Objective:To separate chemical and active constituents from the stem bark of Albiza julibrissin . Methods:Chromatography and spectral methods were used. Results:3 O ? D xylopyranosyl (1→2) ? L arabinopyranosyl (1→6) ? D glucopyranosyl 21 O {(6 S) 2 trans 2 hydroxymethyl 6 methyl 6 O [3 O (6 S ) 2 trans 2 hydroxymethyl 6 methyl 6 hydroxy 2,7 octadienoyl) ? D xylopyranosyl] 2,7 octadienoyl} acacic acid 28 O ? D glucopyranosyl (1→3) [? L arabinofuranosyl (1→4)] ? L rhamnopyranosyl (1→2) ? D glucopyranosyl ester (1) was separated and identified. Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new saponin named as Julibroside J 24 .

To study the chemical constituents of Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schltr., various chromatographic methods were used, including D101 macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS and preparative HPLC chromatographic techniques. A new labdane diterpenoid glycoside named as nervilifordoside A was isolated from 60% EtOH extract of Nerviliafordii. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated as 12, 17-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methoxy-labdan-13-en-16, 15-olide 3-O-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-O-beta-glucopyranoside on the basis of HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data as well as chemical methods.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Molecular Structure ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective To prepare the hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSY-A)enteric coating pellets,and investigate in vitro release and in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics.Methods HSY-A enteric coating pellets were prepared by extrude-rounding and fluid bed technique.The micromeritic characteristics,the factors affecting the release properties of enteric coating pellets the release mechanism were explored,and the in vivo pharmacokinetic behaviors were also evaluated.Results The in vitro release behavior of HSY-A from enteric coating pellets could be described by Ritger-peppas equation,and fit diffusion mechanism,in vivo pharmacokinetic test confirmed the argument that pellets have good acid residence and enteric properties. Conclusion HSY-A enteric coating pellets have been successfully prepared and the expected release properties is achieved in the study.

Objective To observe the changes in CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells(Treg) and T helper 17 cells (Th17) cells' proportions in the peripheral blood in children with Kawasaki disease(KD) before and after the treatment,and to analyze the role of Treg/Th17 cell imbalance in the pathogenesis of KD.Methods Fifty-two children with acute KD(KD group) and 34 age-matched healthy children(healthy control group) were selected at Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital from April to December of 2014.Morning peripheral vein blood was collected from 2 groups:one before the treatment by Immunoglobulin and Aspirin,and the other 3 days after defervescence treatment.Flow cytometry was used to detect proportions of Treg cells and Th17 cells in the peripheral blood.The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of interleukin(IL)-6,IL-10,IL-17,IL-23 and transforming growth factor(TGF)-β.Results Proportion of Treg cells in the acute KD group was remarkably lower than that in the healthy control group [(1.48 ± 0.21) ％ vs.(5.13-± 0.32) ％,t =28.41,P ＜ 0.05],but it was significantly increased after treatment,and there was a significant difference [(4.71 ± 0.36) ％ vs.(1.48 ± 0.21) ％,t =-23.32,P ＜ 0.05].Proportion of Th17 cells in the acute KD group was markedly higher than that in the healthy control group [(8.06 ± 0.48) ％ vs.(2.65 ± 0.50) ％,t =-23.47,P ＜ 0.05],which was significantly decreased after treatment [(3.04 ±0.35) ％ vs.(8.06 ± 0.48) ％,t =25.55,P ＜ 0.05].Compared with the healthy control group,the levels of serum IL-6,IL-17,IL-23 in the acute KD group were significantly increased before treatment,and there were significant differences [(34.53 ± 0.53) ng/L vs.(10.88 ± 0.83) ng/L,t =-72.36;(57.05 ± 0.78) ng/L vs.(14.29 ± 0.98)ng/L,t =-55.29;(45.18 ± 1.52) ng/L vs.(18.25 ± 1.08) ng/L,t =-43.27;all P ＜ 0.05],but after treatment the levels were significantly decreased [(14.94 ± 1.06) ng/L vs.(34.53 ± 0.53) ng/L,t =49.63;(27.64 ± 0.91)ng/Lvs.(57.05±0.78) ng/L,t =26.49;(24.50-±1.13) ng/L vs.(45.18-±1.52) ng/L,t =32.17;allP＜0.05].The levels of serum IL-10,TGF-β in the acute KD group significantly decreased than those of the healthy control group,and there were significant differences [(14.29-± 0.64) ng/L vs.(29.57 ± 0.87) ng/L,t =42.24;(16.88 ±-0.90) ng/L vs.(38.83 ±0.84) ng/L,t =53.51;all P ＜0.05],but after treatment the levels were significantly increased,and there were significant differences [(23.01-± 0.61) ng/L vs.(14.29-± 0.64) ng/L,t =-29.54;(33.47±-0.82) ng/Lvs.(16.88±-0.90) ng/L,t=-40.68;allP＜0.05].Conclusion Imbalance betweenTreg cells and Th17 cells may be an important cause for the immune disorder of KD,the changes in related cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of KD.

