OBJECTIVE To understand the related factors,the situation and dynamics of hospital infection in order to effectively prevent and control it.METHODS From 12306 cases of inpatients who had investigated retrospectively,706 cases were with nosocomial infection monitored from Jan to Dec 2006.RESULTS The hospital infection rate was 5.74% in 2006.The hematological disease and,cancer patients and the elderly,were the high-risk population.The main infection site was the respiratory tract.Fungi accounted for 21.35%,the top was the Candida albicans.CONCLUSIONS To strengthen the training of medical staff,to monitor the key departments of hematology and cancer and respiratory diseases and to attend the disease surveillance and rationally use of antibiotics are the effective measures to reduce hospital-acquired infections.

Adult ; Burns, Chemical ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Nitriles ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; etiology

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Radiography ; Respiratory System Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; surgery

Objective To explore the protective effect of folic acid supplementation in different ways on lipopolysaccharide-induced external malformations and skeletal malformations in mice.Methods The pregnant mice were divided into six groups randomly,including saline control group,FA control group,LPS group,LPS+FAig group,LPS+FAip group,and LPS+FAdw group.All dams were medicated on gestational day 8～12,and then sacrificed on gestational day 18,for each litter,the number of live fetuses,dead fetuses,resorption fetuses and external malformations of live fetuses were all counted.All fetuses were subsequently evaluated the skeletal malformations.Results A low dose of LPS injection during the second trimester resulted in external and skeletal malformations.Exencephaly and encephalomeningocele were two of the most common external malformations,skeletal malformations consisted mainly of the incompletion of supraoccipital ossification,sternal malformation and rib malformation.FA supplementation by three ways all attenuated the external and skeletal malformations.And the best protective effect was by oral administration.The incidence of external,sternal and rib malformation was all decreased.Conclusions Three ways can prevent the mice during the second trimester from the external and skeletal malformations caused by LPS injection,and the best protective effect was by intragastric administration.

Objective To study the change of levels of IL-6,IL-17,IL-23,IL-8,TNF-α and IFN-γ and their clinical significance on children with different types of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) Methods The blood specimens of 180 children with HSP as disease group and 30 health children as normal group were collected respectively.Disease group included 30 children at acute stage and 30 at convalescence stage of primary abdominal type,30 at acute stage and 30 at convalescence stage of primary non-abdominal type,30 at acute stage of secondary abdominal type,and 30 at acute stage of secondary non-abdominal type.The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23,TNF-α and IFN-γ in the two groups were measured by ELISA method for comparison and analysis.Results The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23 and TNF-α in disease group were higher than those in the normal group (P＜0.05).Those levels in the children at acute stage and of primary group were also found to be higher than those at convalescence stage (P＜0.05) and of secondary group (P＜0.05) respectively.Comparison of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23 and TNF-α between abdominal type and the non-abdominal type had no significant difference (P＞0.05).The plasma level of IFN-γ in disease group was lower than those in normal group (P＜0.05).The levels of IFN-γ in the children at acute stage and of primary group were lower than those at convalescence stage (P ＜0.05) and of the secondary group (P ＜0.05) Comparison of IFN-γ between abdominal type and non-abdominal type had no significant difference (P＞0.05) Conclusions The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23,TNF-o,IFN-γ show obvious changes in children with HSP,which suggests that the changes of cytokines are associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of testicular appendages, observe their morphology, and analyze their histopathological origins.

METHODSWe observed 67 testes in 54 patients (15 children and 39 adults) undergoing scrotal surgery, investigated the incidence of testicular appendages, and identified their histopathological origins. We used the Chi-square test to compare the findings from the children and adult patients, with P < 0.05 as statistically significant.

RESULTSThe detection rates of the appendix testis, appendix epididymis, paradidymis, vas aberrans superior, and vas aberrans inferior were 80.6% (54/67), 23.9% (16/67), 1.5% (1/67), 3.0% (2/67), and 1.5% (1/67), respectively. The incidence of testicular appendages was higher in children than in adults (93.3% vs 80.8%), but with no statistically significant difference (Chi2 = 1.339, P > 0.05), and that of the appendix testis and epididymis with pedicles was significantly higher in the former than in the latter (82.4% vs 54.7%, chi2 = 4.149, P < 0.05). Pathological examination showed that the appendix testis originated from the paramesonephric duct, while the appendix epididymis, paradidymis, vas aberrans superior, and vas aberrans inferior from the mesonephric duct.

