Objective To compare the clinical effects and characteristics between hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) and haematoma clearance by craniotomy for basal ganglia.Methods Clinical data of 50 patients with HICH in basal ganglia were collected,including operation duration,amount of intraoperative bleeding,cleared amount of haematoma,postoperative intracranial infection,and GOS at the sixth month after operation.The patients were divided into endoscopic group and craniotomy group.Clinical effects were analyzed by using GOS at the sixth month as a prognosis index.Results Preoperatively,the two groups showed no significant difference in any type of clinical materials(all P ＞ 0.05).Operation durations were (1.5 ± 0.8) h and (3.5 ± 1.1) h (P ＜ 0.05),respectively; amounts of intraoperative bleeding were (40.0 ± 19.7) rnl and (40.6 ± 13.2) ml (P ＜ 0.05),respectively; clearance rates of haematoma were (92.6 ± 9.4) ％ and (73.1 ± 21.1) ％ (P ＜ 0.05),respectively; cases of postoperative intracranial infections were 0 and 3 (P ＜ 0.05),respectively,for the endoscopy group and the craniotomy group.GOS prognosis at 6 months showed 7 cases of good recovery,12 cases of slight disability,2 cases of severe disability,1 case of vegetative state,and 1 death in the endoscopy group;6 cases of good recovery,9 cases of slight disability,6 cases of severe disability,3 case of vegetative state,and 1 death in the craniotomy group.Prognosis was better in the endoscopy group than in the craniotomy group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Endoscopic surgery is an efficient and minimally invasive and operating technique for the treatment of hypertensive basal ganglia intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To obtain highly purified botulinum neurotoxin A light chain(BoNT-ALC) protein in E.coli by genetic engineering and multi-step purifications, and identify its metalloproteases activity.Methods The full-length of BoNT-ALC was cloned from BoNT A by PCR and inserted into plasmid pET-22b.Then pET-22b-ALC was transformed into E.coli BL21( DE3) strains and induced by IPTG.The protein was purified by Ni-NTA sepharose,anion exchange column and gel filtration.The enzymatic activity of the protein was identified by SNAP-25.Results and Conclusion A highly purified and homogeneous protein is obtained, which shows good enzymatic activity.

Objective To establish a rapid detection approach by visual interpretation directly for OprD2 resistance gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on the Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP),and provide a quick and effective method for clinical monitoring of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.Methods Totally 47 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from December 2011 to June 2012 in Southwest Hospital of microorganisms were prospectively studied.Four LAMP primers (two inner,two outer) were designed according to the six zones of the OprD2 gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.A positive reaction is indicated by the color change after adding an intercalating dye (hydroxy naphthol blue) to the reaction solution.This method was used to detect and analyze the distribution of OprD2 resistance gene in 47 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its coirelation with antibiotic resistance.Results The LAMP assays showed 100％ specificity for the OprD2 gene,and the sensitivity (with the lowest detection limits of 17.414 μg/L) was 10-fold higher than that of conventional PCR assays.The OprD2 gene was negative in 23 strains by both conventional PCR and LAMP.In OprD2 negative strains,the resistance rate of cefotaxime,levofloxacin,aztreonam,piperacillin,imipenem and meropenem was 100％ (23/23),57％ (13/23),48％ (11/23),48％ (11/23),48％ (11/23) and 43％ (10/23).Compared with the OprD2 positive strains,statistical analysis showed that the resistance rate of imipenem,levofloxacin and meropenem in OprD2 negative strains increased significantly (chisquare value is 9.155,4.846,4.037,P value was 0.002,0.028,0.045,and so there was significant difference).Conclusions The established LAMP approach in this study enables rapid,sensitive and specific detection of OprD2 gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by visual interpretation.Deficiency of OprD2 gene confers Pseudomonas aeruginosa a basal level of resistance to carbapenems especially to imipenem.The identification of OprD2 gene distribution in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is helpful to the selection of antimicrobial agents in the infection treatment.

Objective To study the changes of plasma gastrin (Gas), substance P (SP) and vascoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) among children with recurrent abdominal pain and their family members,and to explore if there is the rule of the changes.Methods The fasting plasma Gas, SP and VIP were determined by radioimmunoassay method among 30 children with recurrent abdominal pain, and 45 family members including first-degree relatives and second-degree relatives as well as 35 normal healthy children and 20 normal healthy adults. Individuals were divided into five groups:children with recurrent abdominal pain (study group 1), family members with recurrent abdominal pain (study group 2), normal healthy children (control group1), family adults without recurrent abdominal pain (control group2) and normal healthy adults (control group3) . The whole family members of 7 children with recurrent abdominal pain were focused on and analysed.Results 55 of 130 volunteers were with recurrent abdominal pain including 30 children and 25 adults. There were 22 adults with and 20 adults without recurrent abdominal pain in the whole family members of 7 children with recurrent abdominal pain. The fasting plasma Gas content had no difference between study group 1 and control group1 ( <0.05), but the levels of fasting plasma SP and VIP were both in decrease and had difference between study group 1 and control group1 (<0.05) .The fasting plasma Gas,SP and VIP had no difference between study group 2 and control group 2 ( >0.05) .The levels of fasting plasma Gas content had no difference between study group 2 and control group 3 (>0.05),but the levels of fasting plasma SP and VIP were both in increase and had difference between study group 2 and control group3. The fasting plasma Gas content had no difference between country group 1 and control group3 ( <0.05),but the levels of fasting plasma SP and VIP had difference between country group 1 and control group3 ( <0.01) .The levels of fasting plasma SP and VIP had no difference between study group 1 and study group 2 ( <0.05) .The levels of fasting plasma Gas, SP and VIP content had no difference among the whole family members of 7 children with recurrent abdominal pain including 22 adult members with and 20 adult members without recurrent abdominal pain (>0.05) .Conclusions There are the same plasma Gas contents in normal children and adults.However, the plasma SP and VIP contents are higher in normal children than ones in normal adults. The plasma SP and VIP contents are lower in children with recurrent abdominal pain than ones in normal children. The plasma SP and VIP contents are higher in adults with recurrent abdominal pain than ones in normal adults. These suggested that the increases of plasma SP and VIP may have a close relationship with the pathogenesis of children and adults with recurrent abdominal pain. The contents of plasma Gas, SP and VIP were consistent in the whole family members of 7 children with recurrent abdominal pain. It suggested that the secretion of gastrointestinal hormone is disorder in the families with recurrent abdominal pain.

Objective To analyze the mammographic features of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC)compared to those of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).Methods Twenty cases with ILC and 95 cases with IDC were retrospectively evaluated by two breast radi-ologists according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS)lexicon.The mammographic findings were com-pared between ILC and IDC with the independent samples chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test,as appropriate.Results Mass was the most common finding in both ILCs and IDCs,but less frequent in ILCs (36.4% vs 63.9%,P =0.008).Mass in ILCs was more frequently lobular or irregular shape with spiculated margin.Architectural distortion and focal asymmetry were more frequent in ILCs than in IDCs,however,the differences were no significant.The frequency of calcifications was not significantly different between the two groups.The distributions of calcifications were more regional in ILCs,and more segmental or linear in IDCs (P =0.01).Conclu-sion ILCs are more usually shown as non-mass appearances on mammography.ILCs that appeared as mass are more frequently ir-regular in shape with spiculated margins.

Objective To explore the use of antithymocyte globulin in peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from HLA-identical sibling donors. Methods Fifty-seven adults with hematological malignancy were treated with a first myeloablative matched related donor peripheral blood stem cell transplantation with pretransplantation of ATG. All patients received modified Bu/cy conditioning regimen or Cy/TBI conditioning regimen. GVHD prophylaxis protocol included Rabbit ATG (thymoglobulin, genzyme),Cyclosporin A, methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil. Results All patients underwent engraftment with neutrophils and platelets. Incidence of aGVHD was 36.8 %. Gades Ⅰ - Ⅱ was observed in 31.6 %. Grade Ⅲ was 5.2 %. Grade Ⅳ was not seen. Incidence of cGVHD was 33.3 %, including two extensive cGVHD cases.Infection had occurred in twenty-two patients during transplantation. Twenty-nine (50.9 %) patients occurred CMV reactivation. The 5-year estimated OS is 71.35 %. The 5-year estimated DFS is 68.61%. Conclusion Pretransplantation with low dose ATG given to recipients undergoing MRD PBCT may result in less aGVHD and cGVHD. No cases of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease was observed. Significant morbidity and mortality from opportunistic infection were not seen. Relapse remains a problem among high-risk patients.

