AIM To determine the contents of arillanin A,tenuifoliside A and tenuifoliside C in raw Polygalae Radix (root barks),Polygalae Radix duramen,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-processed Polygalae Radix,waterboiling Polygalae Radix and honey-processed Polygalae Radix.METHODS The analyses of 50％ methanol extracts from samples were performed on a 30 ℃ thermostatic Kromasil C18 column (250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％ formic acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 330 nm.RESULTS The contents of three oligosaccharide esters were the highest in raw Polygalae Radix,followed by those in honey-processed Polygalae Radix,and those in water-boiling Polygalae Radix were the lowest.These constituents also existed in Polygalae Radix duramen,but their contents were lower than those in root barks.CONCLUSION The ester bonds of oligosaccharide esters in Polygalae Radix may be hydrolyzed during processing,followed by the generation of small molecular organic acids.The medication of whole Polygalae Radix (root barks and duramen) can be taken into consideration in clinical practice to reduce toxicity and enhance efficacy.

OBJECTIVETo isolate and identify the chemical constituents from Verbena officinalis.

METHODThe compounds were isolated by means of chromatography and the structures were determined on the basis of physical and spectral analysis.

RESULTFour compounds were isolated and identified as apigenin (I), 4'-hydroxywogonin (II), verbenalin (III) and hastatoside (IV).

CONCLUSIONCompounds I and II were obtained from the genus for the first time.

Apigenin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavanones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Iridoid Glycosides ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Verbena ; chemistry

BACKGROUND:The physiochemical properties and bioactivity of composite scaffolds can be altered by different crosslinkers.OBJECTIVE:To compare the physiochemical properties and bioactivity of composite scaffolds composed of β-tricalcium phosphate and gelatin,which are crosslinked by 1％ genipin or gluteraldehyde,respectively.METHODS:Porous scaffolds composed of β-tricalcium phosphate and gelatin were made by phase separation/freeze-drying technique.Crosslinking time was 72 hours when genipin acted as a crosslinker and 24 hours when glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker.Physiochemical properties including porosity,degree of cross-linking,in vitro swelling ratio,degradation rate and compressive strength were detected.Bioactivities analyses were performed through co-culturing rabbit periosteal osteoblasts with 25％,50％ and 100％ scaffold extracts for 24,48,72 hours.The proliferation rate and cytotoxicity gradation were evaluated.In addition,bilateral 8-mm skull defects were made in 18 rabbits and repaired with scaffolds crosslinked by genipin or gluteraldehyde,respectively.Gross observation,X-ray analysis and histological observation were performed at 4,8 and 12 postoperative weeks.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The porosity,compressive strength and maximum compressive force showed no statistical difference between the two crosslinker groups.Compared with the gluteraldehyde group,higher degree of crosslinking and lower swelling ratio and degradation rate were observed in the genipin group (P ＜ 0.05).(2) In the genipin group,less than 50％ growth inhibition was observed when co-cultured with 100％ scaffold extract for 24 hours.Thus,the cytotoxicity was graded as 2,and the remains were graded as 1 or 0.In the gluteraldehyde group,excessive 50％ growth inhibition was observed when co-cultured with 100％ scaffold extract for 24 hours,and the cytotoxicity was graded as 3.For 25％ and 50％ subgroups (culture for 24 hours) and 100％ subgroup (culture for 48 hours),the cytotoxicity was graded as 2,and the remains were graded as 1.(3) X-ray and histological observation showed the in-growth of new bone tissues from the periphery of the defect and the scaffold degraded centripetally.New bone formation was better in the genipin group than the gluteraldehyde group at 8 and 12 postoperative weeks (P ＜ 0.05).To conclude,both genipin and gluteraldehyde can be used as crosslinkers to prepare the composite bone scaffold composed of β-tricalcium phosphate and gelatin.Two scaffolds have similar physicochemical properties;however,the former has a superior bioactivity except for a longer time for crosslinking with genipin.

OBJECTIVETo study the possible mechanism of aqueous extract of detoxified cottonseeds (CTN-W).

