Objective To investigate the effect of bone cancer pain on emotion and NMDA re-ceptor NR2B subunit expression level in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)in rats.Methods One hun-dred and fifty healthy male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g aged 3 months old were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 50 in each group):sham operation group (group S),bone cancer pain group (group BCP),RO25-6981 group (group RO).The BCP model was established by inoculating Walker 256 breast cancer cells into right intra-tibial.Rats in group S were given the same dose of d-hanks. Group RO was injected intraperitoneally with RO25-6981 (5 mg/kg/d)on the day of inoculation, while rats in the group S and group BCP were given the same dose of normal saline.Mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT)and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL)of right hind legs were measured on day 7,10,14 after inoculation respectively.Elevated plus-maze test was carried out to investigate the effect of bone cancer pain on emotion in rats after pain threshold detection,then the percentage of the times entering the open arms (OE)and the percentage of the time staying in the open arms (OT) duration the total period were evaluated.Then the anterior cingulate cortex tissue was removed to e-valuate the NR2B protein and mRNA expression levels by RT-PCR,Western blot and immunofluo-rescence methods on day 14 after elevated plus-maze test.Results All the parameters did not differ with significant difference between group S and group RO.MWT decreased and TWL shortened on day 7,10,14 after inoculation in group BCP compared with those before inoculation and those of group S and group RO.OE and OT in group BCP reduced remarkably than those before inoculation and those of group S and group RO.Relative absorbance of NR2B mRNA,the expression of NR2B pro-tein,average NR2B relative fluorescence intensity value is obviously higher than that of group S and group RO (P <0.05).Conclusion Bone cancer pain can induce pain-related aversion and anxiety-like behavior of rats,and the mechanism may be related to the high expression of NR2B in anterior cingu-late cortex.

As a common and frequently-occurring disease,glenohumeral instability is become one of disease which restrict upper limb activity. The diagnosis of this disease is easy, but it is very difficult to assess the degree of periarticular soft tissue injuries. With the development of magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopy, MRA become the gold standard for evaluation of glenoid labrum, joint capsule and ligaments injury. The traditional manual reduction is a fast, simple method, but often can cause adverse consequences,such as rotator cuff tear,ligament relaxation,and habitual dislocation. Open operation can rebuild stability of joint,but with many new treatment methods,especially the arthroscopic reconstruction has gradually replaced the open operation, and become the mainstream trend, but for the long-term effect of capsular tightening surgery, rotator cuff gap closure is not clear,it is need further follow-up observation.
Arthroscopy ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Shoulder Joint

Objective To investigate the efficacy of preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium combined with local infiltration anesthesia with ropivacaine for postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods One hundred and fifty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 41-63 yr,weighing 55-87 kg,scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under the general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=50 each): parecoxib sodium+0.9％ normal saline (group A),parecoxib sodium + 0.5％ ropivacaine (group B) and parecoxib sodium + 0.75 ％ ropivacaine (group C).Parecoxib sodium 40 mg was injected intravenously 30 min before induction of anesthesia.Anesthesia was induced and maintained with remifentanil and propofol given by TCI.Immediately before skin closure,0.9％ normal saline 12 ml was given in group A,and 0.5％ and 0.75％ ropivacaine 12 ml were injected for local infiltration anesthesia in groups B and C,respectively.VAS scores were maintained ≤ 3after operation.When VAS scores ＞ 3,pethidine 75 mg was injected intramuscularly.Ramsay sedation scores were recorded at the end of operation and 2,4,8,12 and 24 h after operation.The side effects (nausea and vomiting,allergy,respiratory depression,etc.),requirement for pethidine,algesic sites (incisional pain,upper abdominal pain,referred pain in right shoulder),and condition of the wound healing were all recorded within 24 h after opcration.Results Compared with group A,Ramsay sedation scores,the incidence of nausea and vomiting,the requirement for pethidine and total amount of pethidine,and the incidence of incisional pain were significantly decreased in groups B and C (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group B,the requirement for pethidine and total amount of pethidine,and the incidence of incisional pain were significantly decreased in group C (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).There was no significant difference in Ramsay sedation scores between groups B and C (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the condition of the wound healing,upper abdominal pain and referred pain in right shoulder between groups A,B and C (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion For the patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy,local infiltration anesthesia with ropivacaine can improve the efficacy of preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium,and it provides better postoperative analgesia when 0.75 ％ ropivacaine is used.

