OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the3pharmacotherapeutic schemes for biliary tract infections by pharmacoeconomic method.METHODS:Scheme A:cefazolin+metronidazole;Scheme B:ampicillin+gentamicin+metronidazole;Scheme C:lome?floxacin injection+metronidazole.These three schemes were retrospectively analysed with cost-effectiveness analy?sis.RESULTS:Scheme C had the lowest cost-effectiveness ratio with the highest total effective rate.CONCLUSION:Scheme C is the best one.

Objective To investigate the value of prostate-bladder angle (PBA) measured by MRI in the diagnosis of benign prostate obstruction (BPO). Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 87 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients referred for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) between March 2009 and November 2009. PBA was measured by MRI and urodynamic parameter Qmax was measured as well. With the diagnostic criteria of BPO as Qmax＜10 ml/s, the patients were divided into two groups: obstruction group and non-obstruction group. PBA was compared between these two groups. The sensitivity and the specificity of PBA in diagnosing BPO were also analyzed. Results The age range of the patients was 57-90 years with a median age 73 years; Qmax was 2.325.4 ml/s with median Qmax 7.9 ml/s; PBA was 4°-52° with median PBA 27°. There were 25 patients in the non-obstruction group with PBA between 4°- 21°(13°); in the obstruction group,there were 62 patients with PBA between 15°- 52°(34°). PBA was found statistically different between the obstruction and non-obstruction group (P＜0.01). With the cutoff at PBA≥20°for the diagnosis of BPO, the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis were 90. 3 % (56/62)and 96.0% (24/25), respectively. Conclusion PBA measured by MRI is valuable and can be used as a new non-invasive parameter in the diagnosis of BPO.

BACKGROUND:The biological function of human periodontal ligament stem cells is a hot area of research in the treatment of periodontal disease. Human periodontal ligament cells are one of the end cells derived from human periodontal ligament stem cells;meanwhile, it can also provide supports to the development of human periodontal ligament stem cells. However, few studies are reported about the difference of biological characteristics between human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells. OBJECTIVE:To compare the differences of biological characteristics between human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells. METHODS:The human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells were isolated and purified using tissue explant method and cellclone method, respectively, and then were observed under light microscope to compare the differences of morphology. cellproliferation curves of human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells were drawn respectively with cellcounting kit 8 assay. Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect their cellcircles and their surface markers expressions. The alkaline phosphatase gene, proliferating cellnuclear antigen gene and Scleraxis gene of human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells were detected by Real-time PCR assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells showed a notable difference in morphology under the light microscope observation. During the first 5 days, the cellproliferation curve of human periodontal ligament stem cells was lower than that of human periodontal ligament cells, but 5 days later, the curve of human periodontal ligament stem cells was significantly higher than that of human periodontal ligament cells. The cellcircles of human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells were 41.1%and 23.9%, respectively. The surface markers of human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells were similar, but their expression rates had significant difference. The expressions of alkaline phosphatase gene, proliferating cellnuclear antigen gene and Scleraxis gene of human periodontal ligament stem cells were significantly higher than those of human periodontal ligament cells. The above results suggest that human periodontal ligament stem cells have much stronger potential ability than human periodontal ligament cells in osteogensis and cellproliferation.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) transplantation in the treatment of the MRL/lpr mice. Methods Twenty four 18-week-old MRL/lpr female mice were divided into 3 groups:group 1 (G1) were transplanted with 1×106 UC- MSCs through caudal vein, group 2 (G2) were transplanted with 1×106 UC- MSCs three times and group 3 (G3) were treated with 0.5 ml normal saline as controls. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of serum anti-dsDNA antibodies. Twenty-four hours proteinuria and body weight were assessed every two weeks. The histopathology changes of the kidneys and lungs were observed. Results ① At the 25th weeks, the 24 hours proteinuria in group G1 (2.3±1.9) mg and G2 (1.8±1.4) mg was decreased than that in the control group (3.8±2.1) mg (P<0.05), and at the 27th weeks, that of groups G1 (2.5±1.5) mg and G2 (1.9±1.2) mg was also significantly decreased than in the control group (5.4±2.4) mg (P<0.01); ② From the 24th week, the body weight of groups G1 and G2 increased significantly than that of the control group (P< 0.05). At week 29, serum creatinine decreased significantly in both groups G1 (7.2±3.2) μmol/L and G2 (6.2±2.8) μmol/L than in the control group (12.5±2.3 ) μmol/L (P<0.05); ③One week after transplantation, the levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies in group G1 (46±11)×102 U/ml and G2(49×43)×102 U/ml were bothsignificantly decreased than those of the control groups (99±42)×102 U/ml (P<0.05) and the difference between group G2 (36±15)×102 U/ml and the controls (68±32)×102 U/ml was statistically significant; ④The nephron crescent formation in group G1 (0.12±0.07) and G2 (0.08±0.02) was significantly lower that of the control group (0.20±0.06) (P<0.05) and that of group G2 was significantly less that of froup G1 (P<0.05); ⑤ The interstitial pneumonitis was singnificantly milder in group G1 than group G2. Conclusions UC- MSCs is very effective in treating MRL/lpr mice. It is safe and free of rejection reactions.

