Child, Preschool ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; complications ; Humans ; Leriche Syndrome ; complications ; Male

Objective To evaluated the role of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in the diagnosis of thoracic tuberculosis.Methods The study was retrospective,from September 2009 to September 2012,38 patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA were finally diagnosed of thoracic tuberculosis,with enlarged hilar or mediastinal Iymph nodes on chest enhanced computed tomography(≥ 1.0 cm).Patients in whom EBUS TBNA was nondiagnostic subsequently underwent surgical biopsy.All the patients had a minimum of 6 months clinical and radiologic follow-up.Results EBUS-TBNA was performed on a total of 88 lymph node stations in 38 patients.Of the enlarged lymph nodes,60(68.18％) were located in the mediastinal region and the remaining 28 (31.82 ％) around the hilum or interlobar area.Of the 38 patients,EBUS-TBNA achieved definitive diagnosis in 34 patients(89.47％).EBUS was well tolerated by all of the patients with no complications.Conclusion EBUS-TBNA is a safe procedure with a high yield for the diagnoses of thoracic tuberculosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of phacoemulsification and individualized intraocular lens implantation in senile cataract patients with super high myopia.Methods Thirty-six cases of senile cataract patients with super high myopia with 49 eyes underwent phacoemulsification and individualized intraocular lens implantation,postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity,best corrected visual acuity,diopter and surgical complications were observed.Results All surgical eyes visual acuity had improved to varying degrees,the postoperative far visual acuity in 0.05-0.30,the near visual acuity in 0.02-0.50,best corrected visual acuity 0.31-0.40 in 22 eyes (44.9％,22/49),≥ 0.5 in 14 eyes (28.6％,14/49).The postoperative diopter ＜-1.00 D in 3 eyes,-1.00 to-2.00 D in 16 eyes,-2.01 to-3.00 D in 27 eyes,and ＞-3.00 D in 3 eyes.Diopter difference with the goal ＜ ± 0.50 D in 21 eyes,± 0.50 D to ± 1.00 D in 18 eyes,＞ ± 1.00 D in 10 eyes.Postoperative corneal edema in 28 eyes,were completely disappeared within 1 week to 3 months,no retinal detachment and corneal decompensation and other serious complications.Conclusion Senile cataract patients with super high myopia are treated with phacoemulsification and individualized intraocular lens implantation,visions improve ideal and have good clinical efficacy.

Objective To assess the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist on prostate epithelial cells in vitro.Methods The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ) was studied by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence study.The RWPE-1 human prostate epithelial cell line was treated with PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone 100 μmol/L for 48 h.Analysis of apoptosis was performed by Caspase 3/7 activity assay.Mitochondria depolarization was measured by using the potential-sensitive color,JC-1.The expression of apoptosis-related proteins-Bax was investigated by immunohistochemistry.Results PPARγ mainly located in nucleus and perinucleus.RWPE-1 cell line treated with PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone showed higher Caspase 3/7 activity (10636±1032 RLU) than in control (5936±620 RLU),P＜0.01 and significantly upregulated Bax level (8250±694 vs.6017±563)than in control group,P＜0.01.In addition,mitochondrial membrane potential was depolarized in rosiglitazone treated cells.Conclusions PPARmay play important roles in the pathophysiology of BPH.The mechanism might be that PPARγ regulates cell apoptosis.It is suggested that the mitochondrial and Bax pathway might be involved in signaling PPARγ induced cell apoptosis.

Objective To study the effect of sodium hyaluronate on the expression of transforming growth factor-β3(TGF-β3) and Smad 6 of the epidural scar tissue. Method Totally 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups:the control group(A, n = 30), sodium hyaluronate group(B, n = 30). 0.25 × 1 cm2 dura mater uncovered area laminectomy was performed at L4 and L5, covered with 0.3 ml sodium hyaluronate in group B, covered with same amount of saline in group A. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after operation. The specimens were prepared for determination of the expression of TGF-β3 and Smad 6 at scar tissue and the degree of scar adhesion according to Rydell method, and observed the ultrastructure changes of scar tissue with transmission electron microscope. Results At 2 weeks after operation, the expression of TGF-β3 mRNA of two groups were 0.22 and 0.257 ( P = 0.027), respectively. At 4 weeks, group B was was increased significantly, and the mean numbers were 0.362 and 0.411 (P = 0.006). At 8 weeks, the expression of TGF-β3 mRNA of group A was increased significantly, too, but the difference between two groups was significantly, they were 0.427 and 0.470 (P =0.015), respectively. The trend of the expression of TGF-β3 and Smad 6 mRNA was similar. At 2, 4, 8, weeks, the expression was 0.169 and 0.205 (P = 0.089), 0.294 and 0.351 (P = 0.031), and 0.469 and 0.543 (P = 0.021), respectively.In group B the duramater adhesion was decreased (P ＜ 0.05), the proliferation of fibroblasts and fihroblastic function were inhibited (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Sodium hyaluronate up-regulated the expression of TGF-β3 and Smad6 and reduced the proliferation and collagen synthesis in fibroblast culture in the scar tissue.

Panax japonicas C.A. Meyd are mostly produced in southwestern China. It is widely used by Tujia and Miao nationality. It has the actions of reinforcing deficiency and being strong, reducing swelling and paln, dissolving stasis and stopping bleeding. Total saponins ofPanax japonicas (TSPJ) are principal active component ofPanax japonicas C.A. Meyd. The researchers found that it had remarkable therapeutic effects on the diseases, especially rheumatism and cardio-cerebrovascular in recent years. This article is to summarize the pharmacological actions of TSPJ and to provide the references for future studies.

Objective To investigate whether overexpression of VHL can inhibit the growth and metasta-sis of colon cancer .Methods Adenovirus vectors containing VHL were used to overexpress VHL protein in vitro and in vivo.The proliferation,apoptosis and migration of colon cancer cells CT 26 were examined in vitro.The ex-pressions of related proteins were detected by Western blot analysis .Subcutaneous and liver metastasis of colon cancer models were established and the therapeutic effects were evaluated .Results Overexpression of VHL pro-tein inhibited the proliferation and invasion of CT26,and promoted the apoptosis of CT26 via the regulation of COX-2,Bcl-2 and MMP-9.Overexpression of VHL protein inhibited the growth of subcutaneous colon cancer and liver metastasis in vivo .Conclusion Overexpression of VHL protien can inhibit the growth and metastasis of colon cancer ,and enhance the apoptosis of colon cancer ,indicating that VHL can be used as a potential target for colon cancer therapy .

Mesenchymal stem cell is a kind of multipotent hematopoietic stem cell.In the case of acute lung injury,it can differentiate into TypeⅠand TypeⅡepithelial cell,and to repair impaired tissues.In addition,mesenchymal stem cells have benefit effects in the treatment of lung injury by reducing proinflammatory factors IL-1,MIP-2,INF-?,TNF-?,increasing antiinflammatory factors IL-10,IL-1ra,IL-13 and alleviating inflammatory response to the acute lung injury.

Objective: Recent studies have suggested that congestive heart failure(CHF) is related to neuroendocrine system and cytokines,and its activation contributes to myocardial remodeling and leads to the development and progression of CHF.Tumour necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) is one of the most important factors.This study intends to establish the animal model of isoproterenol(ISO)-induced CHF in rats and to study the changes of serum TNF-?.Methods:Male SD rats were randomly allocated to the ISO-induced CHF group(n=50) receiving two subcutaneous injections of 170mg ISO per kilogram of body and the healthy control group(n=10) receiving two subcutaneous injections of 0.25ml normal saline.At 18th week,the hemodynamic parameters including HR,LVSP,LVEDP and ?dp/dtmax were assessed.TNF-? in plasma were all detected.Results:Compared with the control group,the LVSP、?dp/dtmax significantly decreased and the HR,LVEDP enlarged notably in CHF group(P