As a common and frequently-occurring disease,glenohumeral instability is become one of disease which restrict upper limb activity. The diagnosis of this disease is easy, but it is very difficult to assess the degree of periarticular soft tissue injuries. With the development of magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopy, MRA become the gold standard for evaluation of glenoid labrum, joint capsule and ligaments injury. The traditional manual reduction is a fast, simple method, but often can cause adverse consequences,such as rotator cuff tear,ligament relaxation,and habitual dislocation. Open operation can rebuild stability of joint,but with many new treatment methods,especially the arthroscopic reconstruction has gradually replaced the open operation, and become the mainstream trend, but for the long-term effect of capsular tightening surgery, rotator cuff gap closure is not clear,it is need further follow-up observation.
Arthroscopy ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Shoulder Joint

Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is one of the important causes of ischemic stroke. It is of vital importance to guide clinical treatment using imaging methods to diagnose intracranial artery stenosis and accurately assess the degree of stenosis. This article reviews the advantages and shortcomings,advances and clinical application values of diagnosing intracranial artery stenosis using transcranial Doppler ultrasound,transcranial color-coded duplex sonography,intravascular ultrasound,magnetic resonance angiography,computed tomography angiography,and digital subtract angiography,which will provide references for clinicians to select ideal checking tools.

BACKGROUND:Now the filling material which is used for the treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures is mainly polymethacrylic acid (PMMA),but the PMMA as a permanent foreign body cannot promote bone regeneration,and has a downward extension of the possibility of mechanical properties with time prolonging,so a new type of filling material used to substitute PMMA is looking.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and image characteristics of different filling materials on percutaneous vertebroplasty performing on a goat model of osteoporotic compression fracture.METHODS:Three vertebral fracture models were established on osteoporosis goats by using an appropriate mechanical stress.Under the G-arm X-ray machine,the fractured vertebrae was performed with percutaneous vertebroplasty and then filled with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA),self-setting calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2(rhBMP-2)/self-calcium phosphate cement.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:① A total of 36 vertebral bodies of 12 goats were successfully performed with percutaneous vertebroplasty,and there was no significant difference in filling quantity among three materials (3.5±1.8) mL (P>0.05).Bolus resistance of PMMA was strong,but operative time was short,and the image was great;the bolus resistance of self-CPC and rhBMP-2/self-CPC was weak,operative time was long,but there was no leakage placeholde.②CT scanning results on the 2~(nd) day after surgery demonstrated that the three materials were disorderly distributed in the vertebral body,showing high-density patching shaping.Six out of 36 vertebral bodies were leakage,which was induced by PMMA (n=4),self-CPC (n=1),and rhBMP-2/self-CPC (n=1).③ Scanning electron microscope indicated that all materials in the PMMA group were not able to closely bind with host bone,but self-CPC and rhBMP-2/self-CPC were able to closely bind with host bone.The results suggested that rhBMP-2/self-CPC is characterized by long-term operation,short time of bone substitute,and stabilization of reconstructed spine.

Traditional capsule image collects and transmits analog image, with weak anti-interference ability, low frame rate, low resolution. This paper presents a new digital image capsule, which collects and transmits digital image, with frame rate up to 30 frames/sec and pixels resolution of 400 x 400. The image is compressed in the capsule, and is transmitted to the outside of the capsule for decompression and interpolation. A new type of interpolation algorithm is proposed, which is based on the relationship between the image planes, to obtain higher quality colour images. capsule endoscopy, digital image, SCCB protocol, image interpolation
Algorithms ; Capsule Endoscopy ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

This study was to examine the mechanism of oleanolic acid (OA) induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma Bel-7402 cells. MTT and trypan blue exclusion test assay were adopted to detect the proliferate status of cells treated with OA. We assayed the cell cycle by flow cytometry using PI staining. Apoptosis was determined by Annexin V-FITC staining and PI labeling. The expressions of cycle related proteins and apoptotic related proteins were determined by Western blot analysis. OA strongly inhibited human hepatoma cells proliferation. When Bel-7402 cells were pretreated with OA for 24 h, OA induced apoptosis and G₂/M phase cell cycle arrest in a concentration-dependent manner. Analysis of the cell cycle regulatory proteins demonstrated that OA decreased the protein levels of cyclin B1, but increased the protein levels of p-Cdk1 (Tyr15) and p-Cdc25C (Ser 216). Moreover, OA modulated the phosphorylation of protein kinases Chk1 and p2l. Western blotting assay also showed significant decrease of Bcl-2 protein expression and increase of Bax protein expression, the cytosol Cyt c level, cleaved-caspase-9 and cleaved-caspase-3 activity. These data suggest that OA produces anti-tumor effect via induction of G₂/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; drug effects ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; drug effects ; Oleanolic Acid ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo discuss the relative association of soft tissue tension and cervical physiological curvature chang in patients with scapula muscle fasciitis.

