OBJECTIVETo verify the mechanism of the hepatitis B viral clearance using clinical data.

METHODSViral level and HBV marker in serum were analyzed in 12 patients with acute hepatitis B.

RESULTSThe clearance of hepatitis B virus occurred before the patients were hospitalized in 66.7% of patients. The viral level and the A value of HBsAg;HBeAg declined gradually during hospitalization.

CONCLUSIONSIn most of patients with acute hepatitis B in the study, the virus was cleared without destruction of infected cells.

Adult ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; virology ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To examine the expression of TLR7/8 in monocytes purified from HIV-1 infected individuals and to study its association with disease progression. Methods Sixty-three HIV-1 infected individuals and 18 normal controls were enrolled. Monocytes were purified by MACS system and RNA of them was extracted by RNA mini kit of QIAGEN company. TLR7/8 expression was tested by real-time RT-PCR with ABI7500. Results It was found that the expression of TLR7 was strongly correlated with absolute CD4 count (r =0.614, P＜0.01) , so was TLR8 (r =0.419, P＜0.01). The expression of TLR7 in slow progressor (SP) group was higher than that in HIV-1 infected patients group, AIDS patients group and normal group (P ＜ 0. 05 ) . HIV group and normal group were strongly higher than AIDS group (P ＜ 0. 05). It was no significant differentiation of expression of TLR7 between HIV infection group and normal control group. The expression of TLR8 in SP group and normal group were significantly higher than that in AIDS group (P ＜ 0. 05). The expression of TLR8 was no singnificantly difference between SP group and HIV group or normal control group, so was it between HIV group or normal control group and AIDS group. Conclusion The expression of TLR7/8 in monocytes from HIV-1 infected patients significantly correlated with disease progression.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the sensitizing potential of Shuanghuanglian Injection (SHL) by comparing the popliteal lymph node (PLN) response in mice induced by SHL and chemicals.

METHODSSixty female C57BL/6J mice were equally and randomly divided into six groups, i.e. the blank control group (A) and five treated groups treated respectively with phenobarbital 1 mg/mouse (B), mercuric chloride ( HgCl2) 50 microg/mouse (C), D-penicillamine 2 mg/mouse (D), and SHL in low (1 mg/mouse) and high (5 mg/mouse) dosages (E and F) via subcutaneous injection into left pad of hind foot. Animals were sacrificed on the 8th day after injection, their bilateral PLNs were isolated and weighed respectively to calculate the PLN mass index (MI). Then the PLNs get from four mice in each group were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde solution for histopathologic examination; the other six PLNs were prepared into single-cell suspensions to calculate cell index (CI) for comparing the changes of PLN in various groups.

RESULTSMI and CI in Group F reached to > or = 2 and > or = 5 (average) respectively, which was higher than those in Group A (P<0.05). Pathological examination showed that the left PLN in Group F enlarged, with remarkable germinal center and increased high endothelial venules proliferation.

CONCLUSIONSHL could induce significant PLN response in C57BL/6J mice, suggesting it has certain sensitizing potential.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Female ; Hypersensitivity ; pathology ; Local Lymph Node Assay ; Lymph Nodes ; drug effects ; immunology ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Objective To determine a suitable standard of hirsutism for Chinese polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)patients living in Shandong region.Methods A total of 623 unbiased women from the general population in Jinan city,131 PCOS patients and 84 controls from outpatients in Shandong region were studied with questionnaires,physical and pelvic ultrasound examination,body hair on 11 sites were evaluated,and 9(lip,chin,arm,thigh,chest,upperbelly,lowerbelly,upperback,lowback)of them which were called hormone Ferriman-Gallwey(F-G)score and 2(forearm,leg)sites of indifferent hormone score were calculated according to the score system described by Ferriman and Gallwey.Results(1)Both body hair F-G score and indifferent hormone score distribution mode in the≤40 years old population were un-normal and both the 95th percentages of score were 2.(2)The hirsutism was significantly higher in PCOS patients[48.1%(63/131)]than in controls[4.8%(4/84)]by F-G score≥2(X~2=47.68,P

