The clinical practice on real patients is more and more difficult in the present condition of the hospitals.Then,the modern medical simulating teaching is the main direction of the development in this field due to its characteristics,based on high- technology,simulating the real clinical circumstance,and being applicable in practice and avoiding the risk of clinical miscarriage. The significance and main development direction of modern medical simulated teaching will be discussed in this article.

Object To investigate the effect of PPARαactivation on PPARγ-induced fatty liver in the mouse. Methods Wild type mice ( C57BL/6) aged 4 to 5 weeks were used as animal models.All mice were divided into four groups.The mice in the first group were fed with chow diet.The mice in the second group were fed with a diet containing 0.125%Wy-14,643, an agonist of PPARa, for 8 days.The mice in the third group were injected with Ad/PPARγvia tail vein for 5 day.The mice in the fourth group were firstly fed with Wy-14,643 diet for 3 days and then injected with Ad/PPARγvia tail vein for another 5 day.Mouse livers were collected and photographed.The effect of PPARαactivation on PPARγ-induced fatty liver was observed by H&E and Oil red O staining.Results Compared with the controls, wild-type mice treated with Wy-14,643 for 8 days exhibited marked hypertrophy of hepatocytes with increased cytoplasmic eosinophil-ia and proliferation of peroxisomes.The liver size was significantly increased in the wild-type mice treated with Ad/PPARγfor 5 days, and over-expression of PPARγstrongly induced hepatic steatosis.Importantly, the wild-type mice pretreated with Wy-14,643 for 3 days and then given Ad/PPARγinjection exhibited dramatically the increase of liver size, which might be due to the dual function of PPARa and PPARγ.Compared with the Ad/PPARγgroup, the Wy-14,643 pretreat-ment group showed a reduced hepatic steatosis.Conclusions Activation of PPARαby Wy-14,643 effectively improves PPARγ-stimulated hepatic steatosis, which provides a novel target for prevention and therapy of fatty liver.

AIM: To detect the effect of Sini decoction on glutathione S-transferase (GST) mRNA expression in the ischemic myocardium. METHODS: Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group, ischemic group and Sini decoction group. Total RNA was extracted from the myocardium of mice in each group. The effect of Sini decoction on the expression of GST gene was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The expression of GST mRNA in Sini decoction group was significantly up-regulated compared with the ischemic group and control group. CONCLUSION: Sini decoction can promote the expression of GST gene, which may be related to its protective effect on ischemic myocardium.

AIM: To screen the differentially expressed genes among normal, ischemic and Sini decoction-treated myocardium using DNA microarray.METHODS: Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group, ischemic group and Sini decoction group. Total RNA was extracted from myocardium of each group. cDNA microarray chips containing 2 304 cDNAs were used to investigate the gene expression pattern of each group. RESULTS: Up-and down-regulated genes were 33 and 70 in ischemic group vs control group, respectively. Up-and down-regulated genes were 23 and 52 respectively in Sini decoction group vs ischemic group. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of gene expression pattern of ischemic myocardium based on cDNA microarray can realize high-throughput screening of the genes. Further analysis of those obtained genes information will be helpful to understand the molecular mechanism of myocardial ischemia and the therapeutic mechanism of Sini decoction.

Objective: To study the correlation between serum N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentration and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods: According to mPAP level, a total of 62 CHD patients undergoing transcatheter closure were divided into non- pulmonary artery hypertension （PAH）CHD group (n=26), CHD + mild PAH group (n=17), CHD + moderate PAH group (n=12) and CHD + severe PAH group (n=7). Another 20 healthy subjects in the same period were selected as healthy control group. The changes of serum NT-proBNP concentration was compared among all groups before, 24h and three months after operation. Correlation between NT-proBNP concentration and mPAP was analyzed before transcatheter closure. Results: Compared with healthy control group, there was significant rise in serum NT-proBNP level in all CHD groups before operation, and it significantly elevated along with mPAP increased [healthy control group (34.0±16.8) pg/ml vs. CHD non-PAH group (68.0±20.2) pg/ml vs. mild PAH group (116.7±43.5) pg/ml vs. moderate PAH group (273.1±64.2) pg/ml vs. severe PAH group (326.5±50.2) pg/ml, P<0.01? all]; linear correlation analysis indicated that serum NT-proBNP concentration before operation was positively correlated with mPAP in 62 CHD patients (r=0.604, P=0.002). On 24h after transcatheter closure, NT-proBNP concentration was significantly higher than before operation in all groups, but it possessed significant difference only in non-PAH CHD group [(98.9±22.1) pg/ml vs. (68.0±20.2) pg/ml, P<0.05]. NT-proBNP concentration was significantly lower than before operation in all CHD groups after three months (P<0.01? all). Conclusion: Serum NT-proBNP level rises along with pulmonary arterial pressure increased in patients with congenital heart disease, which could be used as an index judging severity of pulmonary artery hypertension and prognosis in these patients.