METHODSFrom February 2012 to December 2012,29 patients with scapula muscle fasciitis were investigated. There were 10 males and 19 females with an average age of 27.77 years old (ranged from 22 to 40 years old). Routine AP and lateral cervical X-rays were done in all patients. Cervical lordosis was measured according to Borden's method and the pain point tension was measured by soft tissue tension meter. Finally,perform statistic analysis to bove data.

RESULTSLateral X-rays showed 9 cases were normal cervical lordosis, 18 cases were cervical lordosis decreased, 2 cases were cervical lordosis increased. The regression equation of cerical lordosis changes D(Y) and soft tissue tension displacement D0.5 kg (X) was Y = -15.069 + 3.673X.

CONCLUSIONThere is linear relationship between soft tissue tension and cervical physiological curvature change. With the soft tissue tension increases, the cervical lordosis trend to decrease.

Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cervical Vertebrae ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Fasciitis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Scapula ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; physiopathology ; Pheochromocytoma ; physiopathology

Objective To compare the mid- and long-term results of tricuspid valve (TV) repair with or without an annuloplasty ring. Methods Two hundred seventy-seven patients underwent TV repair at our division (Sep. 2001 to Sep. 2008) ,of which 203 had, predominantly, a De Vega or Kay procedure (non-ring group) and 74had an annuloplasty with an artificial ring (ring group). TV pathology mainly was functional (secondary) and several with rheumatic leaflets involvement. Concomitant procedures consisted of mitral valve surgery in all patients,aortic valve surgery in 81 ,and coronary bypass in 19. Clinical and echocardiographic data followed for 1.5 to 3.5years were obtained. Results Postoperationally,the mid-term(1.5 years) follow-up was 100% completed and the long-term follow-up for 3. 5 years was 89. 9%. The recurrence of TV regurgitation (TR) of moderate and lower degree was not significantly different(χ2 = 1.3128, P= 0.26) in the 1.5 years follow-up between the two group,whereas the recurrence of TR of moderate to severity degree was significantly less in the ring group (χ2 =5. 8159,P =0.023).In the long term follow up,the TR in the ring group (25%) was significantly lower than that of 15% in the non-ring group (χ2 = 4. 9328, P = 0.036) . There are higher proportion of patients developing to moderate TR in the non ring group(34%) than in the ring group (10%) (χ2 =7. 9120,P =0.005). The TR developed fast in the ring group,increasing from 18% at 1.5 years follow up to 10% at 3.5 years follow up (χ2 = 2. 1327, P = 0.016),whereas it was relatively stable in the non-ring group,with 7% at 1.5 year follow up and 10% at 3.5 year follow up. Conclusions Placement of an annuloplasty ring in patients undergoing TV repair could remarkably improved the mid and long terum outcome. In clinic practice, we should be more positive to the functional TR and prefer to the procedure with annuloplasty ring.

Objective To provide a scientific basis for early clinical diagnosis and treatment as well as secondary and tertiary protection through 10 years inquiry of multiple organ failure in the elderly(MOFE).Results Among 153 MOFE cases,the first inducement of 89.5%(137/153) patients was infection,among which 93.4% (128/137) was pulmonary infection.The vertical percentage of the first failure organ was as follows: pulmonary (39.0%,60/154),heart (19.5%,30/154),brain (14.9%,23/154),kidney (10.4%,16/154),alimentary canal (8.4%,13/154),liver (6.5%,10/154);while the horizontal percentage was as follows: pulmonary (42.9%,60/140),heart (40.9%,56/137),kidney (32.6%,30/92),brain (21.9%,23/105),alimentary canal ( 14.5%,9/62).The survival time of the first organ failure from shortness to length was as follows: pulmonary,brain,heart,kidney.Conclusions Most MOFE cases have pulmonary failure at first.The organs failure sequence is pulmonary,heart,brain and kidney in order.

Alzhelmer's disease (AD) is an important neurodegenerative disease. Recent evidence has indicated that the production and loss of the myelin,sheath are associated with AD because the particular vulnerability of oligodendrocytes produced in the late stage makes the loss of the myelin sheath take a core position in the changes of the earliest stage of AD. The loss of the myelin sheath disrupts synchronization of impulses on which normal brain functions highly depend, and ultimately results in the function disruption of cortical association regions and subsequent neuronal loss. Meanwfiile, there are diverse mechanisms that make oligodendrocytes degeneration exist in the brains of AD. Therefore, elucidating its specific mechanism may help better understanding of AD, and thus provide some help for its treatment.