Objective To observe the fluctuations of blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients treated by insulin hypodermic injection in different sites.Methods 30 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into three groups:abdominal,edltoid region and lateral femoral subcutaneous injection group.After half a year of insulin therapy,dynamic glucose monitoring for consecutive(71±10)hours was conducted,and(847±80)results of glucose Level were obtained.Results The average glucose had no difference in three group,but diurnal maximum and maximum fluctuation amplitude in patients of abdominal subcutaneous injection group were significantly lower than the Other groups(P＜0.05).The time percentage of glycemic fluctuations within 3.6～10.0mmol/L and diurnal minimum was higher compared to other groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion The site choice of insulin subcutaneous injection can influence the fluctuations of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus and abdominal subcutaneous tissue was the most ideal of the three subcutaneous injection sites.

Objective Investigation of biological characteristics of Cdc 20AAA/+APCmin/+ mouse embryonic fibroblast(MEFs) indicate the effect of Cdc20AAA/+on growth of mouse embryonic fibroblast and the possible mechanism . Methods MEFs of Cdc20AAA/+APCmin/+, Cdc20AAA/+, APCmin/+ and WT genotype were harvested from embryos for analysis.The growth characteristics of Cdc20AAA/+APCmin/+, Cdc20AAA/+,APCmin/+and WT mouse embryonic fibroblast were analyzed through growth curve analysis and foci formation assay .Separation of sister chromatid and the presence of aneuploid were detected by karyotype analysis .Results Cell proliferation assays showed that Cdc 20AAA/+APCmin/+cells grew at an accelerated rate compared with APC min/+MEFs(P<0.01).Foci formation assay showed that the clone forming ability was significantly increased .Cdc20AAA/+APCmin/+MEFs showed a significant increase in the frequency of aneuploid compared with WT MEFs , which had a karyotype of 38 and contained prematurely separated sister chromatids .Conclusion Cdc20 carrying a null allele (Cdc20AAA/+) may accelerate the growth and proliferation of APC min/+MEFs and present the growth characteristics of the tumor cells .The possible mechanism may be associated with chromosome instability .

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of brain wave-biofeedback on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods29 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder used VBFB3000 Brain Wave-Biofeedback system to control the 4～8 Hz brain wave and activate the 12～16 Hz wave twice a week.Results84.6% children primarily with attention deficit became normal,as well as 100% with hyperactivity,91.6% with mixed appearing.ConclusionBrain Wave-Biofeedback is effective on any types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

ObjectiveTo probe the effect of the electroacupuncture on vascular dementia(VD) and content of arginine vasopressin(AVP) in brain of rats. Methods30 Sprague Dawley rats were made renal hypertension(RHR) by the kidney arteries pinched with silver clip.After 42 days, their bilateral common carotid arteries were blocked repeatedly to cause cerebral ischemia.The Hypertension Vascular Dementia model was made. Then they were divided into model group,electroacupuncture group and medicine group(Dihydroergotoxine,DHET) with 10 in each group. The course was 28 days. The ability of learning and memorizing was observed by water maze, and the content of AVP in brain was detected after treatment. ResultsThe latent period of the electroacupuncture group and medicine group was shorter than that of the model group(P<0.05-0.005), and that of the electroacupuncture group was shorter than medicine group(P<0.05-0.005). In frontal lobe, the contents of AVP in the electroacupuncture and medicine groups were higher than that of model group( P<0.01,P<0.05), and the electroacupuncture group was higher than medicine group in striatum (P<0.05). Conclusions It indicated that electroacupuncture therapy can promote the ability of learning and memorizing and enhance the content of AVP in the brain of VD rats. It's therapeutic effect is better than that of DHET.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of sodium tungstate on glucose metabolism in adipocytes and its mechanism. METHODS: After 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes, these adipocytes were incubated with sodium tungstate (0, 150, 300, 500, and 700 micromol/L) for 48 h, and then glucose consumption of the adipocytes was detected by glucose-oxidase assay. Glucose transport was determined by the uptake of 2-deoxy-[3H]-D-glucose, and the expression of glucose transport-4 (GLUT-4) mRNA was identified by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: Sodium tungstate (150 approximately 700 micromol/L) could significantly increase the glucose consumption and glucose transport with a concentration dependent-effect. Sodium tungstate could increase GLUT-4 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION Sodium tungstate can enhance the glucose metabolism of adipocytes by up-regulating the expression of GLUT-4 mRNA.
3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes ; metabolism ; Animals ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tungsten Compounds ; pharmacology ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVETo study in vitro anti-tumor activity of phaseoloideside E (PE) with human hepatoma HepG2 cells as the objective.

