Clinicians should assume the responsibility of nutritional therapy for satisfactory outcomes. They should master knowledge on nutritional metabolism, and participate in the administration of nutritional support. Clinicians should be acquainted with new concepts and standardized techniques in this field, such as different requirement of energy, understanding of early nutritional support, and optimal regimens of enteral or parenteral nutrition.
China ; Enteral Nutrition ; Humans ; Nutritional Support ; Parenteral Nutrition

MRI system,as an imaging diagnosis equipment,plays a very important role in diagnosis and treatment.For the steady avail of MRI system,MRI eliminable faults in CBMDisc(1995~2006) were analyzed.The types and occurrence frequency of MRI eliminable faults were elaborated so as to provide reliable data for reference.

MRI system is composed of many independent subsystems, in which RF, Gradient, Coil, MRI magnet subsystem are the most important and complex subsystems. Every subsystem consists of different components. Based on the analysis of MRI eliminable faults in CBMDisc (1995 ~ 2006), the types and occurrence frequency of MRI eliminable faults are expatiated so as to provide reliable data for reference.

Based on the analysis on "China biomedical medical literature database"(CBMdisc) in the field of MRI Maintenance composed by army writers from May,1994 to 2007,the following results can be obtained: the total number of writers amounts to 75,106 person-time,27 of them are the first writers,and 11 are main writers;among the total 48 pieces of work,33 pieces are written by more then one writer;the unit with the largest number of published writers is Jinan Military Area Command with Nanjing Military Area Command the second,Lanzhou Military Area Command the third;one main writer has a maximum of 7 pieces.The research makes a close study of the army writers in field of MRI maintenance,indicating the lack of intellectual personnel in the domain of Medicine Engineering in military system.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the new drug purchasing mode using autoregressive integrated moving-average (ARIMA) prediction model for improvement of the working quality and efficiency in hospital drug storeroom.METHODS:Drug consumption data from week 1 to week 47 in 2008 were collected.According to ABC method,category A drugs were defined among which 10 kinds of drugs were sampled randomly.Based on the data of from week 1 to week 44 in 2008,software SPSS13 was applied for the modeling and fitting of ARIMA model.The established model was applied to predict the data of from week 45 to 47,with the predicated data compared with the actual consumption data.RESULTS:The predicted purchasing amount using ARIMA model were consistent with the actual consumption data,with prediction accuracy for quantity at 89.19% and prediction accuracy for whole unit of purchased drugs at 97.56%,respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Good fitting and high short-medium term predication accuracy were obtained in the prediction using ARIMA model,and which could provide scientific support for drug purchasing and help manage the drug stock reasonably without appearance of out of stock or overstock.

Technology of radiotheraphy has stepped into an era of digital photography and replaced the screen piece combination system.This thesis briefly expounds the advantages and prospect of computer X-ray photography,and discusses its problems and effective solutions in clinical practice.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of urine paraquat (PQ) concentrations combined with poisoning time and creatinine clearance rate (CCr) on prognosis of patients with acute paraquat poisoning (APP). Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted. Clinical data of 96 patients with APP admitted to Department of Emergency of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from March 2014 to May 2016 were analyzed. The gender, age, body weight, urine PQ concentrations (determined by semi-quantitative colorimetric method), poisoning time (time from oral poison to urine detection) and CCr of patients were collected, and poisoning index (poisoning index = urine PQ concentrations × poisoning time/CCr) and simplified poisoning index (simplified poisoning index = urine PQ concentrations × poisoning time) were calculated. The patients were divided into death group and survival group according to 2-month outcome after poisoned with clinical data and telephone follow-up. The urine PQ concentrations, poisoning index, and simplified poisoning index between the two groups were compared. Binary classification logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting prognosis. Receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) and diagnostic test were used to analyze the prognostic value of the parameters. Results Compared with survival group, the urine PQ concentrations [mg/L: 30.00 (10.00, 100.00) vs. 10.00 (3.00, 10.00)], poisoning index [mg·h-1·μmol-1: 12.72 (1.86, 33.75) vs. 0.56 (0.18, 1.12)], and simplified poisoning index [mg·h-1·L-1: 600.00 (150.00, 1 000.00) vs. 60.00 (18.00, 120.00)] in death group were significantly increased (all P < 0.01). It was shown by logistic regression analysis that both urine PQ concentrations [odds ratio (OR) = 1.046, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.006-1.087, P = 0.022] and poisoning index (OR = 1.353, 95%CI = 0.029-1.815, P = 0.031) were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with APP. It was shown by ROC curve and diagnostic test that the poisoning index had greater area under ROC curve (AUC was 0.902) for evaluating the prognosis of patients with APP. When the best cut-off value was greater than 1.23 mg·h-1·μmol-1, the sensitivity was 90.91%, and the specificity was 73.08%. The AUC of urine PQ concentrations for evaluating the prognosis was 0.759. When the best cut-off value was greater than 20.00 mg/L, the sensitivity was 63.64%, and the specificity was 76.92%. The AUC of simplified poisoning index for evaluating the prognosis was 0.846. When the best cut-off value was greater than 135.00 mg·h-1·L-1, the sensitivity was 81.82%, and the specificity was 76.92%. Conclusion The poisoning index calculated with urine PQ concentrations combined with poisoning time and CCr has prognostic value for prognosis of APP patients, and the prognostic value of poisoning index is greater than that of the urine PQ concentrations alone.