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of Kaixin Capsule (KC) on gene expression of myocardial immune inflammatory factor in dogs after resuscitation and to search for an effective way to counteract the progress of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 【Methods】 Fifteen hybrid dogs were randomly divided into three groups, 5 dogs each: pseudo-operation group (group A), model group (group B) and KC group (group C). The dog model of cardiac arrest and resuscitation was established; the dogs were executed and the heart was isolated 180 min after the recovery of autonomic circulation. Myocardial total RNA was extracted and the mRNA expression of objective gene was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). 【Results】 mRNA expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR_4) and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF-?) in group B differed from that ingroup A (P

Objective To observe the influence of human umbilical cord wharton′s jelly‐mesenchymal stem cells(WJ‐MHCs) on the tumor necrosis factorα (TNF‐α) and N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide(NT‐proBNP) in rats with heart failure of a‐cute myocardial infarction .Methods Totally 80 male rat models of heart failure of acute myocardial infarction were made by isopre‐naline(ISO) 200 mg/kg injected subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 hours .After one week ,24 survival rats were randomly di‐vided into WJ‐M HCs transplantation group and normal control group .Sham group was made of 12 health rats ,and then each of the three groups was subdivided into pre‐transplantation group and post‐transplantation group 4 weeks later .WJ‐MHCs transplantation group was transplanted with WJ‐MHCs with DAPI labeled after ISO injected one week .Sham group and normal group were un‐treated and normally bred .The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) measured by before transplantation and post‐transplantation 4 weeks later .The injected cells and the expression of TNF‐αwas measured .Results Compared to pre‐transplantation group ,WJ‐M HCs transplantation group increased the LVEF(P<0 .05);compared to pre‐transplantation and normal control ,WJ‐M HCs trans‐plantation group reduced the TNF‐αand NT‐proBNP in the serum(P<0 .05)and the expression of TNF‐α from the heart tissue (P<0 .05);compared to normal transplantation ,WJ‐M HCs transplantation group reduced the mortality from 33 .3% to 16 .7% ;immunofluorescence demonstrated that transplanted cells were still found alive in the heart after transplantation 4 weeks later .Con‐clusion Transplantation of WJ‐MHCS down‐regulates TNF‐α and NT‐proBNP in the serum in the serum and the expression of TNF‐αfrom the heart tissue and up‐regulates the LVEF in rats with heart failure of acute myocardial infarction .

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; genetics ; Exons ; genetics ; Genes, erbB-1 ; genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective:To design and construct the replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus Ad-siCTGF which can silence the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) by RNA interference and verified its function. Methods:A specific sequence, which was verified to be able to silence CTGF gene with high efficiency, was cloned into pSES-HUS vector to produce the shuttle plasmid pSES-siCTGF. The plasmid after Pme Ⅰ linearization was cotransduced with pAdEasy into BJ5183 E.coli strains to construct recombinant vector Ad-siCTGF. After linearization treatment with Pac Ⅰ enzyme digestion Ad-siCTGF was transfected into HEK293 cells via liposome mediation. The recombinant adenovirus was packaged. The titer of the Ad-siCTGF was increased after three times of cross-infection. 4T1 cells were infected with the adenovirus. The silencing efficiency was tested by real-time fluorescence quantitative (RFQ)-PCR and Western blotting.Results:Pac Ⅰ enzyme digestion electrophoresis indentified that recombinant adenovirus was successfully constructed. The titer of the recombinant adenovirus Ad-siCTGF was 2.6×10~(10) pfu/mL after amplification and purification. The CTGF mRNA and protein expression in 4T1 cells were decreased by 36.27% and 31.56%, respectively, compared with the control groups.Conclusion:The recombinant adenovirus which can silence the expression of CTGF was successfully constructed. It laid a good foundation for further investigation of the action mechanism of CTGF in tumor cells.

Objective To investigate the safety,diagnostic value and clinical impact of double balloon enteroscope (DBE) in elderly patients (aged ≥75 years).Methods Clinical data and DBE findings of elderly patients in the Department of Gastroenterology in Remin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2010 to January 2013 were retrospectively analyzed and compared with those of younger patients.Results The diagnostic rate,complication rate and clinical impact rate were 69.0％ (29/42),0％ (0/42) and 76.2％ (32/42) in elderly patients.There were no statistically significant differences on those parameters between elderly patients and younger patients (all P＞0.05).For elderly patients,the leading causes of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) were tumor (30.0 ％,9/30) and ulcer (16.7 ％,5/30),while angiectasis (6.7 ％,2/30) was uncommon.Conclusions DBE is an effective and safe method for diagnosis of small bowel disease in elderly patients.Tumor is the most common cause of OGIB,while angiectasis was uncommon.