AIM:To investigate the serum antibody of aquaporin 4 ( AQP4 - Ab ) in positive expression rate and the significance in patients with neuritis.
●METHODS: A total of 98 cases ( 128 eyes ) of patients with optic neuritis were studied to detect the patient′s serum AQP4-Ab positive rate of antinuclear antibodies ( ANAs) from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2015 in ophthalmology center of our hospital. According to the expression of AQP4 - Ab group, the best corrected visual acuity between the two groups, peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFL), the volume of the macula, macular RNFL ( mRNFL ) , macular core layer volume ( mlNL ) measurement were compared.
●RESULTS:Ninety-eight patients (128 eyes) with optic neuritis cases diagnosed through examination revealed AQP4-Ab positive in 22 patients ( 22%) , negative in 76 patients ( 78%) , ANAs positive in 21 patients ( 21%) , negative 77 patients ( 79%) . Optic neuritis patients with serum AQP4 - Ab positive rate and ANAs positive significant correlation ( r = 0. 707, P < 0. 05 ). After examination revealed AQP4-Ab patients and negative-positive patients with best corrected visual acuity difference was not statistically significance (P>0. 05). After inspection found pRNFL, macular volume measured value AQP4 - Ab positive patients were significantly less than the negative patients, the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). AQP4-Ab positive patients and negative patients the mRNFL, mlNL measured values were not significantly different (P>0. 05).
●CONCLUSION:AQP4-Ab and ANAs expression in optic neuritis patients is a significant correlation. AQP4-Ab positive patients with optic neuritis pRNFL thinning of macular volume are decreased compared with negative patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of radiofrequency surgical therapy combined with ozone for patients with discogenic low back pain. Methods The clinical data were collected in 120 patients treated with radiofrequen?cy and ozone for lumbar disc herniation at Tianjin Hospital from October 2013 to October 2015. Pain visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to patients at preoperative and postoperative 1 week, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Health survey (SF-36) score was used at preoperative and postoperative six months. The efficacy was evaluated by MacNab curative effect evaluation. Re?sults The preoperative VAS score was (7.02±0.64) points. The postoperative VAS scores were (3.13±0.32) points, (2.11± 0.67) points,(2.62±0.89) points,(2.37±0.34) points and (2.31±0.50) points at one week, one month, three months, six months and twelve months, respectively. The VAS scores were significantly decreased after surgery (P<0.05). Preoperative SF-36 score was (48.32 ± 7.46) points, which reached to the (82.03 ± 5.89) points six months after surgery (P < 0.05). After six months, the fineness rate reached to 89.17%evaluated by MacNab curative effect evaluation. Conclusion Radiofrequency combined with ozone treatment is an effective and reliable method for discogenic low back pain.

Objective To investigate the effects of artesunate (ART) on interstitial pneumonia and sialadenitis in MRL/lpr mice.Methods A total of 18 MRL/lpr mice were randomly allocated to a hydroxychloroquine sulfate (HCQ) group,a ART group and a control group.At the age of 18 weeks,the mice in the HCQ group and ART group were given HCQ 150 mg/kg daily and ART 50 mg/kg daily for 12 weeks,respectively.The histopathological changes of pneumonitis and submaxillaritis were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.The levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in the serum and urine were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results At the age of 30 weeks,the index of peribronchiolar lesion (1.62 ± 0.19,1.52 ± 0.30 vs.1.95 ± 0.34;all P＜0.05),the index of perivascular lesion (1.23 ± 0.18,1.28 ± 0.12 vs.1.57 ± 0.33;all P＜0.05),the alveolar lesions index (1.35 ± 0.16,1.05 ± 0.15 vs.1.72 ± 0.34;all P＜0.05) and the submaxillaritis index (1.48 ± 0.22,1.43 ± 0.15 vs.1.84 ± 0.34;all P＜0.05) in the HCQ group and the ART group were significantly decreased than those in the control group.The MCP-1 levels in the serum (1 103.02 ± 185.56 pg/ml,1 072.37 ± 242.43 pg/ml vs.1 490.67 ± 329.43 pg/ml;all P＜0.05) and urine (189.16 ± 70.85 pg/ml,198.79 ± 113.47 pg/ml vs.446.79 ± 192.31 pg/ml;all P＜0.05) in the HCQ group and the ART group were significantly lower than those in the control group.Conclusion ART can decrease the MCP-1 level,and ameliorate interstitial pneumonitis and sialadenitis in MRL/lpr mice.

AIM: To investigate the antioxidant status and the oxidative damage of cellular macromolecules in patients with Graves' disease. METHODS: Fasting plasma level of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured in 31 patients with untreated Graves' disease and 31 treated Graves' disease. DNA damage of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was detected by single cell gel electrophoresis assay (expressed in comet percentage). In addition, thiol group (SH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. 31 age-matched healthy subjects were studied as a control group. RESULTS: Plasma TAC, SOD and GSH-Px were significantly lower in patients with untreated Graves' disease compared to the controls (P

Objective To analyze the changes of PAIgG, CD62P, CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+Tr,and IL-18 before and after treatment in peripheral blood of children with acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) and investigate the function of these factors in the pathogenesis of ITP.Methods Forty-one cases of acute ITP children were divided into the effective group(35cases) and the ineffective group (6cases) according to the clinical treatment. To detect PAIgG,CD62P,and the number of Tr cells by using flow cytometry ,IL-18 plasma levels by ELISA assay,and analyze the variations of these indicators before and after treatment in children with acute ITP. Results In the effective treatment group, PAIgG, CD62P before treatment were 53.05%,(14.18±5.04 )%, which were significantly higher than that after treatment [18.62%, ( 8.36±1.95 )%] and control group[5.26%,(2.65±0.59) %,all P<0.01],and PAIgG,CD62P after treatment were also higher than that in control group [all P<0.05].IL-18,CD4 + T lymphocytes, Tr/CD4+T-lymphocyte ratios before treatment [415.47 ±38.92 ) ng/L,( 25.64 ± 5.81 )%,( 2.67 ± 0.14 )%]were significantly lower than that after treatment [(512.85±42. 17)ng/L,(35.08±6.07)% ,(4.76±0.58)%] and control group[(506. 39±32.28) ng/L,(35.32±2.27)% ,(5.37 ±0.69)% ,all P<0.01]. IL-18, CD4 +T lymphocytes, Tr/CD4 +T-lymphocyte ratios after treatmenthad no statistically significant difference compared with control group( all P<0.05 ). In ineffective group, the test results of PAIgG, CD62P, IL-18, CD4 +T lymphocytes, Tr/CD4+ T-lymphocyte ratios showed no significant change before and after treatment( all P<0.05 ).IL-18 had negative correlations with PAIgG,CD62P respectively before and after treatment(all P<0.05 ). Tr cells / CD4 + T had negative correlations with PAIgG,CD62P respectively (all P<0.05). Conclusions The amount of Tr, IL-18 were reduced, while CD62P and PAIgG increased in peripheral blood of children with acute ITP. IL-18, Tr , CD62P and PAIgG play important roles in the pathogenesis of acute ITP.

Objective:This article was a retrospective analysis on the preoperative CT scan of fungal sinusitis patients.The non-distinctive clinic feature was suggested to improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis.Method:A retrospective analysis was made for 176 patients with fungal sinusitis,which were confirmed by postoperative pathologic disanosis from January 2000 to January 2008.Every patient was performed both CT examination and nasalendoscopy preoperatively. All patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery and the lesions in sinus were cleared and confirmed fungal infection by pathology.Thirty-five cases fungal infection located in sphenoid sinus,84 cases in maxillary sinus,49 cases in both maxillary and ethmoid sinus,3 cases in all sinus,5 cases in both ethmoid and sphenoid sinus.There were 179 sinuses in 176 patients were infected. Result:This group totally had 175 cases(179 sides). One hundred and seventy-three cases had unibilateral lesion,3 cases had bilateral lesion. The CT scan showed non-distinctive features including unifom dense,uneven dense in the sinus and bone resorption of the inner side bone wall. Five cases in sphenoid sinus lesion were found calcification in CT scan but 8 cases didn't show such features.Among these cases. 5 cases showed uniforra.dense and 3 cases showed uneven dense. In 84 cases maxillary sinus lesion,there were 12 cases without distinctive change,among these cases,8 cases showed uniform derise,4 cases showed uneven dense and 5 cases had boRe resorption. In 49 cases both ethmoid and maxillary sinus lesion,13 cases didn't show distinctive change,among these cases,9 cases showed uniform dense,4 cases showed uneven dense and 6 cases had bone resorption. Five cases had calcification in the both sphenoid and ethmoid sinus. Totally 81.56% of these patients had calcification feature in the CT scan.Conclusion:The calcification in the lesion of sinus is usually featured as characteristic manifestation of fungal sinusitis. But in clinic,the calcification does not exit in some patient's CT scan. When being absent of the featured sign in CT scan,the fungal sinusitis have to be diagnozed by other detecting means,even postoperative pathology.