Objective To evaluate the outcome and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) versus endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in the management of esophageal mucosal lesion.Methods The clinical data of 70 patients with esophageal mucosal lesion were analyzed.Twenty-five patients were treated by ESD (ESD group) and 45 patients were treated by EMR (EMR group).The enbloc resection rate,tissue healing resection rate,operation time,complication and recurrence rate were compared between two groups.Results The enbloc resection rate,tissue healing resection rate in ESD group were significantly higher than those in EMR group [60.0％(15/25) vs.48.9％(22/45),48.0％(12/25) vs.40.0％ (18/45)] (P ＜0.05).The local recurrence rate in ESD group was lower than that in EMR group [4.0％ (1/25) vs.20.0％ (9/45)] (P ＜ 0.05).The severe complication such as delayed hemorrhage,perforation,stenosis between two groups had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The operation time in ESD group was (64.3 ±27.1) min,and significantly longer than that in EMR group [(27.6 ± 14.1) min] (P ＜0.05).Conclusions Compare with EMR,ESD has better enbloc resection rate,tissue healing resection rate,and lower recurrence rate.It is more safe and effective in the therapy of esophageal mucosal disease.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies have shown an association between higher insulin levels and coronary artery disease, and metabolic studies have associated insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity,and lipid disorders.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and erythrocyte insulin receptors (EIRs) in the patients with cerebral infarction (CI).DESIGN: Case-control trial.SETTING: Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University.PARTICIPANTS: From January 2004 to October 2004, 40 patients with CI, who were in-patients in China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University,were selected for the study. Meanwhile, 30 healthy doctors or nurses were recruited as normal controls.METHODS: The levels of blood glucose and serum insulin under fasting and 2-hour after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were detected in the 40 patients with CI and 30 healthy doctors or nurses. Fasting blood glucose multiplied by fasting serum insulin was insulin resistance index (IRI). The number of insulin receptors and their binding affinity on every erythrocyte were determined using modified Gambhir's method. The correlation between the number of EIRs and IRI was analyzed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of CI group with controlRESULTS: Data of 40 patients with CI and 30 controls were analyzed, and under fasting and 2-hour after OGTT: The level of serum insulin under fasting and blood glucose, serum insulin at 2-hour after OGTT in CI group were higher than those in normal group [(13.30±5.15), (9.85±4.36) mU/L,(8.27±1.65), (6.32±1.37) mmol/L, (75.21±21.12), (28.26±6.31)mU/L,P ＜ 0.01,EIRs: The number of insulin receptors with high and low affinity and maximum specific binding rate in the patients with CI were significantly less than those in normal group [20.30±4.50, 23.80±4.10; 2 223.80±509.30,2 610.10±435.10; (10.62±3.55)%, (13.21±2.94)%, P ＜ 0.01]. Multiple linear regression analysis and correlation analysis showed the numbers of two types of EIRs in the patients with CI were negatively correlated with IRI (r=-0.458, -0.439, P ＜ 0.01, both).CONCLUSION: Insulin resistance can lead to cerebral infarction. Decrease in insulin receptors may play an importance role in cerebral infarction induced by insulin resistance.

AIM: To establish a simultaneous quantitative method which was simple and rapid for mixture of ephedrine、 D-pseudo-ephedrine and amygdalin. METHODS: Ephedrine、D-pseudo-ephedrine and amygdalin in Herba Ephedrae、Semen Armeniacae Amarum、Zhisou Lixiao Tablets、Zhisou Lixiao Capsules and its semi-finished products were determinated by HPLC. RESULTS: The methodological study showed that a good linear correlation existed in the range of 0.039 68-0.892 8 ?g for ephedrine hydrochloride and 0.106 3-4.252 ?g for amygdalin, respectively. The average recovery of ephedrine hydrochloride was 98.2%(n=9) and RSD was 1.6%; The average recovery of amygdalin was 99.4%(n=9) and RSD was 2.4%. CONCLUSION: This method is simple, accurate and reproducible and with high precision. The method can be used for quality control of Chinese preparations.