Objective To develop diabetic nephropathy hemodialysis(DN HD) self-management scale and evaluate its reliability and validity,and to provide a measurement tool for the assessment of self management status in patients with DN HD.Methods The original item pool was formulated through literature review and the theory of chronic disease self-management.After specialist evaluation and pre-investigation,the preliminary scale was developed,then it was used to investigate 150 DN HD patients,and a series of statistic analysis was conducted to deduce the items to 30,the reliability and validity of the scale also were tested.Results The response rate of acceptance test was 90.7％ and effective rate was 94.1％.The total Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.836,and the Cronbach's α coefficient of each dimension of the scale ranged from 0.701 to 0.822 ; the retest reliability was 0.970 ; the content validity index (CVI) was 0.925.Self-efficacy for managing chronic disease scale was used as the criterion,positive correlation was found between self-efficacy and self-management (P ＜0.01).Six common factors were extracted by factor analysis,and the cumtlative contribution rate was 54.042％,these were consistency with the expected structure.Conclusions The DN HD self-management scale has good reliability,validity and feasibility,which can be applied to evaluate the self-management status of DN HD patients.

A creatininase produced from a Arthrobacter sp. was purified 145-fold by a series of steps including heat treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Cellulose ion-exchange and hydrophobic chromatography. The specific activity of the pure enzyme was 209u/mg. The subunit molecular mass of creatininase was estimated to be 33 700D by SDS-PAGE. The creatininase was stable in the pH range between 6.0 - 9.0 and below 60 degrees C . Its Km value for creatinine was estimated to be 21.14 mmol/L. The enzyme was markedly inactivated by incubation with 1 mmol/L of Hg2+, Ag2+, Li+, Cu2+ and 20 mmol/L of 1, 11-Phananthroline respectively. Activation was observed when the enzyme was incubated with 1 mmol/L of Co2+ and Mn2+.
Amidohydrolases ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Arthrobacter ; enzymology ; Bacterial Proteins ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose ; methods

Objective To explore the pathological features of lung tissue in mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and their association with inflammatory factors.Methods A total of 70 patients who underwent surgery for small lung nodule were prospectively included,and were divided into the normal group(n=10),the mild COPD group(n=50)and the moderate and severe COPD group(n=10).The pathological changes of lung tissue were evaluated after HE,Masson and EVG staining.The expression levels of SMA,Actin and CD31 proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry staining.Tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin-10(IL-10)protein and mRNA levels were detected by immunohistochemistry and qPCR.Results Pulmonary tissue in mild COPD showed widening of alveolar septum,dilation of small airways,mild thickening of blood vessel wall and inflammatory reaction dominated by lymphocyte infiltration.Immunohistochemistry staining showed that contents of SMA and Actin proteins in mild COPD lung tissue were higher than those in the normal group(P＜0.05).In addition,the TNF-α mRNA and the positive rate of TNF-α in lung tissue of mild COPD were significantly higher than those in the normal group,while the IL-10 mRNA was significantly lower than that of the normal group(all P＜0.05).SMA and Actin were positively correlated with the positive expression of inflammatory cytokine TNF-α,but negatively correlated with the positive expression of IL-10(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The main pathological changes of lung tissue in mild COPD include small lung blood vessel remodeling ocharacterized by thickening of small blood vessel smooth muscle layer and lymphocyte-dominated inflammatory response,while the increase of pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α and decrease of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 are associated with pathological changes of COPD.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of intensive insulin therapy on inflammatory response and prognosis of patients with severe trauma.

METHODSEighty severely injured patients were divided into intensive insulin therapy group (n = 40, IT) and routine therapy group (n = 40, RT) in random pair. At the time of admission, a continuous infusion of insulin (2-4 U/h) was pumped into the patients of IT group to maintain blood glucose level at 6-8 mmol/L. Patients in RT group were given routine treatment without administration of insulin. Fever, organ injury, and mortality of patients in 2 groups were recorded. Venous blood was drawn from patients of 2 groups on the morning of post treatment day (PTD) 1, 3, 5, and 7. Values of TNF-alpha, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-2, and IL-10 in plasma were assayed.

