Objective To analyze the HLA-A, B local haplotype frequencies of Han population in Northwest China. Methods The results of HLA-A, B local polymorphism were obtained by using the PCR-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (SSOP) reverse dot blot. Haplotype was inferred by the heredity law of HLA. Results The high haplotype frequencies were A02-B46, A30-B13, A02-B40. Linkage disequilibrium parameters of 11 haplotypes had significant differences. Conclusion The HLA-A, B local haplotype frequencies of Han population in Northwest China differ from those of Han population in other areas. The haplotypes A30-B13, A01-B37 and A32-B44 present significant linkage disequilibrium.

Objective To report the HLA data of volunteer donors of Chinese bank from Northwest China and characterize the distribution of HLA genes in Northwest China. Methods HLA-A, B antigens of 2315 volunteer donors were examined by the method of microlymphocytetoxicity (MLT) test .The antigen frequencies(AF) were assessed by directly counting; and based on that gene frequencies(GF) were calculated. HLA data from other population were collected and distribution characteristics were compared. With the raw data, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, statistical parameters of forensic medicine interest for HLA were computed. Results A total of 18 specific antigens were detected in HLA-A and the most frequent antigen was A2 . AF and GF were 0.5136 and 0.3026, respectively. A total of 42 specific antigens were detected in HLA-B and the most frequent antigen was A13. Its AF and GF were 0.1978 and 0.1044, respectively. The heterozygosity(H), polymorphism information content(PIC), discrimination power(DP) and probability of paternity exclusion (PPE) of HLA-A were 0.8215, 0.8212, 0.9356 and 0.7798 accordingly; while H,PIC, DP and PPE of HLA-B were 0.9322, 0.9322, 0.9878 and 0.9528. Conclusion The polymorphism of HLA-A,B genes is characteristic in Chinese. In this research, the genetic trait of HLA in 2315 volunteers is consistent with Northern Han population.

OBJECTIVE To explore the isolation,distributive characteristics and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii producing AmpC enzyme in nosocomial infection.METHODS The distributive sections and infected parts of 42 A.baumannii strains in nosocomial infection were analyzed,and three dimensional test was used to(detect) AmpC enzyme.RESULTS Among them 18(42.86%) strains were AmpC positive.Among 40 strains of A.baumannii in non-nosocomial infection,6(15.00%) strains were AmpC positive.A.baumannii in nosocomial(infection) in clinical sections was mainly discovered in burn department,and the respiratory tract and skin soft tissue were the main infected sites(90%).The drug resistance in nosocomial infection was obviously higher than that of A.baumannii in non-nosocomial one.CONCLUSIONS The isolated rate and drug resistance rate of A.baumannii producing AmpC enzyme are rather high in nosocomial infection.It′s(neccessary) to take measures to prevent the nosocomial infection caused by A.baumannii.

Objective To investigate the effect of berberine on growth and apoptosis of human cervical cancer cell line HeLa and its possible mechanism.Methods The effect of berberine on growth of HeLa cells was studied by MTT assay.Apoptosis of HeLa cells exposed to berberine was observed by flow cytometry and DNA gel electrophoresis.The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was studied by Western blotting analysis.Results Berberine markedly inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner.After incubation of HeLa cells with 20 and 40 mg/L berberine for 48 h,DNA Ladder can be observed.A typical "sub-G1 peak" was checked by flow cytometry.There was a very low rate of natural apoptosis(1.9?0.6)%,while in 5 mg/L berberine group,the apoptosis rate was(2.3?0.8)%.After exposing HeLa cells for 48 h to 20 and 40 mg/L berberine,the apoptosis rate reached(16.7?2.8)%(P

Objective To evaluate a combination therapy for huge tumors in the buttocks.Methods A total of 11 patients from our hospital were collected,among them 5 cases were of hemangioma,4 cases of neurofibroma,2 cases of soft tissue sarcoma.Before definite surgical resection all cases received tumor embolization with silk thread and gelatin-sponge article using Seldinger's technic.Subsequently,all patients underwent a successful tumor resection. Results Superselective embolization for all the cases'feeding arteries resulted in recession of the tumors and relatively well-demarcated margins,and all the lumps became softer.and the local pain was alleviated.Surgical resection could be radical with avoidance of fatal intraoperative hemorrhage.The 5 cases of hemangioma had a average operative bleeding of 450 ml,4 cases of neurofibroma had 420 ml,2 cases of soft tissue sarcoma had 150 ml.No patients needed intraoperative and postoperative blood transfusion.The operation time was about 2-3 hours,the normal tissues were preserved and the contour and function of the diseased limbs were very good.One case had a delayed incision healing,and the others had a healing by the first intention.There was no recurrence and other complications (like deep venous thrombosis)during a follow-up period of 4-8 months. Conclusions Surgical resection combined with interventional embolism for the treatment of huge tumors in the buttocks can reduce the risk of bleeding effectively during operation.It can improve the success rate of operation leading to satisfactory results.

A total of 167 coronary heart disease (CHD) patients were divided into metabolic syndrome (MS) group (68 cases) and non-MS group (99 cases). There were significant differences in the disease-related metabolic indicators and coronary angiography (multivessel lesions, diffuse stenosis, occlusive lesions, Ginsini score) between MS group and non-MS group ( all P<0.05 ). When the patients with MS were divided into 3 groups according to the number of componernts of MS, three lesions, diffuse stenosis, and occlusive lesions were more frequent in five components group compared with three components group. Ginsini points rised with the increased risk factors. There existed differences in Ginsini score between three components group and four, five components group (P<0. 05 or P<0.01 ). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that obesity, hypertension,diabetes, high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were the predictors of CHD in patients with MS (P<0.05 or P<0.01 ).