CONCLUSIONTesticular appendages consist of five embryonic remnants, including appendix testis, appendix epididymis, paradidymis, vas aberrans superior, and vas aber- rans inferior. The appendix testis originates from the paramesonephric duct, and the other four from the mesonephric duct. The clinical implication of these testicular appendages is their tendency to torsion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epididymis ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Testis ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo figure out the differences of the morphological characteristics of mandibular symphysis between Class II and Class III adult skeletal malocclusions with different abnormal vertical skeletal patterns.

METHODS109 Chinese female adults of skeletal Class II and Class III were chosen and divided into four groups according to vertical and sagittal skeletal pattern: Class II--vertical-growth-pattern group (n=30), Class III--vertical-growth-pattern group (n=25), Class II--horizontal-growth-pattern group (n=29), Class III--horizontal-growth-pattern (n=25). Lateral cephalograms were taken. The symphyseal widths and heights, along with lower incisor positions were evaluated. Observation and statistics analysis were done to clarify the morphological characteristics of the symphyseal region of different skeletal patterns.

RESULTSThere were morphological differences of symphyseal region between Class II and Class III skeletal malocclusions, but not significant in width and total height. With a vertical-growth-pattern, Class II malocclusions had higher alveolus than Class III, but smaller chin prominence and lower basal bone (P < 0.01). With a horizontal-growth-pattern, Class II malocclusions had higher alveolus (P < 0.05) and larger alveolar top width (P < 0.001). With a same sagittal skeletal pattern, vertical-growth-pattern group had thinner but higher symphyseal region and bigger chin prominence (P < 0.001 in Class II while P < 0.05 in Class III). Besides, a vertical-growth-pattern malocclusion was prone to have a cucurbit-morph chin, of which Id width was larger than basal width (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThere are morphological differences in symphyseal region between Class II and Class III skeletal malocclusions with different abnormal vertical skeletal patterns. The influence of abnormal vertical skeletal pattern to symphyseal morphological characteristics is greater than that of abnormal sagittal skeletal pattern. There is a risk of orthodontic movement of low incisors in vertical-growth-pattern skeletal malocclusion.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II ; pathology ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III ; pathology ; Mandible ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between the mesiodistal tipping degree of maxillary and mandible posterior teeth and different vertical facial skeletal types of subjects with normal occlusion.

METHODS163 subjects with normal occlusion were selected, lateral cephalograms were taken and divided into three different facial skeletal types. The difference of the mesiodistal tipping degrees and intersection angles of upper and lower posterior teeth between the three different facial skeletal types were analyzed.

RESULTSAmong 163 subjects, vertical growth pattern, average growth pattern and horizontal growth pattern were 24, 96 and 43 respectively. There were statistic differences of mesiodistal tipping degrees of the first and second maxillary and mandible premolar and the first permanent molar between vertical growth and horizontal growth pattern, horizontal growth and average growth pattern (P < 0.05). But there were no statistically significant differences between vertical growth and average growth pattern (P > 0.05). The differences of the maxillary and mandible posterior teeth's intersection angle among three vertical facial skeletal types had no statistic significance (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDifferent vertical facial skeletal type has its own normal and coordinated posterior teeth mesiodistal tipping degrees.

Dental Occlusion ; Humans ; Mandible ; anatomy & histology ; Maxilla ; anatomy & histology ; Tooth

Objective To improve the qualified rate of cleaning of loaner orthopedic surgery instruments by application of quality control circle(QCC).Methods QCC activity was carried out in a hospital from May to October 2016, on-site assessment of cleaning quality was performed by two circle members, causes of unqualified cleaning result of loaner orthopedic surgery instruments were recorded, the qualified result of loaner orthopedic surgery instruments before QCC activity(May-June 2016)and after QCC activity(September-October 2016)was compared. Results Before QCC activity, there were 1 667 packages of loaner instruments, 1 415 were qualified for cleaning, qualified rate was 84.88％;after activity, there were 1 673 packages of loaner instruments, 1 655 were qualified for cleaning, qualified rate was 98.92％, difference was statistically significant between two groups(P＜0.01), qualified rate increased to 14.04％, target achievement rate was 116％.Conclusion Application of the scientific tool of QCC can improve the qualified rate of cleaning of loaner orthopedic surgery instruments.

Conventional imaging techniques and gastrointestinal endoscopy cannot accurately predict the early clinical efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of esophageal cancer,whereas the functional imaging of PET-CT,MRI-DWI and radiomics can reflect the functional metabolism of the tumors prior to the morphological changes,which can compensate for the limitations of conventional diagnostic methods.In this article,the current application of imaging techniques in predicting the early response of chemoradiotherapy for esoohageal cancer was reviewed.