Animals ; Birds ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; classification ; pathogenicity ; Influenza in Birds ; complications ; prevention & control ; virology ; Influenza, Human ; etiology ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate the effect of aprotinin on the inflammation response to reinfusion of shed blood during operation after being aspirated, filtered and washed using cell saver.Methods Twenty-four ASA I - II patients undergoing elective spinal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups: aprotinin group ( n = 12) and control group ( n = 12) .The patients were premedicated with intramuscular pentobarbital 0.1 g and atropine 0.5 mg. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg ? kg -1 , fentanyl 2-4 ?g ? kg-1 and vecuronium 0.1-0.3 mg ? kg-1 and maintained with isoflurane, propofol infusion and intermittent i. v. boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium. The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation. In aprotinin group aprotinin 10 ? 105 IU was given before skin incision and another dose of aprotinin 10 ? 105 IU was continuously infused during operation. The blood shed during operation was collected, anticoagulated with heparin, filtered, washed and reinfused using AutoLog cell saver. Blood samples were taken from CVP line before skin incision (T1 , baseline), 30 min after reinfusion of salvaged bloods (T2) and at the end of operation (T3 ) for WBC and neutrophil granulocyte counts and determination of expression of CD11b and CD18 on the surface of neutrophil granulocytes using flow cytometry. Results The two groups were similar with respect to the general condition of the patients, duration of operation and account of shed blood reinfused. (676? 353) ml was reinfused in control group. The expression of CD11b and CD18 on the surface of neutrophil granulocytes increased significantly at T2 and T3 as compared to the baseline at T1 in control group ( P

The study assessed the early functional outcomes with cemented titanium implants of radius in the treatment of comminuted fractures of radial heads. The functional outcomes of arthroplasty with cemented titanium implants of radius in the treatment of radial head fractures (Mason Type III: 6; Mason Type IV: 4) in 10 consecutive patients (mean age, 38 years) were evaluated over a mean time of 23.7 months (18-31 months). The patients were assessed on the basis of physical examination, functional rating (Mayo) and radiographic findings. The parameters evaluated included motion, stability, pain, and grip strength. Five patients were considered to have excellent results, 4 patients had good results and 1 patient had fairly good results. There were no cases of infection, prosthetic failure, heterotopic ossification or dislocation. When medial collateral ligament was injured, radial head became the main stabilizing structure of the elbow. Titanium radial head implant may provide the stability similar to that of native radial head. We believe that titanium radial head implants may be indicated for the Mason Type III and Mason Type IV radial head fractures.
Elbow Joint/surgery ; Fracture Fixation/*methods ; Fractures, Comminuted/*surgery ; Prostheses and Implants ; Radius Fractures/*surgery ; Titanium ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To observe the effects and its efficacy of Ozagrel on CD62p and CD63 expressions in platelets of patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods 64 patients with ACI were devided into two groups:Ozagrel group and Xuesaitong group(control group).The expression levels of CD62p and CD63 in 64 patients with ACI(before and after treating)and that in normal people(normal group)were measured with whole blood flow cytometry.The clinical effect of treatment in the Ozagrel group and the control group were observed and compared.Results The expression levels of CD62p and CD63 in patients with ACI were higher than those in the normal group(all P

Objective To investigate the projects funded by ministry of national science and technology (NSTP) in China allocated to oral medicine from 2003 to 2013.Methods The data regarding the NSTP allocated to oral medicine research from 2003 to 2013 were collected,including funding years,the expenses and numbers of programs,the secondary discipline of oral medicine and the program units,etc.Multidimensional analyses were provided subsequently.Results From 2003 to 2013,a total number of 59 projects and 210 million CNY supported by NSTP were allocated to oral medicineresearch.The development trend showed increased year by year.The oral medicine researches were allocated by almost all major types of NSTP and the funding directions were tending to diversified development.But,the projects units were relatively concentrated in clinical,teaching and research institutions,only few enterprises.Conclusions Over the past 10 years,the sustainable improvement of NSTP in oral medicine research has led to the development of oral medicine discipline.NSTP has becoming an important way for oral medicine research to obtain State-level funding.

Objective To investigate arterial blood gas(ABG)changes induced by different intra- abdominal pressures during CO_2 pneumoperitoneum in rabbits with lung and liver impact injury under controlled hemorrhage.Methods In this study 75 rabbits were randomized into nine groups(6 rabbits in each group)according to the amount of blood loss(6 ml/kg、12 ml/kg、22 ml/kg)and intra-abdominal pressures(5 mm Hg,10 mm Hg,15 mm Hg).After model was established successsfully,respiratory rates (RR),ABG and death rates were observed at pre-pneumoperitoneum,after 0.5 hour and 2 hours under pneumoperitoneum and 0.5 hour after desufflation.Results Without pneumoperitoneum,different blood loss exerted different effect on arterial blood gas:RR,PaCO_2 increased(P

Adolescent ; Adult ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Meninges ; pathology ; Sarcoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Scalp ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Skull ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the three-dimensional contrast-enhanced MR venography in assessment of the lower extremityveins.Methods 15 patients with lower extremity veins thrombosis confirmed by operation,DSA or ultrasonic were undergone directthree-dimensional contrast-enhanced MR venography using GE Signa 1.0T MR system.The demonstration of the lower extremity veins wasobserved.Results 3D deep or superficial vein images of low abdomen,pelvis and low extremity were acquired satisfactorily in all 15patients.Conclusion Direct three-dimensional contrast-enhanced MR venography is a favorable method in accessing lower extremity veins.

Cephalosporins are widely used antibiotics owing to their broad activity spectra and low toxicity. Many of these medically important compounds are made chemically from 7-aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid. At present, this intermediate is made by synthetic ring-expansion of the inexpensive penicillin G to form G-7-ADCA, followed by enzymatic removal of the side chain to obtain 7-ADCA. The chemical synthetic process is expensive, complicated and environmentally unfriendly. Environmentally compatible enzymatic process is favorable compared with chemical synthesis. In our previous research, metabolic engineered Escherichia coli strain (H7/PG15) was constructed and used as whole-cell biocatalyst for the production of G-7-ADC with penicillin G as substrate. The whole-cell biocatalysis was studied by single factor experiment, including the composition of substrates and the conversion conditions (OD600, pH, concentration of penicillin G, MOPS, glucose, time and FeSO4). After optimization, 15 mmol/L of G-7-ADCA was obtained. The process is convenient, efficient and economic. This work would facilitate the industrial manufacturing and further product research.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; biosynthesis ; Biocatalysis ; Cephalosporins ; biosynthesis ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Metabolic Engineering

Objective Preview and triage is significantly important in treating a large number of the wound-ed patients. Method From 12 May to 25 May, 2008, 2171 wounded patients from Wenchuan Earthquake weretaken to the Central Hospital of Mianyang. According to the injury degree, all the wounded were classified into se-vere, moderate and minor injuries, and wore red, yellow and blue label on the wrists (those who died in a shorting change, intramuscular injection of TAT after skin test. Emergency medical records, including examination re-sults and treatment time, were completed for each wounded. The severe wounded were transferred to the relevantried out in 985 wounded, 1418 wounded hespitalized, 13 died in emergency room within two weeks after earth-quake. Only 9 died of combined injury and 4 died of severe cerebral injury. Conclusions The preview and triagelet the emergence treatment effective for a large number of earthquake patients.