Objective To explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of somatostatin on liver injury in acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis(AHNP) in rats.Methods Murine model of AHNP was established by retrograde injection of artificial bile into the biliopancreatic duct.The animals were divided into sham operation group(S group), AHNP saline injection group(AHNP group), and AHNP octreotide treated group. TLR2,4 mRNA expressions and NF-?B expressions in the liver tissue at 3,6 and 12h after operation were measured.Results TLR2,4 mRNA in liver tissue in the AHNP group began to rise at 3h,and peaked at 12 h(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) during focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Thirty pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 12-16 months,weighing 300-360 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group Sham),focal cerebral I/R group (group I/R),and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Focal cerebral I/R was induced by occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery.In group D,dexmedetomidine was given as a loading dose of 1 μg/kg (over 10 min) starting from 1 h of ischemia,followed by an infusion of 0.05 μg · kg-1 · h-1 until 2 h of reperfusion.Neurological deficit was assessed and scored at 24 h of reperfusion,and then the rats were sacrificed.Brains were removed for determination of cerebral infarct size and expression of iNOS and COX-2 in the hippocampus (by Western blot).The percentage of cerebral infarct size was calculated.Results Compared with group Sham,the neurological deficit score,percentage of head swing to the left,percentage of cerebral infarct size,and expression of iNOS and COX-2 in the hippocampus were significantly increased in I/R and D groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/R,the neurological deficit score,percentage of head swing to the left,percentage of cerebral infarct size,and expression of iNOS and COX-2 in the hippocampus were significantly decreased in group D (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine mitigates focal cerebral I/R injury may be related to inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression in rats.

Objective To investigate the results of different measuring procedures of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) trueness verification scheme in China.Methods Cross sectional survey.The data were collected via the External Quality Assessment (EQA) software from laboratories participated in the First HbA1c trueness verification EQA.Then the collected data were divided into several groups based on laboratory instruments and the data from less than 5 group were excluded.The observed imprecision, bias and sigma (σ) were calculated and the bias％ and CV％ were drew in the sigma chart.The average bias％, CV％ and weighted average σ of each level were also calculated.Results Total 123 laboratories were divided into 9 groups and setting 6％ as the Allowable Total Error, the average bias％, CV％ and weighted average σ of 201411 (target value was 5.4％) were 3.70％, 4.55％ and 0.51 respectively σ, of 201412 (target value was 7.8％)were 2.42％ , 3.56％ and 1.24σ respectively.None of the group achieved the 2σ quality of 201411, and 1 group achieved the 2σ quality of 201412.Conclusions There are obvious biases among the results of many measuring systems and the target value assigned by reference measuring procedures of HbA1c, as well as the imprecision.The Sigma External Quality Assessment Chart is a visual tool, indicating that the quality of measuring systems necessitate improvement therefore to ensure the reliability of results and make better use of HbA1c in clinical application.

Objective To investigate whether the new mechanically-activated (MA) cation channel Piezo 1 protein can cause the apoptosis of human chondrocytes under compressive loading,using a Flexercell unit by activating MAPK/ERK5 signal pathway.Methods Primary human chondrocytes were isolated,cultured,and then subjected to the static compressive loading for 2 h,12 h,24.h and 48 h,respectively.The GsMTx4,which is the special inhibitor of the Piezo1 protein and the BIX02188,which is the inhibitor of the ERK5 served as the inhibitor group.The immunofluorescence was used to locate the expression of the Piezo 1 protein.The expressions of Piezo1 and ERK5 were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),as well as the apoptosis gene B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2),Bcl-associated X protein (Bax) and Bcl-associated death promoter (BAD).In addition,Piezo1 inhibitor,GsMTx4,was used to block the MA cation channel Piezo1,served as the inhibitor group.AVPI was used to detect the apoptosis of the OA chondrocytes.Results The location of the Piezo1 was expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm of chondrocytes.The expression of the Piezo1,ERK5,BAD,and Bax mRNA in the OA chondrocytes is weak.The 12 h stretch force group was significant increased,and the 24 h stretch force group was the highest expression.However,the expression of the 48 h group was decreasing.The expression of the Bcl-2 in the 12 h group was decreasing,and the 12 h stretch force group was the lowest expression while the 24 h stretch force group was increasing.In the GsMTx4 group,the expression of the Piezo1,ERK5,BAD,Bax was decreasing while the Bcl-2 was increasing.In the BIX02188 group,the expression of the ERKS,BAD,Bax was increasing while the Bcl-2 was decreasing,while the expression of the Piezo1 was not change.The result of AV-PI shown that the 2 h stretch force group increased early stage of apoptosis.The 12 h stretch force group increased late stage of apoptosis,and the 24 h stretch force group's apoptotic rate was the highest.However,the apoptotic rate of the 48 h group was lower than the 24 h stretch force group.The GsMTx4 could inhibit the late stage of apoptosis.Conclusion Piezo 1 plays an important role in the apoptosis of human chondrocyte through the MAPK/ERK5 signal pathway.

