China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVE:To study the antioxidant activity in vitro of neutral polysaccharides and its graded component from 3samples of white ginseng and red ginseng. METHODS:The decoction method was used to extract the crude polysaccharides fromwhite ginseng,100 ℃ and 120 ℃ processed red ginseng;the crude polysaccharides were further separated through ion exchangecolumn to extract neutral polysaccharides;Sephadex G-75 gels filter column was used to grade the neutral polysaccharides accordingto the molecular weight,antioxidant activity in vitro of 9 samples in 3 neutral polysaccharides and were detected by DPPH andOH free radical scavenging test and reduction capacity test(FRAP value),and vitamin C was used as positive control. RESULTS:The 3 neutral polysaccharides all obtained component Ⅰ and component Ⅱ after grading. Neutral polysaccharides and its gradedcomponent showed certain antioxidant activity in vitro in a certain concentration range,and increased by concentration increasing.The activity of neutral polysaccharides and component Ⅱ from 120 ℃ processed red ginseng was the strongest,of which 50% inhibitoryconcentration(IC50)on DPPH free radical was 0.258 g/L and 0.253 g/L,on OH free radical was 7.157 g/L and 6.845g/L,FRAP values were 2.8 and 3.0 mmol/L(when concentration was 1.2 g/L),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The antioxidant activityin vitro from 120 ℃ processed red ginseng is higher than that of 100 ℃ processed red ginseng and white ginseng,in whichcomponent Ⅱ makes important contribution to the antioxidant activity.

Cell immobilization is a new biotechnology The definition, classification, and carrier selection of cell immobilization are presented in details The technique is efficiently applied to treating strength organic wastewater, nutrient and heavy metals removal of wastewater, as well as hardly biodegradated wastewater It has a widely applied prospect in wastewater treatment

A male patient,39 years old,presented with symptoms of cataract,dwarf,progeria,polydactyly and genu valgum,after the extracapusular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation on both eyes,the visual acuity was improved and his fundus examination was normal.As the syndrome is different from any eye syndrome we have ever known,so it maybe a new one.

OBJECTIVETo explore the distribution characteristics of basic syndromes and its related factors in patients with chronic functional constipation (CFC).

METHODSThe complete data of 538 patients with CFC were collected and initial database was established with Epidata 3. 0. TCM syndrome typing was performed. The distribution characteristics of basic syndromes were analyzed using SPSS 17. 0 Software. The univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed with SPSS 17. 0 Software to determine basic syndrome related factors such as age, engaged professionals, sleep quality, depression, mental stress, interpersonal relations, work fatigue, stimulating beverage, exercise conditions, Western medicine type of constipation, and so on.

RESULTSThe TCM syndrome frequency of CFC patients was sequenced from high to low as qi deficiency syndrome (380 cases, 70.6%), qi stagnation syndrome (337 cases, 62.6%), blood deficiency syndrome (234 cases, 43.5%), yin deficiency syndrome (220 cases, 40.9%), yang deficiency syndrome (197 cases, 36.6%), and others(58 cases, 10. 8%) . Most patients were complicated with complex syndromes, and the most common complex syndromes were qi deficiency complicated qi stagnation syndrome (275 cases, 51.1%) and qi deficiency complicated blood deficiency syndrome (222 cases, 41.3%). Aging, work fatigue, and exercise conditions were main related factors for qi deficiency syndrome (P <0. 01, P <0. 05). Poor emotional (depression and anxiety tendencies), mental stress, interpersonal relations, defecation barriers constipation were main related factors for qi stagnation syndrome (P <0.01). Sleep quality and poor emotional (depression and anxiety tendencies) were main related factors for blood deficiency syndrome (P <0. 01, P < 0.05). Stimulating beverages were main related factor for yin deficiency syndrome (P <0.05). Engaged in mental work and slow transit constipation were main related factors for yang deficiency syndrome (P < 0. 01, P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSCFC is featured as complex syndromes. The most common complex syndromes were qi deficiency complicated qi stagnation syndrome and qi deficiency complicated blood deficiency syndrome. Basic syndrome related factors such as age, engaged professionals, sleep quality, poor emotional (depression and anxiety tendencies), mental stress, interpersonal relations, work fatigue, stimulating beverage, exercise conditions, Western medicine type of constipation were associated with the distribution of CFC syndromes.

Anxiety ; complications ; Constipation ; complications ; diagnosis ; psychology ; therapy ; Depression ; complications ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Qi ; Stress, Psychological ; complications ; Syndrome ; Yang Deficiency ; diagnosis ; Yin Deficiency ; diagnosis

Objective To study the in vitro and in vivo effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on osteoclast and osteoblast precursor cells.MethodsTo observe the in vitro effect of PEMFs,femur bone marrow cells of 8 week old female SD rats were collected.According to different treating doses,rats were divided into four treatment groups and one control group.After the treatment,the clones of granuloeyte/maerophage colony forming unit(CFU-GM) and fibroblast colony forming units(CFU-F) were measured respectively.To observe the combined in vitro and in vivo effect of PEMFs,8 week old female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: 2-70 group,ovariectomization (OVX) group and SHAM group.Rats in the 2-70 group and OVX group were bilateral ovariectomized,while rats in the SHAM group were sham-ovariectomized.12 weeks after ovariectomization,the 2-70 group was exposed to PEMFs while the other groups were left untreated.Then,femur bone marrow cells of the rats were collected.According to the way whether the groups were treated with PEMFs,the cells were divided into six groups: 2-70 with/without treatment,OVX with/without treatment,SHAM with/without treatment.After the treatments,the clones of CFU-GM and CFU-F were measured respectively.Resultsin vitro effect of PEMFs: Compared with the control group,the CFU-GMin the treated groups reduced while the CFU-F increased.PEMFs effect in vitro and in vivo: The CFU-F in treated groupsincreased,whileno.significantdifferencesofCFU-GMwerefoundamongthegroups.Conclusion PEMFs has inhibitory effect on osteoelast precursor cells and enhances the proliferation of osteoblast precursor cells when simply applied in vitro.When PEMFs was applied in combined manner of in vitro and in vivo,it shows that PEMFs enhance the proliferation of osteoblast precursor cells but has no inhibitory effects on osteoelast precursor cells.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the precise locations of the blood vessels and nerves surrounding the seminal vesicles (SV) in men and provide some anatomical evidence for SV-related minimally invasive surgery.

METHODSWe observed the courses and distribution of the blood vessels and nerves surrounding SVs and obtained the data for positioning the SV neuroplexes in 20 male pelvises.

RESULTSOne branch of the neuroplexes was distributed to the SVs bilaterally with the neurovascular bundles, (2.85 ± 0.18) cm from the median sulcus of the prostate (MSP), while another branch ran through the Denonvillier fascia behind the SV, (0.81 ± 0.06) cm from the MSP. The arterial SVs (ASV) originated from the inferior vesical artery and fell into 4 types, 55% going directly to the SVs as one branch, 15% running between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct as another branch, 25% downward as 2 branches to the SV and between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct respectively, and 5% as the other ASVs. The shortest distance from the ASV through the prostatic neuroplexus to the posterior SV was (1.08 ± 0.09) cm.

CONCLUSIONIn SV resection, neuroplexus injury can be reduced with a bilateral distance of < 2.85 cm and a posterior distance of < 0.81 cm from the MSP, and so can bleeding by vascular ligation between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct.

Biopsy ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; blood supply ; innervation ; Seminal Vesicles ; blood supply ; innervation ; Vas Deferens ; blood supply ; innervation

Background The underlying mechanism of choroidal neovascularization(CNV) is multifactorial and complex.Focal adhesion kinase(FAK) plays a crucial role in controlling essential cellular processes and influencing distinct steps of the angiogenic response.But to our knowledge,seldom study on the effect of FAK on CNV formation has been reported previously.Objective In this study,the effect of several CNV risk factors on the expression of FAK in cultured retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) cells was investigated to illuminate effect of FAK on CNV.Methods Human RPE cells were isolated from donor eyes and exposed to H2O2,swallow of outer segment of photoreceptors(POS) and extracellular matrix(ECM) separately with the treating as follows:RPE cells were co-cultured with 10,20,50 and 100μmol/L H2O2 for 20 days;POS(1×106/ml) were co-cultivated with RPE cells for 20 days(setting control group,POS group,hypoxia group with 200μmol/L CoCl2,and POS+hyoxia group);RPE cells were cultured on the plates coated with 100mg/L fibronectin(FN),laminin(LN) or collagen typeⅠfor 30minutes or 1 hour.The expression of FAK and pFAK in RPE cells were examined by Western blot analysis.Results FAK was highly expressed in the 20μmol/L and 50μmol/L H2O2 groups compared with control group(P＜0.01);while he expression level of pFAK was reduced after treated with H2O2 in comparison with the control group(P＜0.01).After cultured with POS for 20 days,the undigested lysosome could be observed in RPE cells.The expressions of FAK and pFAK in RPE cells were not significantly changed between control group and POS groups(P＞0.05),but those in hypoxia group were significantly up-regulated in comparison with control group(P＜0.01).Compared with the hypoxia group,the expression amount of pFAK was elevated in POS+hyoxia group(P＜0.01).In comparison with control group,the increased pFAK expression was seen in FN,LN and collagen typeⅠtreating for 1-hour groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion FAK pathway participates in several CNV-initiated signaling,such as H2O2,POS and ECM,in cultured RPE cells.It is reasonable to believe that FAK potentially plays an important role in CNV-dependent disorder.

The DNA fragment sized 2 139bp, the same Sequence with AtKup1 gene from Arabidopsis thalianna was used as the templates for DNA family shuffling. The shuffeld AtKup1 gene library was expressed in the mutant of 5. cerevisae in which potassium transporter gene TRK1 and TRK2 were knocked out by homologous recombination. Then the screening was carried out in the low potassium media containing 5. 0 mmol/L KC1 and no histidine in it. it was found that both of diverse and wild AtKup1 gene can rescues the trk1△trk2△yeast mutant strain in low [ K + ] medium. The growth of 2 clones yeast containing diverse AtKup1 were beter than that of AtKup1 wild gene transformant. The sequencig results of the shuffeld AtKup1 showed that there were 2 nucleotide changed, which resulted in 2 amino acid variations in it compared with the original AtKup1. The potassium uptaking capacity of shuffled AtKup1 gene increased significantly when it was transformed into tobacco.

Alzheimer's disease is a common disease among the elderly.It seriously affects the quality of life of patients.There is still no effective treatment.The existence of blood-brain barrier further limits the efficacy of therapeutic drugs.As a highly safe nano-carrier,liposomes can not only carry drugs into the brain,but also have the advantages of reducing toxicity and side effects.Therefore,liposomes are promising in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.This paper summarized the application of different types and functions of liposomes in various therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer's disease,aiming to provide an effective delivery strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.