BACKGROUND: Percutaneous laser disc decompression(PLDD) is a new technology developed to treat lumbar herniated disk inrecent years; however,only limited literature has been reported about cohort study on its indications.OBJECTIVE: To treat patients with lumbar disc herniations by PLDD and evaluate the effects of PLDD in releasing painandimproving lumbar function after operation.DESIGN: Non-randomized concurrent controlled trial based on thepatients.SETTING: Department of Radiology of the 474 Hospital of Chinese PLA.PTICIPANTS: This study recruited totally 173 patients ( 101 males and 72 females aged from 18 to 75 years) who received PLDD in the Department of Radiology of the 474 Hospital of Chinese PLA from July 1998 to August 2002 and were followed up for over one year.METHODS:The 173 patients were divided into good indication group (Group A, n = 139) and poor indication group(Group B, n =34). Group B was further divided into extrusion group(Group B1 of 8 patients),lumbar canal stenosis group(Group B2 of 15 patients) and other conditions group (Group B3 of 11 patients). VAS scoring criteria and modified Macnab criteria were used to evaluate the curative effects.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary results: the degree of pain and lumbar function. Secondary results:the success rate of puncture as well as adverse events and side effects.RESULTS: The success rate of puncture was 96. 3％ for performing through L5 - S1 and 100％ through L3-4 and L4-5. In Group A, excellent postoperative effects were seen in 63 cases, good in 51 cases, fair in 20 cases and poor in 5 cases, with 82.0％ excellent and good rates. The excellent and good rate in Group B was 55.9％. Postoperative back pain could be relieved several days later. Other complications such as disc infection,psoas hematoma,rupture of colon,injuries of nerve roots and bloodvessels did not occur. There was a significant difference between Group A and Group B(x2=10.38, P ＜0.05).CONCLUSION: (① PLDD is a convenient, safe and reliable procedure in treating lumbar disc herniation because of its high success rate, satisfactory results and fewer complications.② Proper selection of indications helps improve the curative effects of lumbar disc herniation.

Objective To observe the effect of leptin on proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer MCF-7 cell line,and to explore the effect of leptin on occurrence and development of breast cancer.Method The MCF-7 cell line was treated with different concentration of leptin in vitro.Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. Distribution of cell cycle was determined by flow cytomery, meanwhile the rates of apoptosis were estimated on the basis of Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection. Results When treated with different concentration of leptin for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, they could significantly induce the proliferation of MCF-7 cells by MTT method.There was not interaction between concentration of leptin and time course (F=0.919,P=0.523).The main effect of concentration of leptin and time course was statistically significant (F=12.699,P=0.000;F=647.881, P=0.000). Compared 200 ng/ml and 400 ng/ml with the control group, we found the difference was statistically significant by multiple comparison (P=0.007,P=0.000,respectively).The difference was also statistically significant among time course by multiple comparison (P=0.000,respectively).By the flow cytometry analysis,it was found that the 100 ng/ml and 400 ng/ml leptin groups could change the distribution of cell cycle of MCF-7 cell line after 48 h. Compared with control group, the cell number decreased by 14.42 ％ in G0/G1 phase (F=10.464, P=0.044),but increased by 7.57 ％ and 22.19 ％ respectively in S phase (F=47.361,P=0.005).The difference was not statistically significant in G2/M phase (F=1.77, P=0.311).However, the effect of apoptosis inhibition was not obvious. Conclusions Leptin could stimulate the proliferation of MCF-7 cell line and change the distribution of cell cycle.But leptin could not inhibit apoptosis of MCF-7 cell line.It suggested that leptin may serve as a risk factor of breast cancer development.

ObjectiveTo study the role of the myenteric plexus (ENS) nitrergic neurons in type 2 diabetic rats with gastroparesis.MethodsThiry male 8-week-SD rats were randomly divided into control group (CON),type 2 diabetic group (DM),insulin-treated group ( INS ) and insulin-lipoie acid group( LA ),each 15.The rats were sacrificed at 16 weeks after diabetic model established,the stomach relative residual rate of pigmented was measured and the protein content of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) was evaluate,the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD),were measured,the the morphological changes of gastric antrum nitrergic neurons was observed.ResultsCompared with CON group,gastric motility,gastric antrum nitrergic neuron count,T-SOD and CuZn-SOD,and were significantly decreased in DM group ( P ＜0.05).Compared with the CON group,DM group gastric antrum nitrergic neurons nNOS expression decreased,while MDA levels significantly increased ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with DM group,INS group and LA group has significantly rapider gastric motility than that of DM group ( P＜ 0.05 ),the neuron counting markly increased in nitrergic neuron of gastic sinus ( P ＜ 0.05 ),increased expressions of nNOS in gastric sinus,while still lower than control group( P ＜0.05).compared with the INS group,antrum nitrergic neuron counts of LA group significantly increased ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The gastrointestinal dyskinesis of type 2 diabetic rats might be associated with lesions of gastric myenteric plexus nitrergic neuron.Insulin intensive therapy and treated with alpha-lipoic acid as an antioxidant can inhibit the abnormally high levels of oxidative stress,protect gastrointestinal nitrergic neurons,delay the progress of diabetic gastrointestinal motility disorders.Insulin combined with a-lipoic acid treatment is superior to single-use insulin.

