The development of proteomic technique has sparked new focus on novel protein markers for many diseases including cancer. Urine is one of the most useful biofluids for routine testing to provide an ideal resource for the discovery of novel biomarkers, with the advantage over tissue biopsy samples due to the ease and the less invasive nature of urinary collection. This review summarizes urinary protein tumor markers found in prostate cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer and breast cancer that have shown potential for urogenital and non-urogenital cancer, so as to provide reference on high sensitive and high specific urinary protein tumor markers for early prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Objective To evaluate the effect of individualized and quantified rehabilitation exercise after te-nosuture of the digital flexor tendon. Methods One hundred and eighty cases of digital flexor tendon tenosuture were randomly divided into a quantification group and a control group. For the quantification group, the maximal ten-sile strength against rupture (Fmax) was measured during the operation. After splinting, the length of an elastic bandwas measured when there was a 2 mm clearance between the 2 ends of the sutured tendon, and the protective device was then fixed with all its parameters unchanged in the whole study. For the control group, Fmax was not measured and there was no protective device during training. Both groups were subdivided into subgroups A and B according to the daily training frequency. Training frequencies of 3 or 6 times per day were applied to the two subgroups. Results After 3 months of rehabilitation treatment, there was no re-rupture in the quantification group, but 6 cases of re-rup-ture occurred in the control group. 91% of the eases in the quantification group were evaluated as excellent or good, while in the control group 80% of the cases were evaluated as excellent or good. Clinical efficacy was significantly better in the quantification subgroup receiving 6 treatments per day than in any other subgroup. Conclusions Indi-vidualized and quantified rehabilitation exercise can prevent tendon re-rupture after tenosuture. 6 sessions of training per day may be better than 3 sessions per day.

Objective By learning about the current basic situation of research on national scientific and technological achievements of three species of Chinese herbal, Radix Angelicas, Radix Astragall and Radix Codonopsis, to reveal the features in literature and research content, and provide reference for related research in future. Methods By using content analysis approach, the basic situation of achievements, the research content of achievements, and assessment and application of achievements were classified and statistically analyzed by classifying and statistical function of computer. Results The provinces that rank the top of national scientific and technological achievements of the three species of Chinese herbal were Gansu, Hebei and Shandong. The achievements were mainly undertaken by college or university, hospital and scientific research institutions. The source of project achievements mainly originated from local project and optional project. The research content of the achievements largely focused on the fields like drug therapeutic effect, pharmaceutical preparation, cultivation techniques, storing and processing. Conclusion In the database (HowNet) of national scientific and technological achievements, the amplification of national scientific and technological achievements of the three species of Chinese herbal is slow, the achievements mainly focus on application technology, the conversion rate of achievements is low, and large amount of data of achievement items in database is missing.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and risk factors of spondyloarthropathy with anterior uveitis. Methods The clinical and laboratory data of 86 patients with spondyoarthropathy associated with anterior uveitis in our hospital were collected, analyzed and summarized from March 2005 to December 2008, and the patients were followed up as closely as possible. The data of the 86 patients were compared with 93 patients who had spondyloarthropathy without anterior uveitis at the same period. All data were analyzed by using SPSS11.5 software package. Results Compared with non-ophthalmia group, ophthalmia group had significantly longer course[(11 ±8)vs(5±6), P＜0.01], and higher proportion of positive family history(27.9%vs 9.7%, P＜0.01), the proportion of low back pain at night, morning stiffness, spinal deformity, limitation of waist-bending and severe sacroiliac joint lesions were all significantly higher(P＜0.05), HLA-B27 positive rate was significantly higher as well(92.2% vs 81.5%, P＜0.05). The attack of uveitis usually had seasonality and precipitating cause. The patients with anterior uveitis as first symptom had significant higher frequency of ophthalmitis(P＜0.01), the ratio of eye permanent lesions was also significantly higher(P＜0.01). The frequencies of attack were positively correlated with the course of disease(r=0.294, P=0.006), Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that the incidence risk of ophthalmia were related to the course of disease(P=0.013, OR=1.099, 95%CI 1.030～1.183)and severe sacroiliac joint lesions(P=0.012, OR=3.071, 95%CI 1.286 ～7.314). Conclusion The spondyloarthropathy associated with anterior uveitis had its own characteristics, We should pay attention to the risk factors of anterior uveitis,and prevent the recurrence of ophthalmia.

