Objective To elucidate the correlation between Chinese patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection.Methods The peripheral blood of 73 patients with CD (ileocolon type) and 40 healthy individuals was obtained.The monocyte layer was isolated for MAP culture.The growth of bacteria colony in the culture tube was observed every two weeks and totally for 16 weeks.By the end of culture,specific DNA of MAP (IS900) in the culture tube was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction.ANOVA was performed for measurement data analysis and chi square test was used for count data.Results After cultured for 16 weeks,no bacteria colony of MAP had been observed in 113 mycobacteral growth indicator tube (MGIT).No IS900 had been detected in the peripheral blood of all patients with CD and all healthy controls.Conclusion MAP is not correlated with the pathogenesis of CD (ileocolon type) in Chinese patients.

Animals ; Diestrus ; drug effects ; Female ; Hyperprolactinemia ; physiopathology ; Panax ; Prolactin ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Saponins ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: It is difficult to conduct the operation of ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) in thoracic spine, and the operation needs complecated operative skill, and unmerited disposal tends to worsen neurological dysfunction.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the operative method for OLF of thoracic spineand functional restoration.DESIGN: Case analysis.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, SecondMilitary Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 56 patients with OLF of thoracic spine, whowere treated at the Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital fromAugust 1996 to August 2003.METHODS: The operative therapy was performed in all the patients, and the method was determined by the results of MRI and CT examination: ①The 19 patients, whose OLF in thoracic spine was focal type, and range of lesion did not exceed two segments, were treated with simple resection and decompres sion in posterior wall of vertebral canal. ②Fenestration and sledging-allocating manipulation in the whole piece unilateral lamina of vertebra were carried out in 29 cases involving more than 2 segments. ③If coplanar OLF in thoracic spine combined with protrusion of thoracic spine disc or ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament, decompression of posterior midline approach+posterior lateral approach was performed, totally 8 cases.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Post-operation functional restoration was evaluated with Epstein standard, excellent: recovery of sensation and exercise was near to normal; good: spinal cord function was improved significantly, and permitted to walk with brace; fair: small partial restoration of sensory and motor function, unable to walk; bad: Inefficiency or becoming severe.RESULTS: A total of 55 cases were followed up for more than one year and 1 case only for two months after operation. ①Functional restoration: excellent: 39 cases; good: 8 cases; fair: 5 cases; bad: 4 cases. ②Symptom recovery after operation was confirmed by disappearance of tight sensation, reduction of muscular tension, relieving of numbness in order. ③The recovery was rapid for 3 to 6 months after operation. Part of patients' condition was still ameliorating during one year after operation, and rare advancement 2 years later. The recovery of complete paraplegics was bad, so was the severe paraplegia with long history. CONCLUSION: Compressive myelopathy caused by OLF in thoracic spine should be treated in an earlier period by operation. Resection and decompression of posterior wall of thoracic spine and decompression of posterior approach could be choosed according to different condition.

Objective To examine the effect of Pu-Erh tea extract(PTE) on genes expression of lipogenesis in white adipose tissue of rats fed high fat diet.Method Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups(n=10):the control group(basal diet);the high fat group(high fat diet);the PTE group(high fat diet + Pu-Erh tea extract).Body weight and adipose tissue were measured.Expression of genes regulating lipid metabolism was assessed in adipose tissue.Results PTE supplementation prevented diet-induced increases in body weight and adipose tissue.Diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1(DGAT1),stearoyl-CoA desalurase-1(SCD1) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c(SREBP-1c) mRNA levels were markedly decreased in adipose tissue of rats fed PTE.Conclusion This study shows for the first time that Pu-Erh tea extract prevents diet-induced obesity,and this effect is partly mediated via a direct influence on adipose tissue.

Objective To study the expression changes of IL-1β、FN-α6、IFN-γ and TNFR-m18 in peripheral blood within 2 hours in epileptic mice. Methods Semi quantitative real-time PCR was used to test the mRNA expres?sion level of IL-1β、FN-α6、IFN-γand TNFR-m18 in peripheral blood from normal and pilocarpine-induced epileptic mice at different time points (10 min, 30 min, 1 h and 2 h). Results The mRNA expression level of IL-1βincreased at 30 min(1.8±0.07), 1 h(2.9±0.98)and 2 h(1.45±0.11)after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus comparing with that of control and SE 10 min(0.81±0.09)(P<0.05). The IFN-α6 mRNA expression level was lower at 10 min(0.59±0.05, P<0.05) than that of control. IFN-γmRNA expression level was higher at 10 min(2.85±0.11) than that of control and at oth?er time points during SE(P<0.01). TNFR-m18 mRNA expression level was higher at 1h(2.84±0.15) than that of control, and at other time points during SE(P<0.01). Conclusion The immune system of epileptic state is active, the imbalance of cytokine expression in peripheral blood may be related to the immune pathological process of acute stage of epilepsy.

Objective Objective To explore the reasons of lung hypervolemia after liver transplantation and the corresponding treatment strategies.Method 291 patients received liver transplantation,in which 35 cases underwent pulmonary edema at early stage (pulmonary hypervolemia group),and the rest without pulmonary hypervolemia served as control group.Average central venous pressure (CVP) was recorded pre-,intra-and post-operatively.Total intake,total discharge and fluid balance were also recorded intraoperatively and 3 days post-operatively.Result In pulmonary hypervolemia group,CVP was (12.33 ± 5.08),(14.33 ± 3.03) and (16.50 ± 4.57) mmHg pre-,intra-and post-operatively,significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05 for all).Total intake,total discharge and fluid balance in pulmonary hypervolemia group were significantly higher than those in control group intraoperatively and 3 days post-operatively (P＜0.05 for all).After diuretic therapy and hemodialysis,30 cases in pulmonary hypervolemia group recurred,and 5 cases died of infection.Conclusion Pulmonary hypervolemia at early stage after liver transplantation is related to fluid balance.The reasonable control of total intake,total discharge and fluid balance is necessary.

