Objective To evaluate the factors influencing early diagnosis and prognosis in patients with pancreatic carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 280 patients who had complete follow-up data with pancreatic carcinoma treated from January 2002 to January 2007 were reviewed retrospectively.The medical history and follow-up data were collected from all patients.Survival rate was calculated by the life table method and the Kaplan-Meier estimation.Log-rank test was used for univariate prognostic analysis and Cox regression was used for multivariate prognostic analysis.Results 91.8%of the patients were more than 40 years old and the peak age was 50～73 years old;the major presentations were abdominal pain and jaundice.Major imaging tests included B-ultrasound and CT,the sensitivity was 70.6%,95.3%,respectively;89.3%of patients had combined B-ultrasound and CT examination.The sensitivity of CA19-9 was 81.1%.The median survival time was(7.0±0.5)months.Overall survival rates at 1～5 year survival rates were 28%,9%,6%,2%,and 1%.Univariate analysis suggested that age＞65 years old,CA19-9＞mean value,TNM Ⅲ or Ⅳ stage,lymph nodes invasion,vascular invasion,and metastasis of two or more organs,non-surgical treatment,KPS score＜60 points,weight loss≥5 kg were poor prognostic factors;Cox multivariate analysis showed that treatment modalities,age,TNM stage,KPS score and ascites were independent risk factors for dismal prognosis.Conclusions The age,ascites,tumor stage and treatment modalities affected the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.Early diagnosis and treatment was important to improve the survival time of patients with pancreatic cancer.

OBJECTIVETo study psychologic features of accidentally injured children to provide basis for application of psychologic intervening measures.

METHODSEysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and Achenback child behavior capacity list (CBCL) (list for parents) were used to test accidentally injured children 7 - 11 years of age who were hospitalized (injury group) and healthy children (control group). Each group was composed of 81 cases.

RESULTS(1) Scores of P, E and N branch capacity lists in EPQ of injury group were all higher than those of control group (P < 0.05 or < 0.001). But the score of L branch capacity of control group was higher than that of injury group (P < 0.001). (2) Boys of injury group in seven factors of restlessness, violation of discipline, attack, harmful contact, schizoid anxiety, depression and body complaint and girls of injury group in seven factors of restlessness, cruelty, attack, depression, body complaint, social flinching and violation of discipline had higher scores than those in control group did (P < 0.01). (3) Detectable rate of behavior problems of injury group was 32.09% (26/81), higher than that of control group [11.11% (9/81), P < 0.001]. The odds ratio (OR) was 3.78, 95% CI was 1.66 approximately 8.59 (P < 0.01). The behavior factor had a lower sensitivity (32.1%) and a higher specificity (88.9%) and lower positive result value (74.3%). (4) Average CBCL score of boys in injury group (39.84 +/- 10.99) was higher than that of girl in injury group (34.26 +/- 10.43, P < 0.05). Boys in two factors of violation of discipline and attack, girls in factor of depression factor M had higher score than the opposite sex subjects did (P < 0.05 or 0.01). (5) Average CBCL score (37.62 +/- 11.03) of injury group was higher than that of control group (17.77 +/- 12.12, P < 0.001). Logistic multiple factor analysis showed that boys' accidentally injured factors were attack, restlessness, violation of discipline, and girls' accidentally injured factors were attack, violation of discipline and depression.

CONCLUSIONAccidentally injured children have more psychologic problems in character and behavior. Psychologic education should be given to reduce incidence of accidental injury to children.

Accident Prevention ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child Behavior ; psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Personality Inventory ; Psychology, Child ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Wounds and Injuries ; etiology ; psychology

Objective To study the influence of the small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference TMPRSS4 expression on human pancreatic cancer SW1990 cell's proliferation and invasion. Methods The four eukaryotic expression vector of TMPRSS4 gene were synthesized in vitro and were transfected transiently into human pancreatic cancer SW1990 cells. TMPRSS4 mRNA expression of transfected cells was detected by real-time RT-PCR. The most efficient eukaryotic expression vector was used to be transfected into SW1990 cells. By using G418, cell strain that can silence TMPRSS4 gene stably was screened. The TMPRSS4 mRNA expression of the stable cell strain was detected by real time PCR TMPRSS4 protein expression was detected by western blot. The proliferation ability of transfected SW1990 cells was detected by CCK-8 method. By Transwell, the invasion change of SW1990 cell was detected. Results A stable cell strain, SW1990/psi TMPRSS4, was successfully constructed, in which the expression level of TMPRSS4 could be reduced stably by RNA interference. Cell transfection efficiency was 82.9%. Compared with the control group, the TMPRSS4 mRNA and protein levels were reduced by 80.1% and 60% ,and number of penetrating cells was 118.6 ±13.4 in SW1990/psi TMPRSS4 group, which was significantly lower than those in the negative control group (157.4 ± 12.9) and control group (157.0±9.5, P <0.01). Cells invasion inhibitory rate was 24.5% in SW1990/psi TMPRSS4 group. The cell proliferation was not significantly different among all the groups. Conclusions A stable cell strain is screened successfully in which the expression level of TMPRSS4 can be reduced stably. The down-regulation of TMPRSS4 gene expression level can inhibit the invasion of SW1990 cells, but has no effect on cell proliferation.