ObjectiveTo analyse the treatment and prognosis of hypotonic children.Methods108 hypotonic children were divided into two groups,intervention group was treated in hospital for more than a half year,while the control was not.The neurological development quotient of two groups after treatment was compared.The diagnosis were adjusted periodically.ResultsThe neurological development quotient of intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control(P<0.01).The final diagnosis was cerebral palsy,congenital myopathies,or mental retardation mainly.ConclusionMost hypotonic children can well be recovered with early rehabilitation,except a few cannot be clearly diagnosed.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of dietary behaviors on the risk of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Methods: A total of 12 208 subjects aged 18-60 years old were investigated by questionnaires to collect demographic data, dietary behaviors and lifestyle information, when they did health examination in a tertiary hospital in Beijing from 2014 to 2019. During the observation period of five year, the incidence of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases were collected through health examination files every year. The multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze the associations of dietary behaviors with hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Results: The study included 6 218 ( 50.93% ) males and 5 990 ( 49.07% ) females. The cumulative incidence rates of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases were 7.75%, 2.72% and 3.49%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the high-sodium diet ( OR=1.422, 95%CI: 1.191-1.697 ) , eating fast ( OR=1.457, 95%CI: 1.102-1.974 ), eating more refined grain ( OR=1.251, 95%CI: 1.050-1.490 ) and drinking milk less than once a week ( OR=1.316, 95%CI: 1.022-1.697 ) were risk factors for hypertension. The high-sodium diet ( OR=1.344, 95%CI: 1.048-1.725 ), eating fast ( OR=1.733, 95%CI: 1.046-2.871 ), eating more meat ( OR=1.651,95%CI: 1.263-2.158 ) were risk factors for diabetes. High-sodium diet ( OR=1.501, 95%CI: 1.192-1.889 ) was risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Conclusion The diet with high sodium, more meat and refined grain as well as eating fast can increase the risk of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

OBJECTIVETo measure the iodine nutritional status on adult islanders and to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of iodized salt prophylactic programs.

METHODSA comparative study was carried out in 8 rural townships selected from Dinghai (iodized salt district) and Daishan (non-iodized salt district) of Zhoushan islands by random sampling method. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the urinary iodine concentration and dietary iodine intake of the two groups. Spearman correlation test was used to look for the correlation of urinary iodine concentration and dietary iodine intake in the two groups respectively.

RESULTSThe amounts of daily iodine intake excluding the iodine intake from iodized salt in the two groups were 128 micro g and 147 micro g respectively but the difference was not statistically significant (u = 1.847, P = 0.065). The urinary iodine concentration of non-iodized salt group was 90 micro g/L, lower than 194 micro g/L in iodized salt group (u = 14.673, P = 0.000). There was no significant correlation between daily iodine intake and urinary iodine concentration (r(s) = 0.052, P = 0.095).