RESULTSHigh fever appeared in 9 patients in IT group, and WBC exceeded 10.0 x 10(9) for more than 3 days in 17 patients in this group, versus 20 and 29 patients respectively in RT group. Dysfunction of 1 organ appeared in 31 patients in IT group and 30 patients in RT group. Dysfunction of 3 organs appeared in 10 patients in IT group and 19 patients in RT group. Dysfunction of 4 organs appeared in 7 patients in IT group and 12 patients in RT group. In IT group, 4 patients died within 3 post-injury day (PID), and 1 patient died after PID 3 (total case fatality: 12.5%). In RT group, 5 patients died within 3 PID, and 4 patient died after PID 3 (total case fatality: 22.5%). Plasma levels of TNF-alpha and CRP of patients in IT group were significantly lower than those of patients in RT group on PID 3-7 ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), while levels of IL-2 and IL-10 of patients in IT group were significantly higher than those of patients in RT group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Plasma levels of TNF-alpha (1.3 +/- 0.6 microg/L) and CRP (55 +/- 16 mg/L) of patients in IT group on PTD 7 were lowered to the trough level, and they were significantly lower than those of patients in RT group (3.0 +/- 0.8 microg/L, 89 +/- 20 mg/L, respectively, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSIntensive insulin therapy can mitigate systemic inflammatory response and improve prognosis of patients with severe trauma.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Insulin ; administration & dosage ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Wounds and Injuries ; therapy ; Young Adult

The method of monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay has a great importance in the study of quality control of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and detection of trace components in vivo animals. Synthesis of small molecule artificial antigen is the prerequisite for the establishment of this method. In present study, catalpol-BSA was synthesized by sodium periodate oxidation method. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry ( MALDI-TOF-MS) and molecular exclusion chromatography showed that catalpol was successfully conjugated with BSA. The mice could specifically produce anti-catalpol antibodies with titer up to 1:8000. The artificial antigen of catalpol was successfully synthesized.
Animals ; Antibodies ; immunology ; Antigens ; chemistry ; immunology ; Immunoassay ; Iridoid Glucosides ; chemistry ; immunology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; chemistry ; immunology

Objective:To study the relationships between neutralizing antibody response against autologous virus and disease progression of HIV-1 B'/C infected individuals in China.Methods:Twenty-four primary HIV-1 isolates were incubated with autologous plasma collected either freshly or at approximately six months intervals thereafter.Normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated with the virus-serum mixtures for 7 days and then the production of p24 antigen was measured.The neutralizing titer of a particular plasma and virus was defined as the reciprocal of the highest dilution giving a 50% reduction in p24 Ag compared with NHP control wells.More than 1∶8 were considered significant and were scored as positive.Results:In neutralizing antibody(Nabs) response against contemporaneous virus,Nabs were produced in all slow progressors(SP) individuals,while only four in 21 of HIV group had.There was statistically significance of the neutralizing antibody titers between SP and HIV.When plasma samples of six months later were tested for their ability to neutralize autologous virus,all of SPs had higher neutralizing antibody titers and the titers of neutralizing antibody in HIV group had increased in different rate.Among the twenty-one individuals of HIV group,12 of these individuals had neutralizing antibody response against autologous virus and other 9 of these individuals had not.NAb titers of SP in six months later plasma were higher than those of HIV.There was a negative correlation between the generation of the neutralizing titer against autologous virus and the plasma HIV RNA level in HIV-1 B'/C infected individuals(including SP,HIV).Conclusion:Neutralizing antibody against autologous viruses in HIV-1 B'/C infected SP is higher than those of HIV group,suggesting that neutralizing antibodies play a vital role in delaying disease progression in these individuals.