Thirty-two patients with comminuted proximal humerus fractures(Neer Ⅲ or Ⅳ) were admitted to Department of Orthopedics,First Hospital of Jilin University from March 2001 to April 2006.The patients consisted of 19 males and 13 females,aged 19-70 years,including 15 of 19-49 years and 17 of 50-70 years.All patients underwent treatment of cloverleaf plate-screw fixation.During the follow-up for 8 months,union time and scores from Constant & Murley functional scale were similar between male and female groups.Compared with patients aged 50 years,and the scores from Constant & Murley functional scale were significantly lower(P 50 years old is relatively longer with unfavorable functional recovery in the shoulder joint.

Objective To investigate the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)on the recovery of neurological function and the expression of neurofilament protein(NFP)-200 in rats with cerebral infarction.Methods The string-fastening method was used to establish focal ischemia-reperfusion models in 60 Sprague-Dawley rats and the rats were divided into the TMS group and the sham TMS group(composed of 30 rats each).Then each group were divided into the treated 1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d and 21 d subgroups(composed of 6 rats each).TMS group rats were administered with 2 sessions of TMS(200 pulses total)daily,keeping on corresponding days in different groups.The recovery of neurological function and the optical density of NFP-200 by immunohistochemistry in the infarct peripheral zone in two groups were detected after therapy.Results At the 14 d and 21 d after treatment,neurological deficit scores of TMS group(2.67?0.82,1.50?0.55) were significantly lower than those of the sham TMS group(3.67?0.52,3.17?0.75)(P

Objectives To study the clinical and pathological features of patients with ANCA-negative pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis.Methods ANCA was detected and the clinical and pathological features were analyzed in 33 patients with pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis.Results Of the 33 patients with pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis, 15(45%) were ANCA negative, which accounted for 15% of the patients with crescentic glomerulonephritis. Of the 15 patients with negative ANCA,9 had multi-system involvement and 6 were clinically limited to kidney only. Renal biopsies showed small vessel vasculitis in 2 patients. After intensive immunosuppressive therapy, one out of thirteen patients was cured,six achieved clinical remission,while the other 6 became dialysis dependent.Conclusions The clinical and pathological features of the patients with ANCA-negative pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis are similar to those with ANCA-positive,while the ages of these patients are younger and the prognosis poorer.

AIM: To establish the two-hit rat model with hemorrhage and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and to study the effect of panaxadiol saponins(PDS) against acute lung injury.METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: sham operational group(S);two-hit groups with hemorrhagic shock-LPS(HL);dexamethasone pretreatment group(HLD) and PDS pretreatment group(HLP).The mean arterial blood pressure(MABP) was monitored dynamically by 4-channel physiological meter RM-6000,and pathological alteration of lung tissues was also observed.The levels of various serum enzymes,TNF-? and IL-6 were detected.RESULTS: MABP decreased in two-hit rat model with hemorrhage-LPS.The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,lactate dehydrogenase,creatine kinase,TNF-? and IL-6 increased significantly.Severe inflammatory change of pulmonary interstitium in HL group was also observed.CONCLUSION: Endotoxin injection following hemorrhage can be used to establish the animal model of acute lung injury.Similar with dexamethasone,PDS prevents lung tissue from seriously damage through increasing MABP and decreasing the level of serum enzymes,TNF-? and IL-6 levels.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of 153 Sm-EDTMP treatment on pain palliation in the patients with bone metastasis of lung cancer, breast cancer or prostate cancer. Methods 166 patients with bone metastasis of cancers were intravenously injected 18.5～37 MBq/kg (0.5～1.0 mCi/kg ) body weight of 153 Sm-EDTMP, once a month or two months. Results The effective rate of pain palliation of 153 Sm-EDTMP treating bone metastasis of lung cancer, preast cancer and prostate cancer were 68.5%, 89.3% and 100%, respectively. The efficacious rate of pain palliation in breast and prostate cancers was significantly higher than that in lung cancer (P

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,diagnosis,treatment of endometriosis in adolescent and to improve our knowledge,and to reduce misdiagnosis.Methods Clinical data of 17 patients with endometriosis in adolescents were analyzed retrospectively.Results Preoperative diagnosis is wrong in nine out of 17 cases.All patients underwent surgical operation and post-operative medcine treatment.Five cases have complicated genital tract anomalies.Four cases relapsed,good prognosis is expected in the other patients.Conclusion Clinical characteristics of endometriosis in adolescents are not positive.The treatment involves the surgical operation and medicine.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus in nervous system. However, the pathogenesis is still unkown. Therapeutic options are mainly pathogenetically oriented therapy and symptomatic therapy. With an increasing understanding of the pathogenesis of DPN, many new therapies have emerged. Comprehensive therapy targeting different pathogenesis will be frequently applied in the future. In this article, the common therapy and advance in treatment of DPN are reviewed.