Objective To explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of somatostatin on liver injury in acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis(AHNP) in rats.Methods Murine model of AHNP was established by retrograde injection of artificial bile into the biliopancreatic duct.The animals were divided into sham operation group(S group), AHNP saline injection group(AHNP group), and AHNP octreotide treated group. TLR2,4 mRNA expressions and NF-?B expressions in the liver tissue at 3,6 and 12h after operation were measured.Results TLR2,4 mRNA in liver tissue in the AHNP group began to rise at 3h,and peaked at 12 h(P

Objective To investigate whether the new mechanically-activated (MA) cation channel Piezo 1 protein can cause the apoptosis of human chondrocytes under compressive loading,using a Flexercell unit by activating MAPK/ERK5 signal pathway.Methods Primary human chondrocytes were isolated,cultured,and then subjected to the static compressive loading for 2 h,12 h,24.h and 48 h,respectively.The GsMTx4,which is the special inhibitor of the Piezo1 protein and the BIX02188,which is the inhibitor of the ERK5 served as the inhibitor group.The immunofluorescence was used to locate the expression of the Piezo 1 protein.The expressions of Piezo1 and ERK5 were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),as well as the apoptosis gene B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2),Bcl-associated X protein (Bax) and Bcl-associated death promoter (BAD).In addition,Piezo1 inhibitor,GsMTx4,was used to block the MA cation channel Piezo1,served as the inhibitor group.AVPI was used to detect the apoptosis of the OA chondrocytes.Results The location of the Piezo1 was expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm of chondrocytes.The expression of the Piezo1,ERK5,BAD,and Bax mRNA in the OA chondrocytes is weak.The 12 h stretch force group was significant increased,and the 24 h stretch force group was the highest expression.However,the expression of the 48 h group was decreasing.The expression of the Bcl-2 in the 12 h group was decreasing,and the 12 h stretch force group was the lowest expression while the 24 h stretch force group was increasing.In the GsMTx4 group,the expression of the Piezo1,ERK5,BAD,Bax was decreasing while the Bcl-2 was increasing.In the BIX02188 group,the expression of the ERKS,BAD,Bax was increasing while the Bcl-2 was decreasing,while the expression of the Piezo1 was not change.The result of AV-PI shown that the 2 h stretch force group increased early stage of apoptosis.The 12 h stretch force group increased late stage of apoptosis,and the 24 h stretch force group's apoptotic rate was the highest.However,the apoptotic rate of the 48 h group was lower than the 24 h stretch force group.The GsMTx4 could inhibit the late stage of apoptosis.Conclusion Piezo 1 plays an important role in the apoptosis of human chondrocyte through the MAPK/ERK5 signal pathway.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) during focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Thirty pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 12-16 months,weighing 300-360 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group Sham),focal cerebral I/R group (group I/R),and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Focal cerebral I/R was induced by occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery.In group D,dexmedetomidine was given as a loading dose of 1 μg/kg (over 10 min) starting from 1 h of ischemia,followed by an infusion of 0.05 μg · kg-1 · h-1 until 2 h of reperfusion.Neurological deficit was assessed and scored at 24 h of reperfusion,and then the rats were sacrificed.Brains were removed for determination of cerebral infarct size and expression of iNOS and COX-2 in the hippocampus (by Western blot).The percentage of cerebral infarct size was calculated.Results Compared with group Sham,the neurological deficit score,percentage of head swing to the left,percentage of cerebral infarct size,and expression of iNOS and COX-2 in the hippocampus were significantly increased in I/R and D groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/R,the neurological deficit score,percentage of head swing to the left,percentage of cerebral infarct size,and expression of iNOS and COX-2 in the hippocampus were significantly decreased in group D (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine mitigates focal cerebral I/R injury may be related to inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression in rats.

Objective To investigate the results of different measuring procedures of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) trueness verification scheme in China.Methods Cross sectional survey.The data were collected via the External Quality Assessment (EQA) software from laboratories participated in the First HbA1c trueness verification EQA.Then the collected data were divided into several groups based on laboratory instruments and the data from less than 5 group were excluded.The observed imprecision, bias and sigma (σ) were calculated and the bias％ and CV％ were drew in the sigma chart.The average bias％, CV％ and weighted average σ of each level were also calculated.Results Total 123 laboratories were divided into 9 groups and setting 6％ as the Allowable Total Error, the average bias％, CV％ and weighted average σ of 201411 (target value was 5.4％) were 3.70％, 4.55％ and 0.51 respectively σ, of 201412 (target value was 7.8％)were 2.42％ , 3.56％ and 1.24σ respectively.None of the group achieved the 2σ quality of 201411, and 1 group achieved the 2σ quality of 201412.Conclusions There are obvious biases among the results of many measuring systems and the target value assigned by reference measuring procedures of HbA1c, as well as the imprecision.The Sigma External Quality Assessment Chart is a visual tool, indicating that the quality of measuring systems necessitate improvement therefore to ensure the reliability of results and make better use of HbA1c in clinical application.

Blood Coagulation Tests ; Coagulation Protein Disorders ; blood ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Young Adult

Achalasia is an esophageal motility disorder involving the smooth muscle layer of the esophagus and the lower esophageal sphincter. It is characterized by difficulty swallowing, regurgitation, and sometimes chest pain. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) was developed by Inoue to provide a less invasive permanent treatment for esophageal achalasia. We applied this method to cure successfully a 47-year-old female with achalasia. The procedure was as follows: after creating submucosal tunnel, endoscopic myotomy of circular muscle bundles was carried out at approximately 16 cm in total length ( 15 cm in distal esophagus and 1 cm in cardia). Smooth passing of endoscope through gastroesophageal junction was confirmed at the end of the procedure. The third day after POEM, the barium meal examination revealed the barium smoothly passed though the cardia. The short-term outcome of POEM for achalasia was excellent, and further studies on long-term efficacy and on comparison of POEM with other interventional therapies are awaited.

Objective To investigate the significance of PI3K/AKT signal transduetion pathway in gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).Methods The expression of PI3K、Akt、PTEN were detected with RT-PCR and Westem-blot of tumor specimens from 124 GIST cases and the corresponding normal gastric mucosa.Results In gastrointestinal stromal tumors,the tumor suppressor gene-PTEN was on low expression as with the inereased expression of PI3K and Akt.The positive expression rate of PTEN,PI3K and Akt was not statistically correlated with patients'demographics and tumor histological type,but they are significantly correlated with lymphatic metastasis and mucosal invasion.The expression of PI3 K and Akt are of significantly positive correlation(r=0.292,P=0.031).The expression of PI3K and PTEN are of significantly negetive correlation(r=-0.412,P=0.036).The expression of PTEN and Akt are of significantly negetive correlation(r=-0.386,P=0.024).Conclusion PI3 K/Akt and P,PTEN may have bean on reciprocally suppressive effect during the development of GIST.

Objective To explore the relationship between the status of the cervical lymphatic metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)at cNo stage and tumor recurrence and the patient' s prognosis.Methods The clinical data of 498 cNo PTC patients admitted from 1986 to 1990 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the patients were followed up for more than 10 years.16 patients died of PTC,among them 3 for metastasis,13 for local recurrence.The total cervical lymphatic metastasis rate in these 498 patients was 52.2％,in 260 cases in which detailed data were available: rate was 14.1％ in zone Ⅱ,27.1％ in zone Ⅲ,24.6％ in zone Ⅳ,12.5％ in zone Ⅴ,and 20.1％ in zone Ⅵ respectively.According to the appearances of microscopic pathology,the cervical lymphatic metastasis rates in 498 cases of cNo PTC were collected as following: uncapsuled group was 65.6％,extracapsular group was 64.5％,extralobal group was 56.5％,involved the surrounding tissue and structure group was 52.0％,focal cancerous focus group was 33.3％,latent sclerosis group was 26.9％,encapsuled and introcapsule group was 0.The cervical recurrence rate was only 2％ in the complete function neck dissection group and 9.9％ in the selective center neck dissection group.Conclusions In cNo PTC the most common cause of death was local recurrence.Prophylactic function complete neck dissection should be performed for cNo PTC cases of highly invasive type such as without tumor capsule,extracapsular,extralobal or surrounding tissue invasion.

Objective To evaluate the application effect of UK manual moving & handling skills in the training of preventing occupational lower back pain among nursing professionals,and explore effective ways of training on preventing occupational lower back pain to nursing professionals.Methods 86 nursing students,94 nurses with 12 months' work experience,and 88 nurses with work experience over 5 years were randomized selected,and they each were divided into the experimental group and the control group.For 86 nursing students,43 students in each group; For 94 nurses with 12 months' work experience,47 nurses in each group; For 88 nurses with work experience over 5 years,44 nurses in each group.A routine taught training was given to both groups,while the experimental group received an extra 25 academic hours' structured OLBP prevention training.Comprehensive proposition was used to assess theoretic learning outcome of all participants,and practical skills of all participants were tested through institutional cases.Ressults There was significant statistical difference between scores of participants from two groups,and the scores of the experimental group in nurses with 12 months' work experience were different from the experimental groups of nursing students and nurses with work experience over 5 years.Conclusions Structured OLBP prevention training should lead occupational health prevention and health promotion concepts,apply numerous teaching approaches,emphasize the content of maintaining physical and psychiatric health and occupational protection management,set new-enrolled nurses as the main focused group of training.

BACKGROUND:Recently, a neuroprotective effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was reported in a model of cerebral infarction and a model of acute spinal cord injury. However, the applied animal model was not established by impact method, different from pathophysiological process of human.
OBJECTIVE:To observe effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on motor function in a rat model of spinal cord injury induced by Al en’s method.
METHODS:Wistar rats were used to establish spinal cord injury at T 10 level using modified Al en’s method. They were randomly assigned to two groups, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor group, treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and vehicle group, treated with equal volume of PBS. The motor function was evaluated with Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan score and modified Rivlin loxotic plate test monitored at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days, and four-limb muscle strength was assessed using Grid walk test at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days post-operatively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hind limbs paralysis occurred in al animals postoperatively. Scores of Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan and modified Rivlin loxotic plate test were greater in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor group compared with vehicle group at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days (P<0.05-0.01);mean Grid walk test errors were less in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor group compared with vehicle group at 14, 21, 28 and 35 days (P<0.05-0.01). Results indicate that motor function and four-limb muscle strength were improved fol owing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy compared with vehicle group, indicating that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor has a positive effect on spinal cord injury.