METHOD AND RESULTCTN-W 0.01, 0.03, 0.10, 0.30 mg.mL-1 was incubated directly with the synaptic membrane extracted from the cerebral cortex in rats, and adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity was detected by using radio-immunoassay.

RESULTShowed that CTN-W could activate AC in a dose-dependend manner. After incubation with PC12 cells in the presence of corticosterone 2 x 10(-4)mol.L-1 for 48 h, CTN-W 0.08, 0.4, 2 mg.mL-1 protected PC12 cells from the lesion induced by corticosterone.

CONCLUSIONAntidepressant and anxiolytic effects of CTN-W are related with the activation of AC-cAMP pathway in signal transduction system, thus protecting neurons from the lesion. These two aspects maybe partly form the mechanism of CTN-W's action.

Adenylyl Cyclases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Anti-Anxiety Agents ; pharmacology ; Antidepressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Corticosterone ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Gossypium ; chemistry ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; PC12 Cells ; drug effects ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Synaptic Membranes ; enzymology

Objective:To investigate the effects of levosimendan combined with Shengmai injection on pump failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction and its effects on tissue perfusion and oxygen metabolism. Methods:A total of 110 patients with acute myocardial infarction and pump failure who received treatment in Jiaozhou People's Hospital (South Branch) from July 2019 to December 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive either routine treatments including electrocardiography monitoring, oxygen saturation monitoring, oxygen therapy, dual antiplatelet therapy, statins, vasoactive drugs, and nitrates (control group, n = 55) or levosimendan combined with Shengmai injection based on routine treatments (observation group, n = 55) for 10 successive days. Curative efficacy, cardiac function, tissue perfusion, and oxygen metabolism capacity were compared between the control and observation groups. The 1-month mortality rate was compared between the two groups. Results:Total effective rate was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group [58.18% (32/55) vs. 38.18% (21/55), χ2 = 4.41, P < 0.05]. After treatment, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular ejection fraction, and stroke volume were superior in the observation group to in the control group ( t = 2.12, –5.85, –7.33, all P < 0.05). Oxygen partial pressure, oxygenation index, central venous oxygen saturation, lactate, lactate clearance rate, and urine volume in the observation group were (103.53 ± 9.85) mmHg, (247.69 ± 18.95) mmHg, (77.56 ± 3.59)%, (3.02 ± 0.45) mmol/L, (42.89 ± 5.22)%, (40.88 ± 1.64) mL/hour, respectively, and they were (95.47 ± 11.98) mmHg, (194.69 ± 16.52) mmHg, (70.88 ± 2.13)%, (3.58 ± 0.51) mmol/L, (36.89 ± 5.14)%, and (36.55 ± 2.23) mL/hour, respectively in the observation group. There were significant differences in these indices between the control and observation groups ( t = –3.85, –15.64, –11.87, 3.11, –6.07, –11.27, all P < 0.001). At 1 month of follow-up, mortality rate was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group [3.64% (2/55) vs. 16.36% (9/55), χ2 = 4.95, P < 0.05]. Conclusion:Levosimendan combined with Shengmai injection is a highly effective treatment for pump failure in acute myocardial infarction. It can improve cardiac function and tissue perfusion, increase oxygen metabolism capacity, and decrease mortality.

OBJECTIVETo establish a RP-HPLC method for determination of glycosides in Traditional Chinese Medicine Liu-wei Di-huang.

METHODThe samples were analyzed on an ODS column at 30 degrees C, with mobile phase of methanol/water (33:67) at flow rate 1.0 mL.min and detection at wavelength of 236 nm.

RESULTThree major components reached base-line separation and were identified to be mononiside, loganin, paeoniflorin. Respectively for the three components, linear correlations were found between peak areas and concentrations in the ranges of 7.4-60, 7.7-62 mg.L-1 and 8.5-68 mg.L-1, and the recoveries were 98.8%, 98.3%, 99.6%.

CONCLUSIONThe established method is proved to be suitable for simultaneous quantification of three major glycosidic components in Liuwei Dihuang decoction and can be used for evaluation of the quality of Liuwei Dihuang preparations.

