Objective To evaluate the effects of nutritional education by "knowledge,attitude and behavior" on health improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods One hundred and sixteen patients with type 2 diabetes were selected with nutritional education intervention by "knowledge,attitude and behavior",and another 100 diabetic patients as control group with regular education for six months,to follow up their changes in awareness of diabetes-related nutritional knowledge and biochemical examinations. Results Ninety-eight patients in intervention group completed follow-up.Awareness of diabetes-related nutritional knowledge,intake of nutrients and indices of metabolism in intervention group were significantly different from those in control group,including serum level of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)[(6.1 ?0.9)% vs.(7.7?2.3)%,t=6.421,P

Tumor growth depends on the tumor microenvironment(TME).Tumor-associated neutrophils(TANs)are important inflammatory cells in TME.TANs are divided intoN1type with anti-tumor effect andN2type of tumor-promoting effect.Therefore,TANs have both beneficial and harmful aspects of the body.A large number of studies have been shown that TANs affect tumor formation,metastasis,angiogenesis and immune response,regulated by the secretion of cytokines and chemokines.This review will summarize the biological characteristics of TANs,and tumor development,prognosis and treatment of tumor as well as research progress of the relationship between TANs and tumor.

Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a dominantly inherited genetic condition. Bilateral vestibular schwannoma, which are benign tumors, composed of neoplastic Schwann cells that arise from the eighth cranial nerve, are the hallmark of NF2. Standard approaches for treatment of growing vestibular schwannoma include observation, surgical removal and radiation therapy. Molecular targeted therapies also present great prosperity in recent years. In this review, we summarize the latest progresses on the treatment of NF2-associated vestibular schwannoma.
Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neurofibromatosis 2 ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; therapy ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; therapy

Objective In order to construct the standards of review for oncology nursing professional training base by aggregating the requirement of the professional training base in multiple regions in China.Methods Delphi expert consultation method by self-designed questionnaire were conducted among 21 nursing educators in medical university,nursing administrators,oncology clinicians,oncology clinical nurse specialists in hospitals.Results The Cr,Cronbach's α was 0.825,0.980.A standards of review for oncology nursing professional training base included 5 first-level indicators,19 second-level indicators and 76 third-level indicators after three rounds of consultation.Conclusions The 100-item for standards of the review is reliable and valid,which can provide objective and quantitative standards for evaluation,assessment and access of oncology nursing professional training base.

Objective To promote the development of oncologic nursing by establishing the accreditation standards for oncologic nursing professional training base.Methods In the early stage Delphi method was used to make a consultation with 21 experts for the construction of accreditation standards for oncologic nursing professional training base.Then the weights of each level was determined by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).Results Five first-level indicators were established,including oncologic nursing,clinical practice teaching staff,training management,the basic conditions of the department and the basic conditions of the hospital,their weights were 0.385 5,0.248 4,0.160 0,0.121 3 and 0.084 9.Conclusions The accreditation standards for oncologic nursing professional training base is constructed by AHP.It can make the accreditation standards more scientific and reliable to provide a quantitative basis for the review.

Objective To determine the feasibility and the optimal dose reduction of AIDR 3D on piglet chest CT which can provide image quality (IQ) comparable to filtered back projection (FBP).Methods Twenty-nine normal pigs with the weight of 3-12kg underwent 640-slice MDCT chest CT (Aquilion one,Toshiba) for 5 times with 80 kvp and various mAs.SureExposure3D technique were used and the index of noise were set to SD 10.0,12.5,15.0,17.5,20.0(Group A,B,C,D,E) to reduce dose successively.Group A were reconstructed with FBP,Group B,C,D,E were reconstructed using AIDR 3D (strong level).Quantitative image noise and signal to noise ratio(SNR) were measured in each group.Two radiologists graded subject image quality on both lung images (artifacts,central airway,lung tissue) and mediastinal images (mediastinal structure) and overall image quality using a 5-point scale in a blinded manner.Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD test were used for comparisons of objective evaluation indices (CT value,noise,SNR)and radiation dose(CTDIvo1,DLP,ED) among the five groups.The Friedman test and Wilcoxon test were used for comparisons of demographic data and for detection of differences in subjective evaluation of IQ among groups.A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to establish a radiation reduction threshold up to which comparable IQ(score≥4) was maintained.Results Compared with Group A[noise(15.25 ± 3.14)HU,SNR 3.23 ± 1.07],Group B,C had significant lower noise and higher SNR [noise (12.11 ± 2.75),(13.18 ± 3.16)HU; SNR 4.13 ± 1.38,3.80 ± 1.20;F =7.38,3.11,P ＜0.05].Group D,E showed no significantly different noise and SNR with Group A[noise (15.14±4.51),(15.79 ±4.17)HU;SNR 3.40± 1.56,3.45 ± 1.70;P＞0.05].Group B,C had significant better subject image quality compared with Group A (P ＜0.01).Group D had no significantly different subject image quality compared with Group A (P ＞ 0.05).Group E had 5 pigs with overall image scores of ＜ 3.The ROC curve of IQ established SD 17.5 (Group D) as optimal cut-off point (AUC 0.75,95％ CI 0.58-0.92).Group D provided equivalent subjective image score and objective IQ measurements compared with FBP images in Group A.The ED of group D was 59％ lower than that of group A[CTDIvol (1.14±0.27) mGy vs (0.47 ±0.16)mGy,F=183.83,P＜0.01].Conclusion Using AIDR 3D technique,80 kvp with SureExposure3D (SD 17.5) can provide comparable IQ compared with routine dose with FBP reconstruction,and reduce 59％ dose in piglet model.

Objective To investigate the impact ofα?lipoic acid(ALA)treatment on sepsis?induced acute kidney injury in rats and explore the mechanisms. Methods A total of 32 male SD rats were randomized into 4 groups:normal control group(group A),ALA?treated control group (group B),sepsis group(group C)and sepsis with ALA treated group(group D). Group A and B underwent sham operation,while CLP operations were conducted in group C and D. Rats in both group B and group D were then administered with 200 mg/kg ALA by oral gavage immediately after the surgical procedure. Twenty?four hours after the surgical procedure blood samples were obtained for the evaluation of creatinine,BUN,TNF?α,IL?6 and IL?1β. Rat kidneys were rapidly removed for PAS stain. Western blot was employed to determine the expression of NF?κB. Results Pathologi?cal changes of kidney were induced by sepsis and the level of creatinine,BUN,TNF?α,IL?6 and IL?1βwere significantly increased by 178%,66%, 55%,114%and 110%(P<0.01). respectively;simultaneously the phosphorylation and nuclear expression of NF?κB p65 in kidney tissues were significantly increased by 144%and 102%(P<0.01). Sepsis?induced acute kidney injury also significantly reduced the expression of IκBαby 61%(P<0.01). These changes were significantly suppressed by early ALA treatment. Compared with C group,the level of creatinine,BUN,TNF?α,IL?6 and IL?1βwere significantly decreased by 48%,26%,25%,37%and 40%(P<0.05),respectively,and the relative expression of IκBαwas increased by 103%(P<0.05). Conclusion The present study demonstrated that ALA can suppress the activation of NF?κB,thus ameliorat?ing sepsis?related acute kidney injury.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer on cell cycle,proliferation,and evaluate the feasibility of proportion of cell in different phase 　and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) as sensitive indices to assess chemotherapeutical sensitivity and therapeutical effect.MethodsForty-nine cases of locally advanced cervical cancer were divided into response group and no-response group according to the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Compared the proportion of cell in different phase and proliferation index of PCNA between two groups.The clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated after 4 weeks in the second neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen.Results In 49 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer,clinical effective of 39 cases (response group),no effective of 10 cases(no-response group).The S-phase proportion of cell in the pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy of response group[ (21.47 ± 5.21 )％ and(18.32 ±5.07)％] were higher than those of no-response group [ (9.63 ± 2.58)％ and ( 10.14 ± 2.32)％ ] (P ＜ 0.05 ).The proliferation index of PCNA of cervical cancer in the pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy of response group [ ( 81.67 ± 7.14)％ ] was higher than that of no-response group [ (66.99 ± 2.29 )％ ] (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The S-phase proportion of cell and proliferation index of PCNA in the pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy are important indexes to assess chemotherapeutical sensitivity and therapeutical effect.

OBJECTIVETo determine the regulatory effects of the circadian clock gene Per1 on cell cycle-related genes and its influence on the proliferation, apoptosis, cycle, and tumorigenicity in vivo of human oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC15 cells.

METHODSThree groups of the short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of lentivirus recombinant plasmids were designed against the RNA of Per1 and then transfected to the SCC15 cells. The optimum interference group was screened through Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and assigned as the experimental group. The transfected lentivirus plasmid without an interference effect on any gene was set as the control group (Control-shRNA). Untreated SCC15 cells were set as the blank group. The mRNA expressions of cell cycle-related genes, namely, Per1, p53, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E, Cyclin A2, Cyclin B1, CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, p16, p21, Wee1, cdc25, E2F, and Rbl1 in each group were detected through qRT-PCR. The cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle distribution in each group were evaluated through flow cytometry. The cells of the experimental group and the blank group were subcutaneously inoculated in nude mice to observe tumorigenesis.

RESULTSThree groups of Per1-shRNA lentivirus plasmids were constructed successfully. Among the groups, the Per1-shRNA- I group exhibited the highest interference effect, as indicated by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. As such, this group was set as the experimental group. The mRNA expression levels of CyclinD1, CyclinE, CyclinB1, CDK1, and Wee1 gene in the Per1-shRNA-I group were significantly higher than those in the Control-shRNA group and the SCC15 group (P < 0.05). By contrast, the mRNA expression levels of p53, Cyclin A2, p16, p21, and cdc25 in the Per1-shRNA-I group were significantly lower than those in the Control-shRNA group and the SCC15 group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of each gene between the Control-sLRNA group and the SCC15 group did not significantly differ (P > 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, E2F, and Rb1 did not significantly differed in the three groups (P > 0.05). The proliferation index of the Perl-shRNA-I group was significantly higher than those of the Control-shRNA group and the SCC15 group (P < 0.05). The apoptosis index of the Per1-shRNA-I group was significantly lower than those of the Control-shRNA group and the SCC15 group (P < 0.05). The number of S-phase cells in the Per1-shRNA-I group was significantly lower than those of S-phase cells in the Control-shRNA group and the SCC15 group (P < 0.05). The number of G2/M-phase cells in the Per1-shRNA-I group was significantly higher than those of G2/M-phase cells in the Control-shRNA group and the SCC15 group (P < 0.05). Conversely, the proliferation index, apoptotic index, and cell cycle distribution of the cells in the Control-shRNA group did not significantly differ from those of the SCC15 group (P > 0.05). The tumorigenic ability in vivo was significantly enhanced in the Per1-shRNA-I group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPer1 is an important tumor suppressor gene. Per1 can regulate a large number of downstream cell cycle-related genes. The alteration of its expression can affect cell cycle progression, proliferation, apoptosis imbalance, and tumorigenic ability in vivo. Further studies on Per1 may elucidate cancer development and provide novel effective molecular targets for cancer treatment.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Circadian Clocks ; genetics ; Cyclin D1 ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Period Circadian Proteins ; genetics ; Plasmids ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection

Objective To explore the relationship between dipeptidyl peptidaseⅡ(DPPⅡ) and the pathogenesis of congenital cataract.Methods Eighty SCR rats with congenital cataract were randomly divided into four groups:8,10,12 and 14 weeks groups(n=20).Normal Wistar rats at each age were used as control groups.Immunohistochemical experiments using the streptavidin-biotin immunoper-oxidase method were used to observe the immunoreactivity changes of DPPⅡ in lens in SCR rats at different time(8,10,12,14 weeks).Results The immunoreactivities of DPPⅡ in the lens epithelial cells and fibres of cataractous lenses of all ages were higher than those in control groups.At the 12th and 14th week,immunoreactive staining of DPPⅡwas found to extend into the perinuclear region.Conclusion The immunoreactivity of DPPⅡ is enhanced in cataractous rat lenses.DPPⅡ may be participated in the proteolytic modification of lens proteins during cataractogenesis.