CONCLUSIONSIn Zhoushan islands, the daily iodine intake did not meet the daily need (150 micro g/day) suggesting that iodized salt supplement was necessary. However, side effect due to overdose should be brought into attention.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Goiter ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Iodine ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; deficiency ; urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of Tocilizumab in the treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA)in children.Methods Twenty-four sJIA patients were collected who were hospitalized at the Department of Rheumatology and Immunity,Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital from October 2015 to May 2016,and they received Tocilizumab combined with Methotrexate (MTX) treatment for 12 weeks.The clinical laboratory and physiological indices,including routine blood,liver and kidney function tests,number of joints with active arthritis,number of joints with limited range of motion,physicians and patients assessment of disease activity,childhood health questionnaire,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein (CRP),and compliance rates of Pediatrics of American College of Rheumatology(ACR Ped) 30,50,70 were observed after 4,8 and 12 weeks of treatment,and the adverse reactions were recorded.Results After 4 weeks of treatment,the levels of white blood cells,platelet,ESR and CRP in 24 cases of sJIA significantly decreased compared with those of the patients before treatment [(15.1 ± 2.7) × 109/L vs.(24.2 ±3.5) × 109/L,(277 ±73) × 109/L vs.(368 ± 62) × 109/L,(25 ± 12) mm/1 h vs.(75 ± 15) mm/1 h,(20 ± 13) mg/L vs.(64 ± 1) mg/L],and the differences were statistically significant (t =10.08,4.65,70.71,26.78,all P ＜0.05);the hemoglobin was increased dramatically[(110 ± 12) g/L vs.(98 ± 10) g/L],and the difference was statistically significant(t =-3.76,P ＜ 0.05).The compliance rates of ACR Ped 30,50,70 after 4 weeks of treatment were 82％,74％,68％,and they were continuously improved after 8 weeks of treatment (90％,82％,78％)and 12 weeks of treatment (98％,93％,92％),and the differences were all statistically significant (F =7.11,7.29,8.86,all P ＜0.05).The levels of IL-6 after 12 weeks of treatment had no significant change compared with those of the patients pre-treatment [(10.8 ±2.5) ng/L vs.(12.7 ±3.0) ng/L,t =1.96,P ＞0.05].Conclusion Tocilizumab is effective and safe in the treatment of sJIA patients,which can improve the symptoms,signs and laboratory inflammatory activity indexes of sJIA in a short time.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of the Chinese medicine Huzhangdanshenyin on male immune infertility, and provide an effective therapy for this disease.

METHODSNinety men with immune infertility were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into two groups, 60 in the treatment group, treated by Huzhangdanshenyin, and the other 30 in the control, treated by prednisone, both for 3 months. The improvement of clinical symptoms, immunologic indexes (antisperm antibodies in serum and seminal plasma) and sperm indexes (semen liquefied duration, motility, viability, density and abnormal morphology rate) were observed and the results analyzed.

RESULTSThe total antisperm antibody reversing ratio of the treatment group was higher than that of the control (P < 0.01), especially the serum antisperm antibody reversing ratio. There were significant differences in the clinical cure rate and total validity rate between the treatment group and the control (P < 0.01). After the treatment, the markers of the clinical symptoms (P < 0.01), especially the serum antisperm antibody reversing ratio. There were significant differences in the clinical cure rate and total validity rate between the treatment group and the control (P < 0.01). After the treatment, the markers of the clinical symptoms were lower (P < 0.01), and the improvement of the clinical symptoms was better in the treatment group than in the control (P < 0.01), especially the symptoms of pain in the back and knees, distending and bearing-down sensation of the perineum and testis, hypersexuality and topalgias. Compared with pre-treatment, sperm motility and viability of the treatment group significantly improved (P < 0.01), and so did sperm density (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in sperm density, semen liquefied duration, abnormal morphology rate and pH (P > 0.05) before and after the treatment.

CONCLUSIONThe Chinese medicine Huzhangdanshenyin works more effectively than prednisone in the treatment of male immune infertility. It could improve the antisperm antibody reversing ratio, clinical symptoms and signs and ameliorate sperm indexes with no obvious advierse effects.

Adult ; Autoantibodies ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; immunology

AIMTo analyze the ginsenosides in Kou zi qi (rhizomes of Panax japonicus C. A. Mey. var. major (Burkill) C. Y. Wu et K. M. Feng), and to supply evidences for chemotaxanology of Panax species and clinical uses of Kou zi qi.

METHODSThe ginsenosides were isolated by HPLC, then the positive- and negative-ion API-MS/MS of constituents collected from HPLC were measured.

RESULTSEight ginsenosides were identified as ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Ro, chikuseksusaponins IV, IVa, notoginsenoside R2, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc and Rd, respectively, based on comparison of retention time with those of standards by HPLC, and analysis on their API-MS/MS data. Ginsenoside Ro and chikuseksusaponin IVa are the major components of Kou zi qi.

CONCLUSIONThis plant had a close relationship to P. stipuleanatus, P. zinginensis and P. japonicus var major; a relatively remote relationship to P. ginseng and P. quinquefolius, in a view of chemotaxanology. Ginsenoside Ro and chikuseksusaponin IVa might be the anti-inflammatory constituents of Kou zi qi.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ginsenosides ; isolation & purification ; Panax ; chemistry ; Phylogeny ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization