Thirty-two patients with comminuted proximal humerus fractures(Neer Ⅲ or Ⅳ) were admitted to Department of Orthopedics,First Hospital of Jilin University from March 2001 to April 2006.The patients consisted of 19 males and 13 females,aged 19-70 years,including 15 of 19-49 years and 17 of 50-70 years.All patients underwent treatment of cloverleaf plate-screw fixation.During the follow-up for 8 months,union time and scores from Constant & Murley functional scale were similar between male and female groups.Compared with patients aged 50 years,and the scores from Constant & Murley functional scale were significantly lower(P 50 years old is relatively longer with unfavorable functional recovery in the shoulder joint.

Objective This experiment used the allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to cure the wound in rats .And to observe the effect and safety of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells injection for wound heal -ing.Methods The rats with wound were divided into two groups .The rats bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated,cultured,purified,amplified and passaged.Flow cytometry instrument was used to identify the immune pheno-type of rats bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells .Local injected the rats-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the rats.The difference of wound healing rate between the experimental group and control group were statistically ana -lyzed.Western blot was used to detect the expression of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) in two groups.Histopatho-logical change of the wound was observed .Results The wound healing rate between the two groups had significantly statistical difference.After 3 days,7 days,14 days,the wound healing rates of the experimental group were (21.95 ± 8.11)%,(56.25 ±4.96)% and (79.85 ±5.44)%,respectively and which were better than those of the control group[(12.11 ±4.87)%,(30.24 ±1.53)%,(58.51 ±6.52)%](t=4.693,3.853,2.559,all P <0.05). According to the grading standards of the healing skin after HE staining ,the experimental group was better than the control group .According to the results of Western blot , the KGF protein expression of the experimental group was higher than the control group .Conclusion The allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may be an effective and safe method for the wound in rats .

Objective To study the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in synovia and synovium of rats after high intensity exercise.Methods 24 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and high intensity group, and the latter were forced to run 60 min at the speed of 28 m/min for 6 weeks. The histological changes of cartilage from the lesion areas of medial femoral condyle and synovium of knee joint were examined with HE stain and the expression of IL-1β in synovium with immunohistochemistry, in synovial fluid with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The articular cartilage of knee were injured and synovitis were found in high intensity group. The expression of IL-1β both in synovial fluid and in synovium of the knee were more in high intensity group than in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion High intensity exercise could cause aticular cartilage injury, synovitis and over expression of IL-1β in synovia and synovium, which may associated with post-traumatic osteoarthritis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Creatinine ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Renal Dialysis ; Uremia ; physiopathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of Yili dark bee propolis on the main cariogenic biofilm and mechanisms.

METHODSSusceptibilities to the ethanolic extract of propolis against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus), Streptococcus sanguis (S. sanguis), Actinomyces viscosus (A. viscosus), and Actinomyces naeslundii (A. naeslundii) were analyzed by crystal violet stain method to determine the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC). The biofilm was initially cultivated for 24 h. Subsequently, the propolis groups with different concentration MBEC and initial pH 7.0 were cultured for 24 h. Moreover, the pH value was measured to evaluate the acid-producing ability of the tested plaque biofilm. The effects of propolis on the insoluble extracellular polysaccharide synthesis of S. mutans biofilm were evaluated by anthrone method.

RESULTSThe MBEC of Yili propolis on S. mutans, S. sobrinus, S. sanguis, A. viscosus, and A. naeslundii were 6.25, 1.56, 3.13, 0.78, and 0.78 mg.mL-1, respectively. Propolis could decrease the ΔpH of the tested plaque biofilm, and the differences between the control and propolis groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). At MBEC, propolis could reduce the ability of S. mutans in synthesizing insoluble extracellular polysaccharides.

CONCLUSIONYili propolis demonstrate remarkable eradicative effects on the cariogenic plaque biofilm, showing inhibition of the synthesis of biofilm-produced acids and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides.

