Objective To study the chemical constituents in the immature fruits of Momordica charantia. Methods Isolation and purification were carried out by macroporous absorption resin and silica gel, and compounds were identified and elucidated by spectral and chemical methods. Results Ten compounds were obtained from alcohol extract and five of them were determined as germanicyl acetate (Ⅰ), aglycone of momordicoside Ⅰ (Ⅱ), aglycone of momordicoside L (Ⅲ), charantin (Ⅳ), and ?-sitosterol (Ⅴ). Conclusion For all the first time, compound Ⅰ is found in the plants of Momordica L., compound Ⅱ is found as novel natural product in this plant, and compound Ⅲ is found in China.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in Momordica charantia.Methods The alcohol extract was isolated by macroporous adsorption resin and silica gel,and the compound structures were identified by spectral methods.Results Two couple isomers were isolated,the structure of one couple was identified as 19R-5?,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3?,19-diol(Ⅰa)and 19S-5?,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3?,19-diol(Ⅰb);the structure of the other couple was identified as 3-O-glucopyranoside of 5?,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3-ol(Ⅱa),and 3-O-allopyranoside of 5?,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3-ol(Ⅱb).Conclusion New compounds Ⅰa,Ⅰb,Ⅱa,and Ⅱb are isolated from M.charantia for the first time.

OBJECTIVETo determine the recognition of healthy medical students on deqi after acupuncture, reveal the qualitative and quantitative rules of deqi and understand whether these rules are the factors of the clinical application of acupuncture therapy.

METHODSThe class questionnaires were used for the investigation study on the understanding of deqi after acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) or Zusanli (ST 36) in 86 healthy students in the clinical medicine class.

RESULTS(1) Deqi was a kind of complicated compound feelings, with many sensation qualities such as distending pain, distension and pain. (2) Deqi was a kind of mild and moderate sensations. In 10-score credit sys tem of Massachusetts General Hospital acupuncture sensation scale (MASS), the scores of distending pain (4.69 +/- 2.83), distension (4.39 +/- 2.91) and soreness and distension (3.93 +/- 2.93) were around 5 (moderate degree), the scores of stabbing pain (1.89 +/- 2.02) were around 2 (mild degree). (3) The differences in the quantitative scores were significant for stabbing pain, distending pain, distention, soreness and distention and the others before and after treatment (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONDeqi of acupuncture is the mild and moderate complicated sensations manifested as distension, soreness, pain and numbness. As the invasive therapy, the filiform needle puncture will bring a certain psychological impacts on the receptors. The subjective sensation is possibly the factor for the patients' selection of acupuncture treatment.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Needles ; Qi ; Schools, Medical ; Sensation ; Young Adult

Objective Carry out the reform of the online learning mode of prehospital training for refresher doctors , and evaluate the effect of reform in Peking Union Medical College Hospital .Methods An exploration was carried out on the refresher doctors prehospital training mode from traditional classroom teaching to online learning , Estab-lished the online learning system .Evaluated the effect of online learning by the way of questionnaire investigation andreexaminationamong289refresherdoctors.Results 289refresherdoctorshavecompletedthestructuredon-line courses of prehospital training , and the average pass rate of the first test was 42.2%.The questionnaire and retest was conducted , A total of 262 doctors completed the work , The recovery rate was 90.7%, and the average pass rate of retest was 74.9%, showing improvement by 32.7%.Conclusions Online learning mode is an effec-tive tool for knowledge dissemination , and has a better learning effect .

Objective To establish a military disease prevention and control website to achieve dissemination of disease control information , resource sharing , business communication in the whole army , and popularize relevant knowledge of disease prevention and control promotion among the troops .Methods Based on the content management system and meta-data repository platform,B/S system architecture, JSP,MySQL and other programming techniques and tools were used to complete the system development .Results The military disease prevention and control website we designed has been for-mally launched ,which was able to implement a set of functions such as content distribution , full-text retrieval ,classification and aggregation of knowledge , online consultation .Conclusion This website plays a positive role in enhancing military prevention and control ,popularizing relevant laws and regulations ,meeting the health needs of the army soldiers and impro-ving the ability of disease prevention in grass-roots units.

Thyroid hormone is an important hormone for regulating cell differentiation,growth and metabolism.Many studies have shown that thyroid hormone can induce turmor angiogenesis after binding with the integrin ανβ3 receptor at cell surface.Tetraiodothyroacetic acid is the analogue of thyroid hormone,and can inhibit tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting the binding of thyroid hormone with integrin ανβ3.Studying the role of thyroid hormone in promoting tumor angiogenesis may provide a new approach for molecular targeted therapy of tumor.

Objective To construct a cell line with long time secreting endostatin. Methods Human endostatin cDNA containing interleukin-2 (IL-2) secreting peptide was cloned into eukaryotic expression plasmid pSNA2.0 to construct recombinant plasmid pSNA2.0/Endostatin. The plasmid pSNA2.0/Endostatin was transfected into HEK293 cells by cationic liposome. The positive cell clones were selected by G418 and named hED/293. The expression of endostatin protein was analyzed by Western-blot. Results Endostatin could be determined in the supernatant of hED/293 cells. Conclusion The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector is correctly constructed. The human endostatin protein can be expressed and secreted.

Objective To establish the model of glioma by hypodermic of C6 cells line into the nude mice and observe the growth characteristics. Methods The C6 gliocyte suspension was injected into the left subaxillary hypoderma of nude mice. The diameter and the volume of the tumor were measured and calculated, and the volume-time growth curve was plotted. The cells of tumor were observed under the HE and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immono-histochemistry staining. Results The tumor appeared in inoculation area 7 d after injection, and presented nearly exponential development after about 20 d. The survival time of the nude mice is 22～48 d. The tumors were with sharp border, affluent blood vessel, and a great number of GFAP-positive cells. Conclusion The model of glioma can be well induced by hypodermic of the cultured C6 gliocyte into nude mouse.

Quantities of teaching-helping activities are present in among hospitals because of gap in education quali-ty.Effectiveness of those helping activities depends on establishment of a scientific teaching -helping system.Teach-ing-helping system among hospitals is based on the establishment of teaching system of hospital , scientific and scheduled helping process management , and a clear claim of effectiveness .Peking Union Medical College Hospital reviewed its teaching-helping activities and developed a theoretical model of effectiveness of teaching -helping among hospitals .

Objective To compare the biological characteristics of several different anxiety rat models established by different methods of stress at different time points and provide experimental basis for the most appropriate modeling methods .Methods 60 rats were randomly divided into normal , empty bottle stress , chronic emotional stress ( CES ) group, restraint stress for 3h, 6h, and modeling respectively .In the experimental 7 d, 14 d, 21 d, elevated plus maze and fear condition system was used to test anxiety-like behavior in rats , open field test to study anxiety or depression-like behavior , forced swimming test was used to detect depression-like behavior in rats , and using the Elisa test kit to detect the contents of 5-HT, DA in the hippocampus in rats .Results Anxiety-like behavioral test results showed that rats in empty bottle stress, CES, 6 h restraint stress group started to have anxiety-like behavior since 14 d, then anxiety-like behavior was becoming increasingly apparent .Forced swimming test results showed that immobility time in 6 h restraint rats was significantly increased in the first 7 d(P <0.05).Meanwhile, compared with control group, hippocampal 5-HT, DA contents in empty bottle stress and CES rats increased significantly since 14 d.Conclusions Among several stress methods established anxiety model , anxiety-like behavior in 3 h restraint stress was not obvious; 6 h restraint stress exhibited a depression-like behavior in the forced swimming test might be due to prolonged stress .Empty bottle stress and CES can successfully establish the anxiety rat model , and the anxiety behavior of the rats have some differences . Corresponding model methods can be selected according to different experimental purposes .