METHODMTT assay was adopted to detect the cytotoxic effect of PE of different concentrations on HepG2 cells after being processed for 48 h. Changes in morphology of PE-processed cells were observed under an optical microscope and fluorescence microscope. DNA agrose gel electrophoresis was used to detect the DNA ladder, an important characteristic of cell apoptosis. The expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 were determined by western blot assay.

RESULTPE dramatically repressed the viability of HepG2 cells. Typical morphological changes of apoptosis had been detected by both direct microscopic observation and Hoechst 33,258 staining. Typical DNA Ladder was also observed by agarose gel electrophoresis in the administration group, but it did not exist in the control group. Western blot showed that the expression of Bax was up-regulated and Bcl-2 was down-regulated.

CONCLUSIONAbove data demonstrates that PE can induce apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells, and indicate that PE-induced expression level changes of Bax and Bcl2 may be related to the apoptosis-induction effect.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; analysis

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of different concentrations of glucose on the differentiation of 3T3-L(1) and the expression of insig-1 and insig-2 mRNA, and to explore the effect of insulin-induced gene in the differentiation and formation of adipocytes and lipogenesis. METHODS: The 3T3-L(1) cells were induced to differentiate in high glucose concentration (25 mol/L G.S), low glucose concentration (5.5 mol/L G.S), and mannitol (19.5 mol/L Mannitol +5.5 mol/L G.S), respectively. The differentiation of 3T3-L(1) cells was examined by oil red "O" straining, and the expression of insig-1,insig-2 mRNA and AP2 mRNA was examined by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: With the differentiation of 3T3-L(1) cells, the expression of insig-1 and insig-2 mRNA was gradually up-regulated. The expression of insig-1 and insig-2 mRNA significantly increased while AP(2) mRNA decreased in the low glucose concentration inducing group and mannitol inducing group. In the high glucose concentration inducing group, the cell differentiation was poor (P<0.05). There was no difference between the low glucose concentration and the mannitol group in the differentiation of 3T3-L(1) cells, and in the expression of insig-1 and insig-2 and AP(2) mRNA. CONCLUSION Different concentrations of glucose may influence the cell differentiation and the low glucose concentration promotes insig-1 and insig-2 gene expression, which may lead to the inhibition of the differentiation and lipogenesis of preadipocytes.
3T3-L1 Cells ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Glucose ; pharmacology ; Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective To investigate the invasion situation of cardinal ligaments(CL) in stage Ⅰ A2 - ⅡA2 cervical cancer and to find the high risk clinicopathological factors affecting its invasion .Methods The retrospective analysis was performed on the clinicopathological data in 2 982 patients with cervical cancer treated by operation extracted in 5 hospitals from January 2004 to De‐cember 2014 .Results (1) Totally 855 cases according with the research condition were included .The CL invasion was found in 20 cases(2 .3% ) .No CL invasion occurred in the stage ⅠA2 ,the CL invasion rate in the stage ⅠB1 was 1 .7% ,in the stage ⅠB2 was 1 .2% ,in the stage ⅡA1 was 5 .7% and in the stage ⅡA2 was 2 .9% .With the increase of FIGO staging ,the CL invasion rate had no significant increase(P=0 .269) .(2) The infiltration rate of left CL and right CL had no statistical difference among the stageⅠA2- ⅡA2(P=1 .000) .And the invasion rate of the left CL with different FIGO stages had no statistical difference(P=0 .286) , while the right one had statistical difference(P=0 .005) ,in which the highest was in the stage ⅡA1 (4 .3% ) .(3)The univariate a‐nalysis found that lymph‐vascular invasion ,cervical stroma infiltration depth ,pelvic lymph node metastasis ,uterus body infiltration and vaginal fornix infiltration were the risk factors of CL invasion(P<0 .01);the further multivariate analysis determined that the invasion of uterine body(OR=11 .858) ,pelvic lymph node metastasis(OR=6 .359 ,) ,vaginal fornix infiltration(OR=6 .012 ,) were the risk factors for CL invasion(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The invasion rate of CL invasion in early stage cervcial cancer is low .The invasion of uterine body ,pelvic lymph node metastasis and vaginal fornix filtration are the risk factors for CL invasion in the stageⅠA2- ⅡA2 cervical cancer .

Objective To measure the expression of circulating microRNA (miRNA)in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver failure and its relationship with disease prognosis.Methods The miRNA expressions in serum of 5 patients with HBV-related liver failure and 5 healthy control subjects were compared using Exiqon miRCURY LNATM miRNA microarray.The sera from 20 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB),20 patients hepatitis B related cirrhosis,50 patients with HBV-related liver failure and 40 healthy persons in Ruijin Hospital were collected.The relative expression of miRNA-595 was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The relative expressions of miRNAs among groups were analyzed using student t test,the correlations were analyzed by Pearson and Spearman correlation.Results Microarray informed that 92 miRNAs changed significantly in patients with HBV-related liver failure,and miRNA-595 increased most significantly.The results of real-time PCR showed that the relative expressions of miRNA-595 ,miRNA-300 and miRNA-122 were 6.03 (t=3.134, P =0.003),3.12 (t=7.221 ,P <0.01)and 2.77 (t=2.671 ,P =0.021),which were higher compared to those in healthy control group.In the analysis of the relationship between miRNA-595 expression and disease prognosis in patients with HBV-related liver failure,the relative expressions of miRNA-595 in patients with CHB,hepatitis B related cirrhosis and HBV-related liver failure were 2.26 (t =3.780,P =0.001),3.32 (t = 6.111 ,P < 0.01)and 6.03 (t = 3.134,P = 0.003),respectively,which were all increased compared to that of the healthy control.The relative expression of miRNA-595 of patients with HBV-related liver failure was 2.66 times (t=2.450,P =0.043)higher than that of patients with CHB. When dividing patients according to prothrombin activity,miRNA-595 increased significantly in patients with early stage liver failure.When dividing patients according to model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score,MELD score was positive correlated with the expression of miRNA-595 when MELD score was under 30 (r=0.673,P =0.004).The expression of serum miRNA-595 in survival group (11 .08,n=23) was higher than that in non-survival group (3.67,n = 27,t =4.309,P =0.041).Conclusions The expressions of miRNA595 ,miRNA-300 and miRNA-122 are all increased in patients with HBV-related liver failure,especially the expression of circulating miRNA-595 at early stage of the disease.The miRNA-595 may be used as a new serum biomarker for monitoring the severity of disease.

OBJECTIVE: To detect porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) in Daweizi pigs and to provide basic parameters of evaluating the biological safety for xenotransplantation from pigs to humans. METHODS: Ear tissues from 42 individuals were randomly collected from a Daweizi pig population. PCR and RT-PCR were performed to detect PERV proviral DNA and mRNA respectively. Finally, env-A, env-B, and env-C were amplified, sequenced, and analyzed using the BLAST software in National Center for Biotechnology Information. RESULTS: PERV proviral DNA and mRNA could be detected in the 42 individuals by PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. env-A, env-B and env-C were detected in all the individuals. Compared with other pig species (AY288779, DQ011794 and AY534304), there was 1 and 8 bp differences in the sequences of env-A and env-C, while no difference in env-B. CONCLUSION PERV exists and has transcriptive activity in Daweizi pigs. The predominate subtype is PERV-ABC. Env genes are firstly cloned and sequenced in Daweizi pigs and there are polymorphism in the breed. As to the biological safety, the breed was not suitable as a donor in xenotransplantation.
Animals ; DNA, Viral ; isolation & purification ; Endogenous Retroviruses ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Swine ; virology ; Transplantation, Heterologous