Objective To investigate the association with death for serum parameters at the time of diagnosis and its value in predicting the death in infants with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS).Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 108 children with HPS who were admitted to our center between July 2005 and July 2012.For each patient,demographic,laboratory data and outcome information were collected.The patients were divided into death and surviving groups based on the follow-up results.The relation between serum markers and death was examined using the COX proportional hazards model and decision tree.Results Of 108 infants with HPS,33 died corresponding to a fatality rate of 30.6％ and 90.3％ of deaths occurred within 8 weeks after diagnosis.Following features were significantly associated with death:white blood cells (WBC) ＜5 x 109/L (HR =9.08,95％ CI 3.07 ～ 26.87),hemoglobin ＜80 g/L (HR =6.15,95％ CI 1.68 ～ 22.49),albumin ＜ 28 g/L (HR =4.63,95％ CI 1.12 ～ 7.39),serum ferritin ＞ 1 100 μg/L (HR =3.05,95％ CI 1.28 ～ 16.75),trigeminal ganglion ≥4 mmol/L (HR =2.88,95％ CI 1.51 ～ 8.60),and prothromin time ≥ 16 s (HR =3.60,95 ％ CI 1.28 ～ 7.24),and fever for more than 2 weeks (HR =5.39,95％ CI 1.97 ～ 14.66).Decision tree demonstrated that the probability of death was as high as 100％ for infants with WBC ＜5 x 109/L and hemoglobin ＜ 80 g/L.The odds of dying was still 66.7％ for infants who had WBC≥5 × 109/L but reported trigeminal ganglion ≥4 mmol/L after having fever for more than 2 weeks.Conclusion The first 8 weeks after the onset of HPS is the critical period of treatment.There are several easily available serum predictors of early mortality in HPS infants,particularly the WBC and hemoglobin level,which may help guide treatment decisions.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT)or aspartate aminotransferase (AST)apportioned by the same hepatic parenchyma cell volume and liver histological necroinflammation grades in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB)patients.Methods A total of 145 CHB patients were divided into four groups:Gl,G2,G3 and G4 based on the liver histological necroinflammation grade.The serum ALT and AST levels were determined by automatic biochemical instrument in these four groups.Furthermore,serum ALT and AST levels were then apportioned by the same hepatic parenchyma cell volume.The data were analyzed by ANOVA.Results Mean serum ALT levels in G1,G2,G3 and G4 groups were (35.3±29.1),(91.6±120.4),(111.6± 116.1)and (118.0±122.1)U/L,respectively,and the serum ALT levels apportioned by same hepatic parenchyma cell volume were ( 54.0 ± 45.1 ),( 144.2 ± 184.9 ),(191.3± 204.8)and (215.1 ± 226.5)U/L,respectively.The pairwise comparison between G1 and other three groups all showed statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).Meanwhile,AST levels in G1 to G4 groups were (35.5± 29.0),(64.9±71.7),(96.0±81.9)and (102.8±77.0)U/L,respectively and the serum AST levels apportioned by the same hepatic parenchyma cell volume were (54.3±44.6),(102.3± 107.9),(165.2±148.7)and (189.4±145.4)U/L,respectively.The pairwise comparison between G1 and G3,G1 and G4,G2 and G3,G2 and G4 all showed statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusion Both AST and ALT levels are sensitive indicators for liver inflammation grading in HBeAg-negative CHB patients during the natural history of the disease.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction technology of Duoxuekang. METHODS:Using comprehensive score of salidroside,gallic acid content and extraction yield as indexes,U6(63)uniform design was designed to optimize the liquid-solid ra-tio,ethanol volume fraction and extraction time of Duoxuekang,then optimize extraction times,and verification test was conduct-ed. RESULTS:The optimal extraction technology was as follows as 50% ethanol,liquid-solid ratio of 1:14,soaking time of 1.5 h,reflux extraction for 1 h and repeated twice;the average extraction yield in 3 tests was 50.18%,contents of salidroside and gal-lic acid were 1.82 mg/g,16.54 mg/g (RSD≤0.84%,n=3). CONCLUSIONS:The optimized extraction technology for Duox-uekang is reasonable,simple and feasible.

Chinese medicine and Tibetan medicine both belong to the traditional medicine, and have their unique background and theoretical systems. There are similar features and differences in diagnosis of disease, syndrome and treatment between Chinese medicine and Tibetan medicine. Tibetan Zhenbu disease is common and frequently-occurring in plateau area with high morbidity, which is corresponding to rheumatoid arthritis in modern medicine and the category of Bi syndrome in Chinese medicine. During a long period of clinical efficacy verification, Tibetan treatment of Zhenbu disease presents to be little side effects, good curative effect, safe and economic etc. In the review, according to the introduction of Tibetan medicine and Chinese medicine, Zhenbu disease of Tibetan medicine and Chinese Bi syndrome will be compared in their pathogeneses and treatments to understand advantages and peculiarities of Tibetan medicine. The development of Tibentan medicine in the future will also be pointed out.