Objective To study the exact function of human gene 5 transactivated by pre-S1 protein of hepatitis B virus(PS1TP5)by investigating the gene expression of PS1TP5 in yeast cells. Methods Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was performed to amplify the gene of PS1TP5 using the mRNA of HepG2 cells as template and the gene was cloned into pGEM-T vector.The gene of PS1TP5 was cut from pGEM-T-PS1TP5 vector and cloned into yeast expressive plasmid pGBKT7,then pGBKT7-PS1TP5 was transformed into yeast cell AH109.The yeast protein was isolated and analyzed with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) and Western hybridization.Results PS1TP5 gene was successfully amplified and identified by DNA sequencing.The digested fragment was cloned into pGBKT7 vector and transformed into yeast cell AH109.The results of SDS-PAGE and Western assay showed that the relative molecular weight of the expressed product was about 36 950,and PS1TP5 protein existed in yeast cells.Conclusion The findings suggest that PS1TP5 can be successfully expressed in yeast cell.

BACKGROUNDThe hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome includes S, C, P and X regions. The S region is divided into four subregions of pre-pre-S, pre-S1, pre-S2 and S. PS1TP5 (human gene 5 transactivated by pre-S1 protein of HBV) is a novel target gene transactivated by the pre-S1 protein that has been screened with a suppression subtractive hybridization technique in our laboratory (GenBank accession: AY427953). In order to investigate the biological function of the PS1TP5 protein, we performed a yeast two-hybrid system 3 to screen proteins from a human leukocyte cDNA library interacting with the PS1TP5 protein.

METHODSThe reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to amplify the gene of PS1TP5 from the mRNA of HepG2 cells and the gene was then cloned into the pGEM-T vector. After being sequenced and analyzed with Vector NTI 9.1 and NCBI BLAST software, the target gene of PS1TP5 was cut from the pGEM-T vector and cloned into a yeast expression plasmid pGBKT7, then "bait" plasmid pGBKT7-PS1TP5 was transformed into the yeast strain AH109. The yeast protein was isolated and analyzed with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting hybridization. After expression of the pGBKT7-PS1TP5 fusion protein in the AH109 yeast strain was accomplished, a yeast two-hybrid screening was performed by mating AH109 with Y187 containing a leukocyte cDNA library plasmid. The mated yeast was plated on quadruple dropout medium and assayed for alpha-gal activity. The interaction between the PS1TP5 protein and the proteins obtained from positive colonies was further confirmed by repeating the yeast two-hybrid screen. After extracting and sequencing of plasmids from blue colonies we carried out a bioinformatic analysis.

RESULTSForty true positive colonies were selected and sequenced, full length sequences were obtained and we searched for homologous DNA sequences from GenBank. Among the 40 positive colonies, 23 coding genes with known functions were obtained, including Homo sapien leukocyte adhesion protein p150, 95, interleukin 2 receptor gamma chain, PALM2-AKAP2 protein (PALM2-AKAP2), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A, beta-2-microglobin, solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), calreticulin, asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1), MHC class II lymphocyte antigen, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, lymphocyte antigen 86 (LY86) and lymphocyte cytosolic protein 1. One novel gene with unknown function was found and named as PS1TP5BP1. After being electronically spliced, it was deposited in GenBank (accession number: DQ471327).

CONCLUSIONSGenes of proteins interacting with PS1TP5 were successfully screened from leukocyte cDNA library. These results suggested that PS1TP5 was closely correlated with immunoregulation, carbohydrate metabolism, signal transduction, the formation of hepatic fibrosis and initiation and development of tumors and also brought some new clues for further studying the biological functions of the pre-S1 protein.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; Gene Library ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; Protein Interaction Mapping ; Protein Precursors ; genetics ; physiology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Transcriptional Activation ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques ; Yeasts ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of gene expression of surfactant protein A in Chinese premature infants and the association between surfactant protein A and the risk of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

METHODSVein-blood samples (2 mL) from 18 Chinese premature infants with RDS and 28 controls were assayed for SP-A genotypes 6A2, 6A3, 1A0 and 1A1 by SSCP.

RESULTSThe frequency of allele distribution of SP-A1 allele 6A2 and 6A3 was 0.50 and 0.056 respectively in the RDS group and was 0.214 and 0.107 in the control group. Compared with the controls, SP-A1 allele 6A2 was over-represented in the RDS group (P<0.05). In contrast, SP-A1 allele 6A3 tended to be under-represented in the RDS group but there was no statistical difference when compared with the controls. The frequency of allele distribution of SP-A2 allele 1A0 and 1A1 was 0.722 and 0.667 respectively in the RDS group and was 0.679 and 0.821 respectively in the control group. There were no significant differences in the distribution frequency of SP-A2 allele 1A0 and 1A1 between the two groups. In the infants born at gestation >32 weeks, SP-A1 allele 6A2 was over-represented in the RDS group compared with the control group (frequency: 0.56 vs 0.15; P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe frequency of SP-A1 allele 6A2 and 6A3 was low, in contrast, the frequency of SP-A2 allele 1A0 and 1A1 was high in normal Chinese premature infants. SP-A1 allele 6A2 may be a susceptible gene for RDS.

Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A ; genetics ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; etiology ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of calcitonin receptor (CTR) gene polymorphism with bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

METHODSCTR genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 184 premenopausal women and 199 postmenopausal women in Shanghai area. BMD at lumbar spine (L2-4) and femoral neck (FN) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).

RESULTSThe distribution of CTR genotypes in 383 Shanghai women were CC genotype 83.8%, TC genotype 14.6%, TT genotype 1.6%, respectively. BMD at FN of CC genotype was significantly higher than TC and TT genotypes (P < 0.01) in postmenopausal women. But there was no difference in BMD of different CTR genotypes in premenopausal women. Multiple regression analysis showed that CTR genotypes were associated with FN BMD in postmenopausal women (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe polymorphism of CTR gene was associated with BMD in postmenopausal women.

Adult ; Alleles ; Bone Density ; Female ; Femur Neck ; Genotype ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Postmenopause ; Premenopause ; Receptors, Calcitonin ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo assess the metastatic frequency in different groups of lymph nodes and its influencing factors of the thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in order to determine the extent of lymphadenectomy during esophagectomy.

METHODSThe clinical data of 730 patients with ESCC who underwent esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSOf 730 patients, 166 had metastasis to the para-esophageal lymph nodes (22.7%), 90 to the left gastric artery lymph nodes (12.3%), 67 to the lymph nodes around gastric cardia, and 15 to the subcrinal lymph nodes (2.1%). Univariate analysis showed that metastasis to the subcrinal lymph node was positively correlated with the length and differentiation of tumor (P < 0.05), but it was not correlated with any the above parameters when analyzed by multivariate analysis. The metastasis to the para-esophageal lymph node was positively correlated with the length, invasion depth and differentiation of tumor by univariate and multivariate analysis (P < 0.05). The metastasis to the lymph nodes around gastric cardia and metastasis to left gastric artery lymph nodes were positively correlated with the position and invasion depth of tumor by univariate and multivariate analysis (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONLymph nodes of the para-esophagus, gastric cardia and left gastric artery usually have high frequency to harber mestastasis, therefore, it was suggested that the lymph nodes in these groups should be dissected during esophagectormy with two-field lymphadenectomy for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Whereas for those patients with the lesion < 3 cm in length or with tumor invasion confined within the esophageal wall or with a lesion located at the upper or lower third of the thoracic esophagus, the subcrinal lymph nodes may not be necessarily dissected.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Cardia ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; methods ; Esophagus ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo establish a stable method for obtaining large quantity of highly purified immature dendritic cells (imDCs) in vitro, and identify the morphology, function and surface markers of the cells.

METHODSCD117(+) hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were isolated and purified from the bone marrow of healthy C57 mice by magnetic affinity cell sorting. After cell expansion by treatment with stem cell factor (SCF) and interleukin-3 (IL-3), the HSCs were induced for directional differentiation into imDCs by treatment with GM-CSF, IL-4 and IL-10. The imDCs obtained were identified by morphological and functional observation under inverted microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, followed by detection of the expressions of the surface markers using flow cytometry.

RESULTSAfter 3, 5 and 7 days of culture in the presence of SCF+IL-3, the cells were expanded by 10.34-/+1.43, 22.65-/+2.71 and 54.39-/+3.08 folds, respectively. The HSCs were successfully induced to differentiate into imDCs with phagocytotic activity. The dendrites of the imDCs were short small, and appearing spinous. The expressions of surface markers were detected from the cells showing the phenotype of CD11c(+), I-A/I-E(low), CD40(-), CD80(-), CD86(-).

CONCLUSIONThe method described allows steadily acquisition of large quanty of highly purified imDCs and of their effective identification in vitro.

Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit

Anti-H antibody belongs to IgM type cold antibody, which often induces the unconformity of positive and reverse typing and leads to the difficulty in clinical blood typing. Anti-H antibody was found during identification of the counter blood group in 3 cases. The antibody was found to be active at 37 degrees C, room temperature and 4 degrees C when determined by blood group serology, and was finally analyzed to be IgM. It is suggested that not to give erythrocytes of O group unreasoningly to blood recipient of AB group during emergent moment, but instead, to give same type of blood. If there was no same type of blood during urgent events, O type erythrocytes could be employed after being matched by saline centrifuging with host side coincidence and screened by incomplete method. In this case, anti-H antibody leading to adverse-reaction in blood transfusion should be prevented.
ABO Blood-Group System ; immunology ; Adult ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Female ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged