OBJECTIVETo dynamically observe the effect of Shenshuai Mixture (SM) on repair of kidney in acute renal failure (ARF) rats.

METHODSMale SD rats were divided into 4 groups randomly, the normal group, the SM group, the verapamil group and the model control group. Except those in the normal group were treated with normal saline without modeling, all remaining rats, after being made into ARF model by intra-muscular injection of glycerin, were treated with SM, verapamil and normal saline respectively via gastrogavage. Renal function, renal pathology, mRNA expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected once every day from the 1st day to the 5th day. Results (1) BUN and Scr levels increased markedly 24 hrs after modeling, but the Scr level in the two treated groups was significantly lower than that in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with that in the model group and the verapamil group, renal function was better in the SM group on the 3rd day (P < 0.01), and approach to normal level on the 5th day. (2) Renal pathological changes alleviated in every phase of ARF in the SM group than that in the model group, especially part of tubule regeneration could be seen on the 3rd day (metaphase), and renal structure was rehabilitated on the 5th day (convalescence), prior to those in the model group. (3) At the 3rd day expression of EGF mRNA and PCNA in tubule epithelial cell (TEC) increased remarkably in the SM group, higher than those in the model and verapamil group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSM could promote renal tissue regeneration and rehabilitation, and shorten the course of ARF through up-regulating mRNA expression of EGF in TEC.

Acute Kidney Injury ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of the experiential compound prescription Shenshuai compound medicine (SSCM) on acute renal failure (ARF) rats, and expose its mechanism.

METHODMale SD rats were allocated into four groups at random. Except normal group, the others were injected glycerin into the musculi to induce a model of ARF. At the same time, rats in normal and model groups were given a dose (10 mL x kg(-1)) of normal saline; rats in the other two groups were given verapamil (Vp) 40 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) and SSCM 22.5 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) respectively by gastric gavages. In this way they were killed at 24 h after injecting glycerin.

RESULTIn contrast with model group, SSCM and Vp could ameliorate the renal function of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) rats markedly, in a way protect the renal inherent cell ultrastructure such as tubular epithelial cell etc at ATN early-stage; especially SSCM could enhance NO contents in serum, and was reduce ET levels inplasma, evidently cut down TNF-alpha contents in serum, and was partly superior to Vp.

CONCLUSIONIt is indicated that SSCM can adjust thebalance of contract and stretch blood vessal active substance and clear away initiate inflammatory medium, consequently alleviate renal pathological changes, prevent and treat ARF.

Acute Kidney Injury ; blood ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Animals ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Endothelins ; blood ; Epithelial Cells ; ultrastructure ; Glycerol ; Kidney ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Kidney Tubules ; pathology ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the ability of induction of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) stimulated by dendritic cells (DCs) co-transfected with MUC1 and survivin mRNA of human pancreatic cancer,and to provide the experimental basis for the treatment of human pancreatic cancer with multi-epitope DC vaccine.Methods DCs were isolated and cultured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 6 patients with pancreatic cancer.Human pancreatic cancer cell line MiaPaCa-2 was routinely cultured,after being transcripted and amplified by RT-PCR,MUC1 and survivin mRNA were co-transfected or individually transfected into DCs by electroporation,and they were named as DC-MUC1,DC-survivin,DC-MUC1 + survivin.The expression of MUC1 and survivin mRNA in DCs were detected by real-time PCR.The survival rate of transfected DCs were determined by MTT method.The lymphocyte proliferation ability was evaluated by mixed cell culture method.The Th1 cytokine releasing of antigen-specific CTLs were measured by ELISA assay.Results Mature DCs were obtained,the positive expression rates of surface markers CD40,HLA-DR,CD83 and CD86 were 34.31％,50.21％,89.17％ and 73.62％,respectively.The expression amount of MUC1 mRNA of DC-MUC1 was 36.24 ± 5.17,and the expression amount of survivin mRNA of DC-survivin was 34.53 ± 4.02,while the expression amounts of MUC1,survivin mRNA of DC-MUC1 + surviving were 31.79 ±4.26 and 14.67 ± 2.96,which were significantly lower than that in individual transfection group (P ＜ 0.05).The survival rate of DC-MUC1 + surviving was decreased in a time dependent manner,which was significantly lower than that in individual transfection group (about 50.21％ vs 80％ at 24 h,P ＜0.05).When DC/T cells ratio was 1∶ 10,1∶ 20,the autologous T cell proliferation index of MUC1 and survivin mRNA in co-transfection DC group was significantly higher than that in individual transfection group (P ＜ 0.05) ;when DC/T cells ratio was 1∶ 40,1∶ 80,the difference of proliferation index was not statistically significant.When DC/T cells ratio was 1∶ 10,after 14 d culture,the expressions of IL-2 in DC-MUC1,DC-survivin,DC-MUC1 + surviving were (892.73 ± 32.9),(713.62 ± 56.37),(1884.37 ± 95.21) pg/ml,and the expressions of granzyme B were (501.62 ± 12.30),(203.84 ± 12.55),(1193.15 ± 86.04) pg/ml ; and the expressions of IFN-γ were (981.50 ± 47.82),(696.05 ± 41.66),(2237.94 ± 189.55) pg/mL.The corresponding values in DC-MUC1 + surviving group were significantly higher than those in individual transfection group (P ＜ 0.05) ; while the difference of IL-10 was not statistically significant.Conclusions DCs co-transfected with MUC1 and survivin mRNA have a stronger ability to stimulate specific CTL in vitro than individual antigen loaded DCs.

Objective To investigate the induction of specific anti-tumor immune response by transfected dendritic cells (DCs) with MUC1 mRNA of human pancreatic cancer,and to provide the experimental evidences for the treatment of human pancreatic cancer with DC vaccine.Methods DCs were isolated and cultured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs),and then were identified by cell morphology and surface markers.After being transcripted and amplified,MUC1 mRNA was transfected into DCs by electroporation.The expression of MUC1 in DCs at different time points was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot.The survival rate of DCs before and after tramrfection was determined by MTT method.The induction of specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response by MUC1 mRNA transfected DCs was measured by 51Cr standard cytotoxicity test.The released amount of IFN-γ was evaluated by ELISA method.Results The cultured cells appeared typical characteristics with regard to morphology and phenotype (CD40 +,HLA-DR+,CD83 +,CD86 + ).After MUC1 mRNA transfection for 48 h,the expression of MUC1 mRNA of DCs reached the highest point ( 38.43 ) and the MUC1 protein expression also reached the highest point at 72 h.The survival rate of DCs was stabilized around 80％ after transfection.The DCs transfected with MUC1 mRNA could effectively induce HLA-A2+/MUC1 + specific CTL immune responses.Stimulated by pancreatic cancer cell line Capan-2 cells or the DCs transfected with MUC1 mRNA,the IFN-γ released in 24 h by MUC1 specific CTL were ( 28.44 ± 4.96 ) U/m1 and ( 16.31 ± 2.54) U/ml,respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜0.05 ).Conclusions DCs transfected with human pancreatic cancer MUC1 mRNA could induce CTLs and produce specific anti-tumor immunity.

Objective To analyze the effect of autologous bone marrow stem cells transplantation in treatment of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Methodls Seventy-eight patients (aged from 26 to 67) with decompensated cirrhosis, including 56 with hepatitis B, 21 with alcoholic cirrhosis and 1 with schistosomial cirrhosis, were included. Bone marrow was aspirated from poster superior spine. After isolation and purification, the stem cells were transplanted into liver via hepatic artery. The liver function, laboratory parameters and Child-Tureotte-Pugh scores were evaluated in 2,4 and 8 weeks after transplantation. Results At the 4th week after transplantation, the level of albumin was increased obviously from (32.9±5.58) g/L to (38.32±6.45) g/L,whereas the alanine aminotransferase was decreased from (96.92±83.91) U/L to (73.48±18.46)U/L. It was revealed that the prothrombin time was decreased from (16.66±3.91) s to (15.52±3.35) s and fibronegen increased from (2. 22 ± 0. 88) g/L to (2. 58±0. 88) g/L. After transplantation, appetite was improved in 72 cases (92.3%), ascites was decreased in 70 cases (89.7%) and abdomen distention was ameliorated in 68 cases (87.2%). There was no complications related to the transplantation. Conclusion Transplantation of autologous bone marrow stem cells is a safe and effective method in treatment of patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of miRNA and hypersensitive C?reactive protein ( hs?CRP ) on non?targeted vessels in patients with acute coronary syndromes ( ACS ) after percutaneous coronary intervention( PCI) procedure. Methods The serum samples were collected from 217 cases ACS patients to detect the level of miRNA?14?5P and hs?CRP during admission and follow?up periods.All patients underwentPCI with stent implantation and coronary angiography,and CAG was performed at the time of 12?month follow?up.According to CAG results,the patients were divided into non target lesion progression group(progressiongroup) with 76 cases and non target lesion no progression group(no progression group) with 141 cases.Results The expression level of hs?CRP was significantly higher in progression group than the no progression group((1.65±0.18) mg/L vs.(1.52±0.37) mg/L,t = 3.478,P<0.001).The expression level of miRNA?142?5Pwas higher in progression group than the no progression group(27.12±2.11 vs.34.73±2.67,t = 23.035,P<0.001).Multi?factor regression analysis indicated that high expression levels of hs?CR and miRNA?142?5Pduring admission were the predictors of advance of non?targeted vessels patients(OR = 3.496,95%CI 2.046-5.981,P =0.001;OR =1.208,95%CI 1.073-1.361,P =0.002).Conclusion The serum level of hs?CRP andmiRNA?142?5P can predict non?targeted vessels in patients with ACS after PCI.

Objective To analyze the effect of edaravone combined with ginkgo diterpene lactone in treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and discuss the better clinical treatment to ACI .Methods 100 cases of ACI and who accepted treat-ments in our hospital were selected as the research objects in January 2014 to January 2015 .50 patients as observation group were given the treatment of edaravone and ginkgo diterpene lactone at the same time ,while other 50 patients as control group were merely given the treatment of ginkgo diterpene lactone .At the same time ,both groups were given treatment of conven-tional therapy .The total neurological function ,effective rate ,adverse reactions ,and the treatment satisfaction of both groups before and after the treatment were observed .Results There were no significant different of NIHSS score of two groups before treatment (P>0 .05) .After treatment ,NIHSS score of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0 .05) .The total effective rate of observation group was 90％ ,which was significantly higher than the control group (66％ ,P<0 .05) .The main adverse reactions were rash ,nausea ,dizziness of two groups ,and there were no significant differ-ent of adverse reactions rate of two groups through the treatment (P>0 .05) .The treatment of patients with satisfaction rate of observation group was 94％ ,which was significantly higher than control group (84％ , P< 0.05) .Conclusion Edaravone combined with ginkgo diterpene lactone had a good effect on improving nerve function of ACI patients ,which could improve the treatment of patients with satisfaction ,high security ,and could be recommended in clinical .

Objective To compare the effect of autologous bone marrow stem cells transplantation on liver function between first and second transplantation in decompensated liver cirrhosis patients.MethodsA total of 45 decompensated liver cirrhosis patients were enrolled, and 23patients in first transplantation group were transplanted with autologous bone marrow stem cells through femoral artery when condition was stable after medical treatment.In second transplantation group, 22 patients were accepted second transplantation in 4-12 month after the first transplantation.All the patients undergone routine blood test, congulation test and liver function examination at the fourth week and eighth week after transplantation.ResultsEight weeks after transplantation, the liver function was improved obviously in both first and second autologous bone marrow stem cells transplantation.The level of albumin in patients of second transplantation group increased from (37.26± 5.90) g/L before transplantation to (42.49 ± 4.80) g/L (P＜0.01), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) decreased from (57.05±45.51) U/L to (44.86±29.19) U/L (P＜0.05),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased from (39.14-±-15.07) U/L to (53.73 ± 24.98) U/L(P＞0.05).Congulation parameters were also improved, prothrombin time (PT) decreased from (16.15±3.01) s to (14.63±2.32) s (P＜0.01), fibrinofen (Fib) increased from (2.44±0.61) g/L to (3.00±0.81) g/L (P＜0.01).Compared with first transplantation group, the albumin level was higher in second autologous bone marrow stem cells transplantation group, which increased from (38.00±6.33) g/L to (42.49±4.80) g/L (P＜0.05), AST and ALT also improved obviously, and there was significant difference between two groups.Meanwhile, Child-Pugh scores decreased from (7.22±0.67) to (6.67±[0.71) (P＜0.05).But there was no significant difference in bilirubin, FIB and PT.ConclusionThe second transplantation of autologous bone marrow stem cells could further improve liver function and maintain symptoms remission of liver cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVETo observe the sequential changes in biomechanical competence of the femoral neck and marrow cavity of the proximal femur in ovariectomized rats.

METHODSBone mineral density (BMD) and biomechanical properties of the femoral neck and the structural dimension of the proximal femur were measured 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 weeks after ovariectomy (OVX) or sham operation (Sham) in 6-month-old female SD rats.

RESULTSThe BMD of femoral neck in OVX rats was significantly lower than that in Sham group 6 weeks after operation, (0.195 +/-0.028) g/mm(2) vs (0.225 +/-0.036) g/mm(2) (P=0.03). Nine weeks after operation,the failure load of femoral neck decreased about 10% in OVX group to that in Sham group, (89.6 +/-7.7)N vs (96.7 +/-7.5)N (P=0.05). The medullary cavity of proximal femur started to show difference 15 weeks after operation (3.834 +/-0.115)mm(2) vs (3.713 +/-0.114) mm(2) (P=0.03).

CONCLUSIONBMD loss after ovariectomy is associated with a medullary expansion in proximal femur and biomechanical strength deterioration in femoral neck, which might be an important factor of prostheses loosening in the postmenopausal osteoporotic women.

Animals ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Density ; Female ; Femur ; metabolism ; Femur Neck ; metabolism ; Humans ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Ovariectomy ; Prosthesis Failure ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

BACKGROUNDAmong the deaths due to trauma, about one half of the patients suffer from road traffic injury (RTI). Most of RTI patients complicate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and severe multiple injuries. ARDS is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in trauma patients. Although many injuries and conditions are believed to be associated with ARDS independent risk factors in trauma patients, their relative importance in development of the syndrome are undefined. We hypothesize that not all of the traditional risk factors impacting mortality are independently associated with patients strictly identified by traffic injury. This study aimed to sieve distinctive risk factors in our RTI population, meanwhile, we also hypothesize that there may exist significantly different risk factors in these patients.

METHODSThis was a retrospective cohort study regarding RTI as a single cause for emergency intensive care unit (EICU) admission. Patients identified as severe RTI with post-traumatic ARDS were enrolled in a prospectively maintained database between May 2002 and April 2007 and observed. Twenty-three items of potential risk impacting mortality were calculated by univariate and multivariate Logistic analyses in order to find distinctive items in these severe RTI patients.

RESULTSThere were 247 RTI patients with post-traumatic ARDS admitted to EICU during the study period. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of mortality were associated with six risk factors out of 23: APACHE II score, duration of trauma factor, pulmonary contusion, aspiration of gastric contents, sepsis and duration of mechanical ventilation. The adjusted ORs with 95% CI were denoted with respect to surviving beyond 96 hours EICU admission (APACHE II score, duration of trauma factor, aspiration of gastric contents), APACHE II score beyond 20 EICU admission (duration of trauma factor, sepsis, duration of mechanical ventilation) and mechanical ventilation beyond 7 days EICU admission (duration of trauma factor and sepsis).

CONCLUSIONSWe have retrospectively demonstrated an adverse effect of six different risk factors out of 23 items in mortality of post-traumatic ARDS within severe RTI patients and, moreover, gained distinct outcomes in stratified patients under real emergency trauma circumstance. An impact of APACHE II score and pulmonary contusion contributing to prediction of mortality may exist in prophase after traffic injury. Sepsis is still a vital risk factor referring to systemic inflammatory response syndrome, infection, and secondary multiple organs dysfunction. Eliminating trauma factors as early as possible becomes the critical therapeutic measure. Aspiration of gastric contents could lead to incremental mortality due to severe ventilation associated pneumonia. Long-standing mechanical ventilation should be constrained on account of severe refractory complications.

APACHE ; Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Wounds and Injuries ; mortality