Objective To set up a determination method of warfarin,coumatertralyl,bromadiolone and brodifacoum.Methods HPLC-ESI-MS/MS was used to detect warfarin,coumatertralyl,bromadiolone and brodifacoum using ZORBAX sb-aq(1 50mm×2.1 mm×3.5 μm)as chromatographic column at constant temperature 30℃ while methanol of 0.1%formic acid and water as mobile phase in the grads program.The flow rate was 0.4 mL/min;Detection was performed on an electrospray ionization(ESI)in the negative model and the MRM condition.Results The limit of qualitation was found to be less than 40 pg for four raticides at one time and 10pg for every raticide in the MRM condition;The four raticides linear range were suitable and r were more than 0.999.Matrix affection Was also determined.Conclusion This method is simple,sensitive and accurate for the determination of warfarin,coumatertralyl,bromadiolonc and brodifacoum in the biological tissue.

Objective To evaluate accuracy and consistency of the coagulation convention that involves PT, INR, FIB, APTT on two coagulation analysators(ACL-9000 and ACL-200, Beckman-Coulter Corporation, US). Methods The repeatability test was used to assess the precision, the accuracy and consistency of the coagulation convention on two coagulation analysators were evaluated by comparison and analysis. Results The repeatability of related test results based on ACL-9000 coagulation analysator was better that CV value less than 5%, but the repeatability of abnormal specimens FIB based on ACL-200 was poor that CV value of 6.6%. Through comparing ACL-9000 analyzer, the test results of ACL- 200 coagulation analysator has good correlation with it, correlation coefficient ?﹥0.975. Conclusion In the condition of the excellent precision and stability, we can also find system errors existed in the analyzer on time by verificating. Through being adjusted and calibrated, the examination department can deliver the results of accuracy consistency.

BACKGROUND:The previous researches indicate that, shock waves can enhance the proliferation of T-cells and the expression of interleukin (IL)-2 through a mechanism that involves p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)activation.OBJECTIVE: To investigate if adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release is an underlying mechanism through which low-density shock waves (LDSWs) augment T-cell function.DESIGN: Controlled repetitive measurement by groups, taking cells as subject.SETTING: Department of Orthopedics, the First Hospital of Jilin University.MATERIALS: KDE-2001 Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripter (Beijing Zhongke Jian An Meditechs Co., Beijing, China).p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 1 mg (BioSource Inc., Camarillo, CA); p38 MAPK kit for detecting phosphorylation (Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. U.S.A.); P2 receptor inhibitor suramin 50 mg (BIOMOL Research Laboratories Inc., PA) was prepared into 0.02 mol/L solution by 1.749 2 mL IMDM. ATP enzyme: apyrase 200 U (Sigma, U.S.A.); P2X7 receptor antagonist KN-62 (BioSource Inc., Camarillo, CA); ATP Bioluminescence Assay Kit CLS Ⅱ (Roche Diagnostics GmbH,Mannheim, Germany).METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Orthopedic Laboratory of the First Clinical Hospital in Jilin University from January 2005 to December 2006. ①An Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripter (at 7 kV generator voltage, 0.3 μF capacitance, 23 MPa positive pressure, 0.18 mJ/mm2 energy flux density) was applied for LDSWs treatment ranging from 50 to 400 impulses. ②ATP release into the culture supernatant from Jurkat T-cells or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was determined with a specific ATP Bioluminescence Assay Kit. ③Negative control group excluded antagonist or inhibitor. Human PBMCs were used to determine the effect of LDSWs on activated T-lymphocyte proliferation. Human Jurkat cells were used to study the effects of LDSWs on IL-2 expression. Expression and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in Jurkat T-cell were measured by Western Immunoblotting with anti-p38 MAPK antibodies and anti-p38 MAPK phospho-specific antibodies that recognized the phosphorylation (on Thr180/Tyr182).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: extra-cellular ATP release, IL-2 expression in cell suspension, cellular proliferation and the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.RESULTS: ①ATP release under the condition without LDSWs was obviously lower than that with LDSWs of 100, 150,200, 250, 300, 360 and 400 impulses (P ＜ 0.01), and ATP release increased with the LDSWs impulse.②Compared with negative control group, the additions of apyrase, KN-62 or suramin attenuated the 3H-TdR incorporation of the phytohemagglutinin-stimulated PBMCs or CD3/CD28-stimulated Jurkat T-cells, which were effected with LDSWs of 100,150, 200, 250, 300, 330 impulses at 0.18 mJ/mm2 (P＜ 0.01). IL-2 expression in the cellular supernatant was also significant increased (P ＜ 0.01). ATPase, KN-62 or suramin all decreased the effect of LDSWs on p38 MAPK of Jurkat T-cells.CONCLUSION: ①LDSWs deform cellular membranes but have no effect on organelle, which results in ATP release from Jurkat cells. Exogenous ATP release activates P2X7 receptor and p38 MAPK, and increases IL-2 expression. LDSWs enhance T-cell proliferation and IL-2 expression through a mechanism that involves ATP release, P2X7 receptor and phosphorylized p38 MAPK activation. ②The release of ATP plays a key role in the mechanism through which LDSWs regulate the function of T cells.

Objective To compare the effect of compression hollow screw fixation,artificial femoral head replacement and total hip replacement in the elderly.Methods From August 2007 to April 2009,152 cases of femoral neck fracture in the elderly were divided into three groups: compression hollow screw fixation group(54 patients,24 males,with an average age of 59.8±5.3 years);artificial femoral head replacement group(48 patients,16 males,with an average age of 65.3±6.7 years);and total hip replacement group(50 patients,18 males,with an average age of 77.3±6.5 years).The evaluation indicators,including the average sugical time,the average amount of bleeding,the average length of stay and the average postopererative bed time,were compared respectively among the three groups.The postoperative evaluation was made according to Harris Score.Results Harris score in the three groups were 21 excellent and 23 good in the compression hollow screw fixation group,with an average score of 80.52±2.70;26 excellent and 14 good in the artificial femoral head replacement group,with an average score of 86.57±1.90;and 42 excellent and 3 good in the total hip replacement group,with an average score of 96.04±2.10.The total hip replacement group was significantly better than the other two groups(H=0.589,F=12.151,Ps＜0.05).The rate of postoperative complications were 25.93%(14/54) in the compression hollow screw fixation group,18.75%(9/48) in the artificial femoral head replacement group and 4.00%(2/50) in the total hip replacement group(H=1.291,P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared among the three surgery,total hip replacement could resume function and improve the quality of life better,with lower rate of complications.However,the surgical injury and the amount of bleeding were largest.Therefore,we suggest selecting appropriate surgery with considering the patient′s age,physical condition,displacement degree of the fracture,et al.in old femoral neck fractures patients.

Objective To assess the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist on prostate epithelial cells in vitro.Methods The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ) was studied by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence study.The RWPE-1 human prostate epithelial cell line was treated with PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone 100 μmol/L for 48 h.Analysis of apoptosis was performed by Caspase 3/7 activity assay.Mitochondria depolarization was measured by using the potential-sensitive color,JC-1.The expression of apoptosis-related proteins-Bax was investigated by immunohistochemistry.Results PPARγ mainly located in nucleus and perinucleus.RWPE-1 cell line treated with PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone showed higher Caspase 3/7 activity (10636±1032 RLU) than in control (5936±620 RLU),P＜0.01 and significantly upregulated Bax level (8250±694 vs.6017±563)than in control group,P＜0.01.In addition,mitochondrial membrane potential was depolarized in rosiglitazone treated cells.Conclusions PPARmay play important roles in the pathophysiology of BPH.The mechanism might be that PPARγ regulates cell apoptosis.It is suggested that the mitochondrial and Bax pathway might be involved in signaling PPARγ induced cell apoptosis.