Objective To investigate the relationship between cognitive function and emotional status in functional constipation patients.Methods Thirty-five functional constipation patients (the functional constipation group) and 24 healthy controls (the HCs) were enrolled in an event-related potential (ERP),behavior and electroeneephalogram study while performing an oddball auditory task.Response time,accuracy,latency and P300 amplitude were compared between the two groups.The Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-17),Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA),symptom check list-90 (SCL-90) and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) were administered prior to the oddball task.Results The average HAMD-17,HAM A and SCL-90 (the somatization,obsessive-compulsive disorder,depression,anxiety and psychosis dimensions) scores of the functional constipation group differed significantly from those of the HCs.The intro-extraversion and neurosis dimensions of the EPQ were also significantly different.There was no significant difference in response time or latency between the two groups.The ERP results showed that the P300 amplitudes at the F3 and F7 sites were significantly different between the functional constipation group and the HCs.But there was no significant difference in P300 latencies at F3 or F7 between the two groups.Conclusions The findings suggest that patients with functional constipation are more susceptible to depression and anxiety,as well as somatization,obsessive-compulsive tendencies and other neurotic personality characteristics.Patients may employ psychological defense mechanisms to avoid the depression and anxiety.The ERP results imply there may be the implicit cognitive dysfunction with emotion in patients with functional constipation.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and normal laryngeal mucosa (NLM), and to analysize the relationship between the expression and the clinicopathologic parameters of LSCC. METHOD: Immunohistochemical technique (Envision) was used to detect the expression of DNA-PK in 64 cases of LSCC and 15 cases of NLM. To investigate an investigation was conducted on the relationship between the expression and clinico-pathological features of LSCC. RESULT: DNA-PK was lowly expressed in NLM and highly expressed in LSCC,the positive rate of DNA-PK expression was 26.67% (4/15), 78.13% (50/64), respectively, and there was significant different difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Its expression was correlated with the level of histodifferentiation (P < 0.05), but not with TNM stages and neck lymph node metastasis (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION DNA-PK may be involved in disease development of LSCC.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; enzymology ; pathology ; DNA-Activated Protein Kinase ; metabolism ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Mucosa ; enzymology ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Larynx ; enzymology ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Objective: To compare the effects of Cox proportional hazard regression model (Cox model) and extreme gradient boosting model ( XGBoost model ) on the prediction of the mortality of acute paraquat poisoning (APP). Methods: The APP cases admitted to Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital and Shandong Provincial Hospital from January 1st of 2018 to December 1st of 2020 was recruited and divided into a training group and a verification group by a random number table. The Cox model and XGBoost model were established to select the predictors for APP mortality. Receiver operating characteristic ( ROC ) curve was drawn to analyze the predictive power of the two models, and the calibration was evaluated using Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Results: Totally 150 APP cases were recruited. There were 75 cases each in the training group and in the verification group, with 52 and 55 cases died respectively, accounting for 69.33% and 73.33%. The Cox model showed that paraquat intake, the time from taking poison to seeing a doctor, the time for the first perfusion, the time for the first vomiting, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, white blood cell, lactic acid, creatine kinase isoenzymes, glucose, serum calcium and serum potassium were the predictors of APP mortality ( all P<0.05 ). The XGboost model showed that the predictive power of the factors in a descending order were the time from taking poison to seeing a doctor, the time for the first vomiting, the time for the first perfusion, lactic acid, white blood cell, paraquat intake, serum creatinine, serum potassium, serum calcium, creatine kinase isoenzymes, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen and alanine aminotransferase. The area under curve ( AUC ) of the XGBoost model for predicting was 0.972, which was greater than 0.921 of the Cox model ( P<0.05 ). The predicted results of the Cox model and XGBoost model were consistent with the actual situation ( P>0.05 ). Conclusion The Cox model and XGBoost model are consistent in predicting the mortality of APP, but the latter is better.

Abstract: Objective　To understand the characteristics of mutations associated with resistance among 72 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) strains using whole genome sequencing (WGS) and to evaluate the performance of WGS for predicting MDR-TB drug resistance. Methods　The clinical strains isolated from patients who visited the outpatient department of Tianjin Center for Tuberculosis Control from January to September in 2020 were collected. Identification tests using p-nitrobenzoic acid (PNB) medium were performed. Drug susceptibility tests (proportion method) on L-J medium were performed. After excluding duplicate strains, 72 MDR-TB strains were selected for WGS. Data were analyzed by using online databases and the phenotypic drug susceptibility test results were compared with resistance profiles predicted by WGS. Results　All of 72 MDR-TB strains belonged to linage 2, and there was no significant difference in rate of pre-extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB) between modern type and ancestral type (χ2=0.287, P=0.592). A total of 81 mutation types were found from resistance-related genes for 12 anti-tuberculosis drugs, and the common mutation types in different drug-resistant strains were: streptomycin (SM): rpsL Lys43Arg; isoniazid (INH): katG Ser315Thr; rifampicin (RIF): rpoB Ser450Leu; ethambutol (EMB): embB Met306Val; ofloxacin (OFX), levofloxacin (LFX), moxifloxacin (MFX): gyrA Asp94Gly; kanamycin (KAM), capreomycin (CAP), amikacin (AMK): rrs 1401a>g; para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS): folC Ile43Thr. Nine mutation types were found in 9 prothionamide (PTO)-resistant strains, one type for each strain. The sensitivity and specificity of WGS for predicting resistance to different drugs were SM: 98.15% and 88.89%, INH: 90.28% and -, RIF: 98.62% and -, EMB: 79.49% and75.76%, OFX: 97.30% and 85.71%, KAM: 85.71% and 98.46%, PAS: 27.27% and 95.08%, PTO: 81.82% and 60.66%, CAP: 60.00% and 98.51%, LFX: 97.22% and 83.33%, MFX: 97.30% and 85.71%, AMK:100.00% and 100.00%, respectively. Conclusion　WGS is a rapid and promising method which has high consistency with the phenotypic drug sensitivity test. Therefore, it has good application prospects in predicting drug resistance in MDR-TB.

Using MRS medium, as imitating gastroenteric environments, such as low pH (1.5-4.5) and high bile salt (0.1%~0.4%), the antagonistic properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus were studied. At the same time, the antimicrobial activities on pathogenic E. coli and S. aureus in the intestinal tract and antibiotic tolerance of Lacto-bacillus acidophilus were also studied. The results indicated that Lactobacillus acidophilus survived at pH 2.5 - 4.5 after 6h culture and the living bacterial number could reach 107cfu/mL. One strain even survived at pH 1.5; that living bacterial number were above 106cfu/mL at the 0.1% -0.3% bile salt and a strain survived in 0.4% after 4h culture; that antimicrobial activities to the pathogenic E. coli and 5. aureus were obvious; and that the tolerance to Penicillin and Roxithromycin was medium and power.

Objective To study the effects of.breathing booster training and aerosol inhalation with terbutaline and ambroxol on pulmonary function in postoperative lung cancer patients. Methods A total of 84 patients requiring resection operations for lung cancer were randomly divided into treatment and control groups.In the peri-operative period,breathing booster training and terbutaline and ambroxol aerosol inhalation were given to the treatment group,while only aerosol inhalation was given to the control group.Therapeutic effects were evaluated according to patients pulmonary function and postoperative complications 2 weeks and 1 day before the operation,and again 2 weeks after the operation.Postoperative quality of life (QOL) was evaluated with St.George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) 1 month after the operation. Results There was no statistically significant difference in average pulmonary function between the two groups 2 weeks before the operation.Two weeks after the operation,pulmonary function had decreased in both groups,but it was significantly better in the treatment group than in the control group.The treatment group also had significantly fewer pulmonary complications.The QOL of patients in the treatment group had improved significantly 1 month after the operation. Conclusion Breathing booster training and inhalation of terbutaline and ambroxol aerosol during the peri-operative period can significantly improve pulmonary function,reduce respiratory complications and improve the QOL of patients requiring lung cancer resection operations.This is most important for promoting their early recovery.