Purpose To establish a HPLC method for determination of the content of trifluoroacetic acid in bivalirudin.Methods Kromasil 100-5 C_(18) column(4.6 mm×200 mm,5 μm)and 0.07% phosphoric acid solution(pH 3.0)-methanol(98:2)as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min were used with a column temperature of 30 ℃,a detection wavelength of 210 nm and a injection volume of 20 μL.Results The standard curve of trifluomacetic acid was linear in the range of 198.4-992.0 μg/mL,r=0.999 9.The detection limit Was 40 ng.The average recovery rate of method was 99.9%,and RSD was 0.41%.Conclusion The method of content determination was practicable and accurate.It can be used for content determination of trifluoroacetic acid in bivalirudin.

Objective To investigate the effect of microbubble-enhanced non-focused ultrasound on liver uhrastructure during the treatment of hepatic trauma.Methods The model of hepatic trauma was established in 18 healthy New Zealand rabbits.The subjects were divided into trauma group,ultrasound group and ultrasound-microbubble group according to the random number table,with 6 rabbits each.Thicker region of the left hepatic lobe was treated by custom-made non-focused ultrasound for 5 min.Peak intensity (PI) was used to evaluate the blood reperfusion of the target region after treatment.Liver specimens were performed transmission electron microscope examination immediately and 24 h after treatment to analyze ultrastructure changes.Results PI ratio in ultrasound-microbubble group (15.1 ± 2.6) was significantly lower than that in trauma group (23.1 ± 1.1) and ultrasound group (23.4 ± 1.3) (P ＜ 0.05).But the difference between trauma and ultrasound groups was insignificant (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with trauma and ultrasound groups immediately after treatment,hepatic cells in ultrasoundmicrobubble group had obvious edema,sinusoids thinned,organelles arranged in disorder,mitochondrial edema was present,endothelia cells of interlobular hepatic artery,interlobular vein and bile canaliculi in the portal area damaged,and microvilli of bile canaliculi disappeared.Hepatic cells showed morphology of apoptosis 24 h after treatment.Conclusion Microbubble-enhanced non-focused ultrasound can be used to make rapid hemostasis by decreasing the blood perfusion,but it causes certain damage to the ultrastructure of hepatic cells and may induce apoptosis in the radiation zone and neighboring cells.

To explore the effects of Huangqi injection in treating angina pectoris(AP) caused by coronary artery ectasia.Twelve cases of AP caused by coronary artery ectasia received a seven day treatment of aspirin and dilthiazem(Regimen 1)and then were treated with Huangqi injection additionally(Regimen 2)for another seven days.The frequency of attack and duration of AP and electrocardiogram(ECG) were examined before and after treatment.The frequency of attack and duration of AP and ECG were decreased after Regimen 1(P

Objective To investigate the MRI feature of fatigue fracture. Methods MRI of 11 cases of fatigue fracture was retrospectively analyzed and was confirmed by pathology and clinical diagnosis. Results The fracture line,swelling of marrow cavity and soft tissue were well demonstrated using MRI,especially T 2WI STIR images.Conclusion MRI is of great value in the early diagnosing of fatigue fracture for early treatment.

OBJECTIVE To study the causes and mechanism of auditory neuropathy. METHODS Auditory neuropathy is characterized by the DPOAE being normal, the shape of the pure tone loss being mostly in low frequencies, but the ABR being absent or the threshold elevated disproportionally to the pure tone threshold. Patients were screened from the deaf patients through asking the ill history and taking the exams of pure tone audiometry, auditory brain stem response, distortion product of otoaccoustic emissions (DPOAE). Thirty six patients were met the above standard. Deparaffined sections of cochlea of the guinea pigs were used as antigens to test whether the sera of patients had the autoantibodies with immunofluorescence method. RESULTS In the total of 36 patients with this type of hearing loss, autoantibodies were positive in 31 patients(86.1%). Twenty of the 31 patients had autoantibodiesto connective tissue of osseous spiral lamina where the nerve fiber connecting the hair cells and spiral ganglion cells go through. The autoantibodies to capsula surrounding the spiral ganglion and inner ear nerve fiber was also seen in these patients. In additional 7 patients, the autoantibodies to spiral ganglion cell nucleus and inner ear nerve fiber was detected. In the 44 control persons, 9.1% of them have the autoantibodies to inner ear tissues(P

Objective To evaluate the three-dimensional contrast-enhanced MR venography in assessment of the lower extremityveins.Methods 15 patients with lower extremity veins thrombosis confirmed by operation,DSA or ultrasonic were undergone directthree-dimensional contrast-enhanced MR venography using GE Signa 1.0T MR system.The demonstration of the lower extremity veins wasobserved.Results 3D deep or superficial vein images of low abdomen,pelvis and low extremity were acquired satisfactorily in all 15patients.Conclusion Direct three-dimensional contrast-enhanced MR venography is a favorable method in accessing lower extremity veins.

The course evaluation scheme oriented ability cultivation was established. The for-mative evaluation indexes which were practiced in information retrieval course were divided into two indicators:classroom learning and performance including five secondary indexes(classroom discipline, classroom learning, homework, questions and answer questions online, personal essay and group dis-cussion reports) with the and seven observation points(pre-class preparation, teacher-student interac-tions, classroom discussions and classroom reports, experimental class performance, homework com-pletion, the utilization of network teaching platform, personal essay and group discussion), and these were practiced in the teaching of “information retrieval” curriculum, the usual results was composed with the usual academic performance and utilization of the network teaching platform. Finally, the practice results were discussed and summarized in order to cultivate the ability of the students who major in information management and to improve the teaching quality.