BACKGROUND: The incompatible reaction may occur after islet transplantation, which affects the survival and functions of cells. OBJECTIVE: To explore the islet cells injury and its causes during islet transplantation. METHODS: The pancreases of voluntary, brain death, donors were isolated by collagenase, and the islet cells injury was measured with different cold ischemia times. The islet cells were cultured with blood as follow: HLA matching group: recipient whole blood + islet cells, recipient whole blood + islet cells + heparin; HLA mismatching group: recipient whole blood + islet cells, recipient whole blood + islet cells + heparin; Control group: recipient whole blood + RPMI1640. The potential injury to islet cells was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The pancreases were smoothly obtained. The activity of islets may be more than 80% within 5 hours of ischemia preservation time, which was less than 19% if the cold ischemia preservation time was over 8 hours. When human islets were exposed to human blood, it will induce a rapid consumption of blood cells, no matter HLA matching or HLA mismatching. After adding heparin into the blood, these events were avoided. At 24 hours of in vitro culture, the number of survival islet cells in the HLA matching group was greater than that of the HLA mismatching group (P < 0.05). The results described that cold ischemia time affects islet cells activity, reduce the cold ischemia preservation time within 5 hours and HLA typing are conductive to enhance the quantity of living islets.

theengraftment of neutrophil and platelet after HLA-matched sibling allogeneic blood and marrow transplantation.Duration from diagnosis to trarmplantation was another factor influencing engraftment of platelet.

Objective To study the benzylphenethylamine alkaloids from the bulbs and flowers of Lycoris radiata.Methods Alkaloids were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and their structures were identified by spectral data.Results Fifteen known benzylphenethylamine alkaloids were isolated and identified as lycoramine(1),O-demethyllycoramine(2),N-demethyllycoramine(3),galanthamine(4),lycorine(5),caranine(6),ungminorine(7),narciclasine(8),5-hydroxy-10-O-demethyl-homolycorine(9),hippeastrine(10),ungerine(11),hippeastrine N-oxide(12),O-demethylhaemanthamine(13),haemanthidine(14),and 8-demethoxybostasine(15).Conclusion Compound 15 is first isolated from the plants in Amaryllidaceae,compounds 3,6,9,and 11 are first reported from the plants in Lycoris Herb.,and compounds 2,7,and 14 are isolated from L.radiata for the fast time.The 13C-NMR data of compouds 3,7,and 12 are first reported in the present study.Furthermore,the galasine-type alkaloid is isolated from the plants of Lycoris Herb.for the first time.

Objective To observe the characteristics of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) confined solely to gastrointestinal tract after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods Clinical data of 307 patients who received allo-HSCT in our hospital between November 2007 and December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical features, risk factors, therap(e)utic effects and prognosis of 38 patients whose aGVHD confined solely to gastrointestinal tract after allo-HSCT were analyzed.Results The incidence of aGVHD was 56. 7% (174/307). aGVHD confined solely to gastrointestinal tract occurred in 38 out of 174 patients (21.8%). The incidence of aGVHD confined solely to gastrointestinal tract was affected by human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-compatible level. The patients transplanted from HLA-matched donor had a higher probability of aGVHD confined solely to the gastrointestinal tract. After treatment with glucocorticoids or anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody, 2 patients who had aGVHD confined solely to the gastrointestinal tract died of uncontrolled aGVHD and concurrent infection. The total effective rate was 94.7%. But for patients who had aGVHD between Ⅱ-Ⅳ degree and not confined solely to gastrointestinal,therapeutic effective rate was 85.2%. There was a difference in therapeutic effect between the two groups (P =0. 015). Anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody was used in 12 patients who had aGVHD confined solely to the gastrointestinal tract and all patients' conditions of aGVHD were controlled. Conclusions aGVHD confined solely to gastrointestinal tract after HSCT was not rare. The incidence of aGVHD confined solely to gastrointestinal tract was higher in HLA-matched sibling donor than in mismatched transplantation.Therapeutic efficacy for the aGVHD confined solely to gastrointestinal tract was good. The favorable outcome might be related with the application of anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody.