and complicated with myasthenia gravis .

Objective To investigale the quality of life (QOL) and its influenced factors in Tibetan patients with generalized tonic clonic epilepsy.Methods QOL of 126 definit diagnosed Tibetan patients with generalized tonic clonic epilepsy were measured with the QOL in Epilepsy Inventory-31 (QOLIE-31). The influenced factors of QOL were analysed. Results The total score of QOLIE-31 was 48.58?17.29; the lowest subcomponent score was 32.92?22.97 for Seizure Worry ; the highest was 77.11?20.98 for Medication Effects. Single factor analysis results were indicated that the scores of QOL between the different gender, occupation, marital status age,education were remarkable difference(all P

Objective To investigate the effect of placenta derived tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and myostatin (MSIN) in patients with preeclampsia (PE) and fetal development.Methods One hundred and twenty pregnant women who delivery from October 2008 to October 2013 were enrolled in this study.In them,40 healthy pregnant women was normal control group,40 PE and fetal growth in normal pregnant women was PE group,40 PE and fetal growth restriction (FGR) of pregnant women was PE + FGR group.The immunohistochemical localization of SABC method was used to detect for TNF-α and MSIN protein in placenta tissue in each group respectively.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to detect for TNF-α and MSIN mRNA and protein in placenta tissue.Results The TNF-α mainly located in placental blood vessels surrounding stroma,decidual cells,trophoblastic cells and MSIN mainly located in placental blood vessels surrounding stroma,decidual cells and terminal villi.The TNF-α and MSIN mRNA expression quantity in PE group was 3.65 ±0.86,1.80 ±0.32 ; in PE + FGR group was 3.88 ± 0.71,2.01 ± 0.55 ; in normal control group was 1.32 ± 0.21,0.77 ± 0.39.The TNF-α and MSIN mRNA expression quantity in PE group and PE + FGR group were significantly higher than those in normal control group(P ＜ 0.01),and there were significant differences between PE group and PE + FGR group(P ＜ 0.05).The TNF-α and MSIN protein expression in normal control group was 0.56 ±0.13,1.31 ± 0.23;in PE group was 1.67 ±0.25,1.55 ±0.34 ;in PE + FGR group was 2.78 ±0.41,3.07 ±0.51.The TNF-α and MSIN protein expression in PE group and PE + FGR group were significantly higher than those in normal control group(P ＜ 0.01),and there were significant differences between PE group and PE + FGR group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The placenta derived TNF-α and MSIN have more important roles in the pathogenesis of PE and normal development of fetal.It can provide coping strategies by detecting the level of placenta derived TNF-α and MSIN.

Objective The incidence rate of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) is on the rise, and yet there is no effec-tive method for its prevention and treatment .This study aimed to investigate the high risk factors of APIP and its prognostic evaluation index. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 35 cases of APIP ( group A) and another 35 cases of acute pancre-atitis in non-pregnancy as controls (group B).We compared the etiologic factors of acute pancreatitis , changes of laboratory indexes after onset of the disease , and clinical outcomes between the two groups . Results No statistically significant differences were found in the risk factors between the two groups (χ2 =0.233, P>0.05).Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were remarkably higher in group A ([15.69 ±7.71] and [15.54 ±7.82] mol) than in B ([5.07 ±2.95] and [3.82 ±2.58] mol) (P<0.05).There were significant differences between groups A and B in WBC count ([19.00 ±5.31] vs [14.98 ±9.77] 109/L), Hb ([82.77 ±11.77] vs [101.77 ±1.50] g/L), and serum Glu ([8.77 ±2.76] vs [6.23 ±1.99] mol/L)(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression a-nalysis showed the predictive value of cholesterol and triglyceride levels for APIP and a correlation of WBC and Hb with the clinical out -comes of the patients.The in-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in group A than in B (χ2 =3.968, P=0.046), and so was the incidence rate of severe acute pancreatitis (χ2 =5.510, P=0.019). Conclusion Biliary diseases are the main high risk factors of APIP, followed by hyperlipidemia .Triglyceride and cholesterol levels have the predictive value for APIP .The WBC count and Hb level can be used to assess the patients′condition and predict the clinical outcomes .

Objective To evaluate the value and accuracy of M-mode color Doppler echocardiography for detecting left ventricular diastolic function in patients with cardiac disease. Methods The rate of left ventricular filling flow propagation (Vp) and the early -diastolic peak velocity of the mitral annulus(E) was measured in normal subjects(n=40)and in patients with cardiac disease (n=40). All the patients had abnormal left ventricular diastolic function confirmed by isotope-angiography test. Results ① The Vp was significantly lowered in patients with cardiac disease than in normal subjects(P

In the modernization course of Chinese materia medica(CMM),two misunderstanding mistakes which are out of line with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory and excessively emphasize the research of CMM compound prescription and two difficult points which are the establishment of CMM quality control system and the establishment of CMM evaluation system were pointed out.Because the main means of TCM syndrome differentiation treatment and TCM combination therapy is CMM processing pieces and the starting point of the research of CMM efficacy substantial basis should be CMM processing pieces,the priority of the modernization of CMM should be the research on modern CMM processing pieces and the conditions have been mature now.The research on modern CMM pieces were supposed to take three steps:the research on "standardized extract",the research on "effective fraction" and the research on the CMM nature of "effective fraction".

The prevalence of violence behavior in patients with schizophrenia is higher than that in common population. Data suggest that genetic factors may play a substantial role for the etiology of the behavior. Among the particular gene polymorphisms that have been considered to be involved in violence behavior, the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene had been the focus of recent research. This article reviews the association research between COMT gene and violence behavior in patients with schizophrenia in several aspects: SNP polymorphism of COMT Val158Met and COMT Ala72Ser, haplotype of COMT gene and DNA methylation of promoter region of COMT gene. The genetic research direction is presented for patients with schizophrenia.
Aggression ; Catechol O-Methyltransferase/genetics* ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Schizophrenia/genetics* ; Violence

Objective To investigate the influence of indenter diameter on fracture strength and fracture mode of IPS e. max all-ceramic crowns using mechanical experiments and three-dimensional finite element (3-DFE) method, to validate the 3-DFE model using mechanical experiments, and to provide a guideline for occlnsal surface design for IPS e. max all-ceramic crowns. Methods A 3-DFE model of an all-ceramic crown on a molar was established using ANSYS10.0 software. The 3-DFE crown was loaded occlusally at three points to simulate the contact points of a hemispherical indenter loading on the crown. Two indenter diameters (4 mm and 10 mm) were designed by changing loading point, load level and its direction. The stress distribution and the principal stress in the 3-DFE model were calculated. Meanwhile, IPS e. max ceramic crowns were made on a laboratory model and loaded with indenters. The diameters of the indenters were also 4 mm and 10 mm respectively. Fracture mode and fracture-resistance of the crowns were recorded. Results The principal stress increased as load increases for both small and large indenters. Stress concentrated in the central fossa of the 3-DFE crown when loaded with the small indenter. Stress concentration appeared in the middle area of the occlusal surface mesio-distally when 3-DFE crown was loaded with large indenter. The fracture-resistance load was 600 N to 700 N for 4 mm diameter indenter, and 2500 N to 2750 N for 10 mm diameter indenter. Mechanical experiments indicated the same results as those from 3-DFE analysis. Conclusions Both the three-dimensional finite element analysis and the mechanical experiment showed the same results. When loaded with 4 mm diameter indenter, fracture occured in the central fossa of the crown, however, 10 mm diameter indenter usually caused extensive crown damage.

Aim To investigate whether melatonin ( MT) can alleviate endoplasmic reticulum( ER) stress at an early stage of bleomycin( BLM)-induced lung fi-brosis in mice. Methods Adult healthy male ICR mice were divided randomly into control group, MT group, BLM group and MT + BLM group. In MT group, mice had saline treatment 30 minutes after hav-ing the intraperitoneal injection of MT (10 mg·kg-1 ) and had been intraperitoneally injected with MT once in the following every 24 hours. In BLM group, mice were intratracheally injected with a single dose of BLM (5 mg·kg-1). In MT+BLM group, mice had been intraperitoneally injected with BLM 30 minutes after having MT and had been injected with MT once in the following every 24 hours. In control group, mice re-ceived the same level of saline treatment in the same manner. All mice were dissected for collecting the tis-sue of lungs at different time points (24h, 72h) after BLM treatment. Inflammatory cell infiltration of lungs was determined by HE staining. The level of ER stress related proteins ( GRP78 , p-eIF2α, p-IRE1α) in lungs was determined using Western blot. The distribu-tion of ER stress related proteins ( GRP78 , p-IRE1α, ATF6α, p-PERK) in lungs was detected by immuno-histochemistry. Results The model of BLM-induced acute inflammation of lung fibrosis in mice had been successfully constructed. After BLM treatment, lung weight, lung weight ratio and inflammatory cell infiltra-tion were significantly increased with a significant cor-relation between time and effectiveness. After MT treatment, lung weight, lung weight ratio and inflam-matory cell infiltration were significantly reduced. The results of Western blot showed that MT pretreatment not only prevented the increase of BLM-induced GRP78 protein significantly, but also restrained the phosphorylation of eIF2α and IRE1α in mouse lungs. Immunohistochemistry also showed that MT pretreat-ment reduced the expression of GRP78 , p-IRE1α, ATF6α and p-PERK. Conclusion MT alleviates ER stress effectively at an early stage of BLM-induced lung fibrosis in mice.

Objective To explore the relationship between dipeptidyl peptidaseⅡ(DPPⅡ) and the pathogenesis of congenital cataract.Methods Eighty SCR rats with congenital cataract were randomly divided into four groups:8,10,12 and 14 weeks groups(n=20).Normal Wistar rats at each age were used as control groups.Immunohistochemical experiments using the streptavidin-biotin immunoper-oxidase method were used to observe the immunoreactivity changes of DPPⅡ in lens in SCR rats at different time(8,10,12,14 weeks).Results The immunoreactivities of DPPⅡ in the lens epithelial cells and fibres of cataractous lenses of all ages were higher than those in control groups.At the 12th and 14th week,immunoreactive staining of DPPⅡwas found to extend into the perinuclear region.Conclusion The immunoreactivity of DPPⅡ is enhanced in cataractous rat lenses.DPPⅡ may be participated in the proteolytic modification of lens proteins during cataractogenesis.