Objective To investigate the effect of electromyographic biofeedback therapy on upper extremity function in children with cerebral palsy(CP).Methods 20 CP children were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group with 10 cases in each group.All children of two groups were treated with Bobath therapy and regularly training of activities of daily living(ADL),physical therapy and occupational therapy,while those of the treatment group were given electromyographic biofeedback therapy with EMG-electrical stimulation.The active range of motion(AROM)of wrist dorsiflexion was evaluated and upper extremity function was assessed by Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA).Results The upper extremity function of all children in two groups improved and the effect of the children of the treatment group were superior to those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The electromyographic biofeedback therapy with EMG-electrical stimulation can improve the upper extremity function of CP children.

BACKGROUND: The relationship of trace element and human body health is increasingly paid more attention. Many trace elements are indispensable for organism. The lack of trace element is closely related to the occurrence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease, while the medicative effect of traditional Chinese medicine depends on the sorts and level of the contained trace elements.OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of Ca, Mg, Cu, Cr, Zn and Fe in 10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions for the treatment of cerebrovascular disease.SETTING: Medical Experimental Center of Jilin Medical College.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out in the Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology during March to May 2003. Ten traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions Naosaitong, Qiangli Tianma Duzhong Wan,Kangshuan Wan, Tongmai Ningxin Chongji, Rongshuan Jiaonang,Buchang Naoxintong, Dahuoluodan, Zhongfeng Huichun Wan, Xiaoshuan Tongluo Jioonang and Huatuo ZaizaoWan, purchased from market were selected for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular disease in this study.Strong HNO3 and grade-guaranteed reagent were made in Beijing Chemical Co. Ltd; HC1O4 and another kind of grade-guaranteed reagent were made in Tianjin Dongfang Chemical Co. Ltd.METHODS: Ten pills and 10 tablets were chosen and crushed evenly respectively. Two portions were equally chosen from each sample, 1.00 geach portion, and placed in ten 50 mL conical flask respectively. Then,strong HNO3 of 10 mL was used to envelop the conical flask, overnight. On the next day, strong HNO3 of 10 mL and HClO4 of 5 mL were respectively added into each flask, then which was slowly heated on the electric hot plate. When about 2 mL liquid was left in the conical flask, another 20 mL strong HNO3 and 5 mL HC1O4 were respectively added to further digest till the solution was achromatic and transparent, and flask was nearly dried.After cooled, the samples were transferred to a 25 mL volumetric flask and metered with 3% HNO3. The level of Ca, Mg, Cu, Cr, Zn and Fe 6 metallic elements in10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions was measured respectively with atomic absorption spectrophotometry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The level of Ca, Mg, Cu, Cr, Zn and Fe 6 metallic elements in 10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions.RESULTS: Among the levels of metallic elements in 10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions, the level of Mg was found the most in Rongshuan Jiaonang [(89.201 6±0.855 4) mg/g]; The level of Ca the most in Dahuoluodan [(14.312 5±0.507 0) mg/g]; Zn and Fe the most abundant in Kangshuan Wan [(60.487 5±1.639 8)mg/g and(980.081 2±15.395 9) mg/g respectively]; while the level of Cr very more in the Xiaoshuan Tongluo Jiaonang [(9.881 2±0.734 4) mg/g].CONCLUSION: Six metallic elements are all abundant in 10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions, but significant differences exist.Experimental results provide some evidences for investigating the relationship of the levels of metallic elements in 10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions and the therapeutic effect on treating cerebrovascular disease.

0.05).A similar amount of propofol was used in each group.A significantly higher dose of sufentanil was administered in the Group C(73.9?13.6 ?g)than in the Group A(24.3?4.9 ?g)and the Group B(35.4?8.1?g)(qC-A=237.924,P=0.000;qC-B=119.385,P=0.000).The expected time of recovering consciousness was shorter in the Group A and B than in the Group C.Conclusions Administered by target-controlled infusion with propofol,sufentanil dose-dependently reduces BIS and modifies hemodynamic responses during anesthesia induction.The target effect-site sufentanil concentration of 0.6 ng/ml combined with plasma propofol concentration of 3 ?g/ml is suitable for anesthesia induction for short-time laparoscopic operation.

0.05). The requirement of vasoactive drugs in the group A was significantly smaller than that in the group B (P

Objective To investigate the compound rhubarb gallnut gargle combined periodontal treatment effect on inflammatory factors in patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods 76 patients with chronic periodontitis from June 2014 to May 2015 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups,given periodontal treatment as control group,compound rhubarb gallnut gargle combined periodontal treatment as observation group,38 cases in each group,two groups were detected after treatment of gingival crevicular fluid levels of inflammation.Results After treatment,the gingival crevicular fluid of tumor necrosis factor-α(alpha TNF-α),high sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)and interleukin three(IL-6,IL-1 beta and IL-8)of two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,and the observation group of inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The gingival index(GI)and gingival bleeding index(SBI)of the two groups were were lower than those before treatment,and the GI and SBI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion In the treatment of chronic periodontitis,compound rhubarb gallnut gargle combined periodontal basic treatment effect,can significantly reduce the level of inflammation.

urine.Conclusion The metabolism of MAP in animals tissues and body fluids is related to the time elapsed after guinea pigs death.

ve To evaluate the performance of the target controlled infusion (TCI) system of midazolam for sedation during operation in terms of safety and ease of use in the elderly and the young. Methods Forty-four unpremedicated ASA I - II patients scheduled for elective surgery under epidural or combined spinal-epidural (CSE) anesthesia were included in this study. The patients were divided into two age groups: the elderly group aged 61-82 yr ( n = 22) and the young group aged 19-43 yr (n = 22) . Patients with neurological or severe cardiopulmonary diseases or abnormal liver or kidney function were excluded. The block height was maintained below T4. The TCI system consisted of Intel Pentium III 450 MHz computer and Graseby 3500 computerized infusion pump. The software we used was Stelpump Version 1.05 written by Pina and Coetzee and the pharmacokinetic model and parameter were described by Arram and Buhrer. The effect site concentration of midazolam was targeted and started from 50ng?ml-1, then increased in increment of 50 ng?ml-1 (in the young group) or 25ng?ml-1 (in the elderly group) until the patient did not respond to light shaking (defined as unconsciousness) . Each incremental increase was maintained for 15 min. Arterial blood samples were taken in ten patients randomly selected from each group at 10 and 15min after each incremental increase of midazolam concentration for determination of plasma midazolam concentration by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) .Results The bias (median performance error) of the TCI system of midazolam was 7.9% in the elderly group and 11.6% in young groups. The precision (median absolute performance error) was 20.0% in both groups. They were clinically acceptable. Conclusions The TCI system of midzolam can provided sedation for patients undergoing surgery under spinal and/or epidural anesthesia safely and efficiently in both the old and young.

Objective To assess the changes in heart rate variability (HRV) during midazolam sedation with TCI in the elderly and young patients. Methods Thirty-eight ASA I - Ⅱ patients scheduled for elective surgery on lower abdomen or lower extremities under epidural or combined epidural-spinal anesthesia were divided into two groups of 19 patients each: the young group (18-40 yr) and the elderly group (60-89 yr). Radial artery was cannulated for intra-arterial pressure monitoring and blood sampling. HRV was monitored by HXD-1 monitoring system. HRV parameters included total power (TP), low frequency(LF), high frequency(HF), LF/HF, nuLF(LF/TP ?100%) and NuHF(HF/TP ? 100%) . The height of block was maintained below T5. TCI was used to achieve a rapid induction and maintenance of a stable target blood midazolam concentration. Target blood midazolam concentration was started from 50 ng/ml and gradually increased with increment of 25 ng/ml in elderly group or 50ng/ml in the young group until loss of consciousness (OAA/S =1). Arterial blood samples were taken at each target blood midazolam concentration for determination of blood midazolam concentration. HRV parameters were recorded at different OAA/S scores during both the induction of and recovery from sedation. Results With increasing depth of sedation, most of the HRV parameters (LF, nuLF, LF/HF and TP) decreased progressively, while nuHF increased and HF remained unchanged. During recovery from midazolam-induced sedation, HRV parameters returned gradually to the baseline values. OAA/S scores and HRV parameters were well correlated(r = 0.502-0.719). The trend of changes in HRV was consistent in both groups. At the same OAA/S score, most values of HRV parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. Only during deep sedation (OAA/S=1), values of all HRV parameters were significantly lower in the elderly group than those in the young group, except LF/HF. Conclusions During profound sedation (OAA/S=1) midazolam depresses the activity of the autonomic nervous system more markedly in the elderly than in the young, but the elderly without cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system disorders has the same ability to keep the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system as theyoung.

Objective To analyze the effects of dominant hand position on the quality of external chest compression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by the employment of the high-fidelity real-time feedback manikin system.Methods A total of 228 medical students of Wuhan University were enrolled in 2013 after standard CPR training courses.Participants were brought to a simulation scenario in which an adult happened to have heart arrest out of a hospital.Each studeut was asked to do five cycles of conventional CPR.In accordance with the dominant hand and the actual compressing hand position,the students were divided into dominant hand (DH) group and non-dominant hand (NH) group.Comparisons of chest compression rate,chest compression depth and chest recoil between two groups were carried out,respectively.The data were analyzed by the software of SPSS 13.0.Results There was no significant difference in overall chest compression rate between two groups (P ＞ 0.05) while the frequency distributions of chest compression rate showed differences (P ＜0.01),and chest compression rates above 100 cycle per min in DH group were higher than that in NH group (97％ vs.92％,P =0.002).There was significant differences in chest compression depth between two groups (DH 44±8 mm vs.NH 43±8mm,P=0.001).In NH group,the depth in cycle 5 (41 ±8) mm is obviously less than that in cycle 1 (44 ±7) mm,cycle 2 (43 ±7) mm and cycle 3 (43 ±8) mm.Totally,there was no differences in chest recoils between two groups [NH (98 ±8)％ vs.DH (97 ± 10)％,P =0.13],but full chest recoils were seen more in NH group (85％ vs.79％,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The dominant hand position can improve the quality of CPR resulted from the higher compression rate,deeper compression depth as well as delayed fatigue.

Through the excellent experiment of cardiovascular system in pathology, the prac-tice of the teaching reform was carried out such as combining flow model with real specimens, digital sections with light microscope slides, inserting the use of special staining experiments in combination with digital medical image analysis and the simulation of cardiovascular clinical pathological case dis-cussions. Linking theory with experiment teaching and experiment teaching with clinical practice was focused on, which not only stimulated students' interest in learning and their exploring thinking and hands-on ability, but also promoted them to obtain good learning effect, thus improving the teaching quality.