Benzoates ; analysis ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Cornus ; chemistry ; Dioscorea ; chemistry ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Iridoids ; analysis ; Monoterpenes ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Rehmannia ; chemistry

Objective To evaluate the quality of life in pregnant women with hepatitis B positive and to explore its influencing factors. Methods Eighty pregnant women with positive hepatitis B were randomly selected from Jan. to Apr. 2018 in Jianyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital as the case group, and 323 normal pregnant women were selected as the control group. A face-to-face survey was conducted using the Concise Health Survey Scale SF-36. t test, ANOVA and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analysis. Results The scores of PF and RP in the case group were lower than those in the control group, and the scores of GH in the case group were higher than those in the control group. Analysis of the factors affecting the quality of life of the case group found that the more severe the early pregnancy reaction, the lower the quality of life score. Conclusions The PF and RP of pregnant women with hepatitis B positive in Jianyang City are worse than those of normal pregnant women. Comprehensive measures should be taken to improve their quality of life.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the practical method of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technique combined with sural neurovascular pedicle fasciocutaneous flap to repair deep wounds in the foot near the ankle joint with exposed bone and tendons.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to January 2009, 79 patients with deep wounds in the foot near the ankle joint with exposed bone and tendons were treated by VSD technique combined with sural neurovascular pedicle fasciocutaneous flap including 58 males and 21 females with an average age of 34 years old ranging from 7 to 59 years. There were 17 cases in low 1/3 part of leg and achilles tendon, 28 in lateral malleolus and lateral dorsum of foot, 21 in medial malleolus and medial dorsum of foot, 13 in heel and pelma. Firstly the wounds were debrided and cultivated by using VSD technique, then the soft tissue defections were repaired with sural neurovascular pedicle fasciocutaneous flap.

RESULTSThe area of flap was from 6 cm x 5 cm to 18 cm x 15 cm; All patients stayed in hospital for 14 to 30 days, 18 days in average. Living flaps of all patients were followed-up from 6 months to 3 years, the flaps of 2 patients were mostly necrotic, 3 were necrotic, 5 cases appeared obstacle of venous back streaming. The others survived with no infections.

CONCLUSIONThe wound would become fresh and clean as soon as possible with VSD. The sural neurovascular pedicle fasciocutaneous flap could provide a good covering for the exposed wound. Therefore the wound healed faster with friction resistance and fine appearance. The time of hospitalization were greatly shortened after combined application.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ankle Joint ; surgery ; Child ; Drainage ; methods ; Female ; Foot Injuries ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Vacuum

OBJECTIVETo review the operative technique of trephine arthrodesis of subtalar joints and evaluate its clinical effect.

METHODSFrom June 1998 to October 2006, we performed subtalar arthrodesis on 38 feet of 34 patients for a variety of painful disorders of hindfoot with trephine technique. Clinical and radiologic follow-up evaluations were performed for 45 months on average (range, 21 to 110 months) after arthrodesis.

RESULTSNo severe complications were found in this study except one patient with dropfoot and two with skin necrosis. The average ankle-hindfoot scores of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) was improved from 48.3 preoperatively to 79.2 postoperatively (P<0.05). The pain scores of visual analogue scales (VAS) decreased from 7.2 (range, 3 to 10) preoperatively to 2.6 (range, 1 to 6) postoperatively (P<0.05). Subjectively, the patients experienced improvements in pain, function, cosmesis, and shoewearing. Overall, 30 patients were satisfied and all patients would have this procedure again under similar circumstances. Postoperative radiology showed that complete union was found in 35 feet 6 months after operation, with the successful union rate of 92.1%. There was an increase in arthritic scores for 5 ankles, 4 talonavicular joints, 4 calcaneocuboid joints, and 4 midfoot joints. Nonunion occurred in 3 subtalar joints with anterolateral approach, which required revision arthrodesis.

CONCLUSIONIsolated subtalar arthrodesis with trephine method is an effective procedure for painful malalignment of hindfoot.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthrodesis ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Measurement ; Subtalar Joint ; surgery