Objective To evaluate the hemodynamic changes in patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis pre- and post-stenting by transcranial color-coded and pulsed-Doppler sonography.Methods Thirty patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis were included.Two-dimensional,color-coded and pulsed-Doppler sonography were used to monitor the morphologic and hemodynamic changes of the MCA before,in the middle of,and after the endovascular stenting operation.All patients were verified by digital substract angiography.Results The hyper-echoic stent grafts and also the size and location of the stent were clearly shown by two-dimensional ultrasonography in 28 patients.The systolic,diastolic and the timeaveraged maximal flow velocities significantly decreased both instantly and 3 - 7 d after the stenting.Specifically,the systolic peak flow velocity of the MCA dramatically decreased immediately after the stenting [(151.43 ± 25.14) cm/s vs (286.13 ± 57.38)cm/s,P ＜0.05],and showed a further decrease after 3 - 7 d [(108.80 ± 9.95) cm/s vs (151.43 ± 25.14) cm/s,P ＜0.05].Conclusions Transcranial color-coded and pulsed-Doppler sonography could be used to evaluate the hemodynamic changes after MCA stenting,and could be considered as the first choice of method for evaluating the therapeutic outcome of stenting.

ObjectiveTo quantify the underestimation of cardiac blood flow velocities measured by Doppler echocardiography and to explore a method for correction using a new explored dual PW/TDI technique.MethodsThe dual PW/DTI mode was used to simultaneously record the aortic,mitral,tricuspid and pulmonary valvular blood flow velocity and the adjacent valvular annulus velocity in forty healthy volunteers,then the underestimations of the flow velocities were calculated.ResultsThe true blood flow velocity relative to the valvular annulus could be obtained by dual PW/TDI technique.Conventional Doppler echocardiographic measurements significantly underestimated the true velocity ( P ＜ 0.001).The actual aortic blood flow velocity had a significant underestimation of (8.5 ± 1.2) ％,the actual flow velocity of the pulmonary artery had a significant underestimation of (6.6 ± 1.1) ％,the underestimations of E and A wave of mitralvalve's were (13.4 ± 1.7)％ and (16.7± 3.4)％,the underestimations of E and A wave of tricuspid valve' s were ( 18.7 ± 1.9) ％ and (26.0 ± 16.1 ) ％.ConclusionsThe cardiac blood flow velocity measured by Doppler ultrasound has been significantly underestimated and this underestimation can bequantified and corrected using dual PW/DTI technique based on the principle of motion relativity.

ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics of the fetal pulmonary venous Doppler spectrum in medium-term and terminal pregnancy and to evaluate its application in the cardiac function assessment and lung maturation.Methods The study group consisted of 86 normal fetuses aged from 23rd to 41st week's gestation.The Doppler echocardiography was used to record the pulmonary venous spectra.The peak diastolic velocity (D),deceleration time of D wave,deceleration of D wave (Ddec),the peak systolic velocity (S),acceleration time of S wave,and acceleration of S wave of the right superior pulmonary vein (Sac.c) were measured.Sacc/Ddec was calculated.The Tei index of the left ventricle was calculated.ResultsThe D and deceleration time of D wave and Ddec increased with gestational age (P ＜ 0.05).S,the acceleration time of S wave and Sacc showed no significant correlation with gestational age.Sacc/Ddec ratio was more likely smaller than 1 with the gestational age less than 28 weeks and larger than 1 with the gestational age longer than 28 weeks ( P ＜0.05).ConclusionsD wave flow velocity,deceleration time of D wave and the Ddec of the right superior pulmonary vein had a good correlation with the global left ventricular function.The Sac/Ddec ratio might be new index for assessing cardiac function and lung maturation.

Objective To set up and verify a new scoring system of clock drawing test(CDT).Methods CDT and other neuropsychological tests were applied to 180 normal individuals.170 subjects with mild cognitive impairment(MCI),and 31 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease(AD).The first step of the 30-score system of CDT was to anchor the 4 points of"12-3-6-9".totaling a score of 4 which was the "30-score system A(Anchoring)part";and the other 13 items reflecting the drawing results and totaling a score of 26 made up the so called"30-score system C(Clockfaee)part".the two together had a total score of 30.Thirty-eight subjects underwent Xe-enhanced computed tomography(Xe-CT)scanning for quantitively measuring regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF)of 26 regions of brain.Results Correlations coefficients of the scores of 14 items with the total score in 30-score system of CDT were in the range of 0.48to 0.71(P＜0.01).30-score system C part was closely correlated with indicators of visuospatial and executive function,while 30-score system A part with memory indicators.The sensitivity and specificity of the 30-score system A part score≤2 for detecting MCl were 70.6%and 73.9%.respectively.The sensitivity the specificity of 30-score system C part score≤17 for mild AD were 75.3%and 75.9%.respectively.In the regression equation of 30-score system A and C part.the combined independent variables were the CBF of left frontal cortex and right white matter,respectively.Conclusion The 30-score system A and C part have difierent meanings:30-score system C part could be used to identify AD while 30-score system A part is helpful for identiring MCI.