Background The extraocular muscles (EOMs) Pulley in primate is related to the function of EOMs,but there are arguments about that.The location of rabbit's eyes is different from the primate.Study on the structure of the extraocular muscle connective tissue in rabbit may play a role to analyze the function of the EOMs Pulley.Objective The structure of the connective tissue around EOMs in rabbit was studied,the difference between this structure in rabbit and homan' s EOMs Pulley in past reports was analyzed,and then,the role of EOMs Pulley to ocular movement was investigated.Methods Five adult rabbits were involved.The gross anatomy of an orbit in each rabbit was observed.The other orbit was processed with paraffin imbedding and coronal serial sections.A murine monocolonal antibody to α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) was used to show the smooth muscle,while Weigert stain was used to show muscle and collagen,and Masson trichrome stain to show the elastin.Results An encircling ring of collagen circled every EOM.The collagen ring was thin and connected to the orbital layer muscle fiber loosely.Collagen tissues coupled to adjacent EOMs.Less elastin fibers and scanty the smooth muscle cells were embedded in the collagen.Conclusions The connective tissue around rectus in rabbit is different from that in human with developed binocular ocular movements.It shows that connective tissue around EOMs may be related to the function of ocular movements.

Traditional sequences of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) such as T1-weighed imaging, T2-weighed imaging, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging can sensitively detect the subacute and chronic intracranial hemorrhage; gradient echo sequence can detect various stages of intracranial hemorrhage, but there is no correlation between the signal intensity of the hematoma and the time of the presence of hematoma. Diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient may provide more information about the center and surrounding areas of hematoma, as well as the hemorrhagic tendency after infarction.

OBJECTIVE:To establish capillary GC method for the determination of residual organic solvents in artesunate,such as methanol and ethyl acetate.METHODS:Capillary GC was adopted and the temperature of flame ionization detector was 250℃.RESULTS:The linear range were 0.03～0.605 mg?mL-1 for methanol(r=0.999 8) and 0.05～1.002 mg?mL-1 for ethyl acetate(r=0.999 7).The average recovery rates were 98.7% for methanol(RSD=3.0%) and 99.1% for ethyl acetate(RSD=2.1%).Only the ethyl acetate was detected in samples.CONCLUSION:Established method is simple and accurate for the content determination of residual organic solvents in artesunate.

Based on the survey of the learning preference of Kunming Medical College students,we analyze relationship between students’learning style and personalities.In order to match different learning style,teachers must find some strategies in their English teaching.

Hepatic artery stricture (HAS) after liver transplantation can lead directly to transplanted liver function exhaustion and complications of biliary system. The early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for better prognosis. Doppler ultrasound is the first method of choice, and angiography can give further clear dignosis. The balloon dilatation is still effective for hepatic arterial stenosis. With the more adaptable usage of oronary stent, if possible, would reveal more promising result especially for tortuous stenotic hepatic artery. The vascular reconstruction or repeated liver transplantation is still the effective therapeutic methods.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; complications ; Urinary Retention ; drug therapy ; therapy

Objective:To explore the value of preablative stimulated thyroglobulin (ps-Tg) in predicting distant metastasis (DM) at the time of 131I therapy in children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Methods:From January 2016 to March 2020, 54 children and adolescents who underwent total thyroidectomy due to DTC in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively reviewed and divided into 2 groups according to the presence of DM or not: M0 group( n=29, 10 males, 19 females, age (16.3±3.8) years) and M1 group( n=25, 13 males, 12 females, age (12.4±4.3) years). Independent-sample t test, χ2 test (or Fisher′s exact test) and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the general characteristics between the two groups. According to status of regional lymph node (RLN) at the time of 131I therapy, the two groups were further divided into M1RLN+ ( n=8) and M1RLN-( n=17), M0RLN+ ( n=5) and M0RLN-( n=24) subgroups. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the different ps-Tg levels between M0 and M1, M1RLN+ and M1RLN-, as well as M0RLN+ and M0RLN-groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed to obtain a cut-off value of ps-Tg as a predictor of DM. Results:Patients with DM tended to have higher ps-Tg level (medians: 406.80 μg/L vs 7.90 μg/L, U=690.000, P<0.001), younger age ( t=-3.559, P=0.001), larger tumor size ( t=3.523, P=0.001), more advanced T stage ( U=506.500, P=0.010) and more multifocality( P=0.013) in comparison with those without DM. Though ps-Tg did not significantly differ between M1RLN+ group and M1RLN-group ( U=98.500, P>0.05) or between M0RLN+ group and M0RLN-group ( U=63.000, P>0.05), the two RLN+ groups tended to hold higher medians than the two RLN-groups (18.05 vs 5.71 μg/L; 1 698.50 vs 216.40 μg/L). In order to avoid the possible influence on the ps-Tg cut-off value, 13 RLN+ samples were removed, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.946 (95% CI: 0.883-1.000). The ps-Tg level of 55.87 μg/L was established as the optimal cut-off value to distinguish M0RLN- from M1RLN-, with the sensitivity and specificity of 14/17 and 95.8%(23/24), respectively. Conclusion:Ps-Tg holds a high predictive value in identifying DM, which may be of great help in avoiding inadequate 131I treatment in children and adolescents with metastatic DTC ignored by radiological examinations.

ObjectiveTo investigate the change of the level of testosterone and CD4+/CD8+ T cell in long-term mechanical ventilation patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their correlation.MethodsThe level of testosterone, count of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell were measured in 42 COPD patients accepted long-term mechanical ventilation and other 34 stable COPD patients. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was calculated.The correlation between testosterone and CD4+/CD8+ was analyzed.ResultsCompared with the stabel COPD, there were significantly differences in the level of testosterone and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in long-term mechanical ventilation COPD group(P<0.05), but there was not relationship between them.ConclusionThe level of testosterone and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ were significantly decreased in COPD patients with long-term mechanical ventilation. There is no correlation between the level of testosterone and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Massage ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngitis ; etiology ; therapy ; Spinal Diseases ; complications ; Young Adult

Objective To report the curative effect of the epitympanoplasty with cartilage obliteration in the treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma .Methods This study retrospectively analysed 123 cases ,with middle ear cholesteatoma treated in our department from November 2009 to July 2012 .The operation included mastoidectomy with posterior canal wall preserved ,lateral wall of attic resected ,facial recess opened to the epitympanum ,epitym-panum obliterated with cartilage and mastoid cavity blocked with bone dust .All cases were followed up on complica-tions and hearing improvement .Results All cases were followed up 6~38 months .In 123 cases ,there were 2 ca-ses had cholesteatoma recurrence in the middle ear cavity ,6 cases had infection of post auricular incision after opera-tion ,3 cases had residual marginal tympanic membrane perforation ,2 cases had ossicular replacement prosthesis ex-clusion ,and 6 cases had canal wall skin swelling or defect .The rest cases acquired full -recovery after 2 or 3 wound dressing changes .Out of 123 cases ,83 cases had the whole hearing document ,the average AB gap at 0 .5 ,1 ,2 kHz reduced from 32 .2 ± 11 .2 dB pre-operation to 20 .7 ± 12 .4 dB post -operation .The AB gap of pre - and post -operation had significant difference (P<0 .001) .Conclusion The mastoidectomy with posterior canal wall preserved greatly shortened the healing time .The resection of lateral wall of epitympanum can exposed operating field more completely and remove lesions thoroughly .The cartilage obliteration in the attic can prevent the retraction pocket formation effectively .This technique provides alternative in treating middle ear cholesteatoma .