Blood Coagulation Tests ; Coagulation Protein Disorders ; blood ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Young Adult

Objective To promote the progress in varicella-zoster virus (VZV) immunoglobulin preparation,a rapid microneutralization test ( RMNt) was set up for screening plasmapheresis donations with high titers of special neutralizing antibodies to VZV.Methods With reference to the VZV immunoglobulin (VZIG) preparation standard of FDA and VZIG international unit ( IU) , a screening standard was formulated; the amount of virus was analyzed to determine the optimal conditions for RMNt;screening technology was established and the IU was introduced as quality control ;twenty samples of apheresis plasma and fifteen samples of pooled plasma were diluted at 1∶2 to 1∶256 and tested by RMNt respectively;and the sensitivity of RMNt was also analyzed by the commercial ELISA kit .Results Plasma samples that were diluted at 1∶16 and had a titer more than 0.4 U/ml could be used in the production of VZIG .1500 PFU/ml titers of virus in RMNt pro-duced readable results in plasma screening .Eight apheresis plasma samples tested met the screening standard , but none of the pooled samples tested positive .RMNt had a good linear relationship with ELISA (r=0.895 24,P<0.0001).Conclu-sion The sensitivity, throughput and operability of the established RMNt can be used in the screening of plasma donations as key techniques for the production of VZIG .

Objective Moyamoya disease is a progressive cerebrovascular occlusive disease. The etiology of the disease is unknown. most think that Moyamoya usually presents with cerebral ischemia in children and intracranial hemorrhage in adults. But we have some adults present with cerebral ischemia .This article will help us know better about moyamoya disease in adults present with cerebral ischemia. And will let us know better about treatment and prognosis of this disease.Methods We reviewed our experience 88 adults angiographically diagnosed patients with moyamoya. There are 49 patients with moyamoya disease initially present with cerebral ischemia. We report their clinical presentation, radiological findings, management, and clinical outcomes. Results The incidence of moyamoya disease presents with cerebral ischemia is 55.7% in adults .The mean age of patients at symptom onset was 32 years (range, 18~64 years). Ischemic strokes or transient ischemic attacks were the predominant initial presentations.7 cases present intracranial haemorrhage in follow-up period. There was no difference in clinical representation, image and cerebral infarction in this 7 case.Conclusions Moyamoya usually presents with cerebral ischemia in adults higher than we think. diagnosis and treatment of moyamoya disease in adults is essential to minimize residual mental and physiologic deficits. If we find patients 30-40 years old ,with cerebral infarction that can’t explain in conventional mode, we should pursuit these patients, in order to exclude Moyamoya disease .Structured multicenter randomized clinical trials are needed to further assess the best treatment modalities for patients with moyamoya.

Panax ginseng is a precious medicinal herb both in China and abroad with high medicinal and economic value.Ginseng disease has been recognized as the main factor restricting its application.Modern molecular biology for the disease resistance of ginseng promoted the development of new methods.In this study,it was found that the antimicrobial proteins of ginseng involved lipid transfer protein,cyclophilin,defensins,PR-4 and PR-10,showing inhibitory effects on various pathogens.These findings provided a reference for the control of ginseng diseases.

In accordance with the General Hospital Accreditation Standards Ⅲ (2011) and other HAI-related hospital guidelines,a quantitative assessment index system for infection control of general hospitals has been established.Based on these,departmental performance of the hospital has been regularly checked in their infection control,and the outcomes of assessment included into the performance appraisal system of the hospital.Thanks to this practice,there have been no outbreaks of hospital associated infections in the hospital in recent two years,the incidence of hospital associated infection decreased from 1.25％ in 2012 to 1.05％ in 2013.Proper hand hygiene rates,compliance rates increased from 45.3％ and 26.9 ％ in 2012 to 92.4 ％and 65.5 ％ in 2013.The index system for evaluating prevention and control of hospital associated infection is scientific and effective.