Objective To investigate changes of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 2B(NR2B) level and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CaMK Ⅱ) activities in the hippocampus of vascular dementia(VD) rats and the intervention effects of Memantine.Methods The VD rat models were established by permanent,bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries.The rats were randomly divided into VD group and Memantine-treated group.At 4,8,12,16 weeks after operation,the water maze test was performed to detect the ability of learning and memory of the rats.The changes of NR2B level were measured by RT-PCR.The changes of the CaMK Ⅱ activities were determined by incorporation of 32P into histone.The resoults were compared with the sham-operated group.Results Compared with the sham-operated group,the ability of learning and memory of VD group rats at each time point after operation decreased significantly(all P

Objective To explore and analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment strategy of severe complications caused by childrenˊs foreign bodies in esophagus.Methods The clinical data of 71 ca-ses of esophageal foreign bodies in children with ENT admitted to our hospital were analyzed retrospectively from Jan 2009 to Dec 2014.Results Esophageal foreign bodies in children with 71 cases,of whom 42 males and 29 females;aged from 2 months to 14 years old,highest incidence of 1 to 3 years old.Foreign bodies in esophagus lasted 2 h to 15 d.Ingestion of metallic foreign bodies in 43 cases,12 cases of plant-based foreign body,9 cases of animal foreign bodies,7 cases of chemical foreign bodies.Foreign bodies located in the upper esophageal was 51 cases,9 cases of the middle and 7 cases of the under section,3 cases of esophageal en-trance,1 case of falling into the stomach.In children with 71 cases,9 cases had complications,69 cases were cured,improved in two cases,and the cure rate was 97.2%,the average healing time was 4 d.Conclusion Early diagnosis and treatment,avoid esophageal perforation are the key to avoid the emergence of the compli-cations in children with esophageal foreign bodies,timely and accurate treatment of esophageal perforation and other complications are the effective measures to improve the cure rate.

Objective For an analysis and evaluation of the technical efficiency of tertiary hospitals in Tianjin.Methods Data Envelopment Analysis of different combinations of indicators and Spearman Rank Correlation Analysis were used for a study of the relative efficiency between 28 tertiary hospitals and the correlation between the indictors.Results The study showed that 12 hospitals reached DEA efficient,effective rate of 42.86%,and there is a correlation between the five sets of indicators. Conclusion Regulators of Tianjin hospitals should pay attention to efficiency calculations,make full use of medical resources,strengthen scientific management,and enhance the competitiveness of the hospital.

Objective To probe into the varying efficiency of public hospitals and recommend on efficiency improvement.Methods By means of DEA method including CCR model,BCC model and Malmquist index,to study the static and dynamic changes of operating efficiency of hospitals in Tianjin from 2008 to 2012.Results The overall efficiency of these 24 hospitals is not high,and the efficiency of the tertiary hospitals (0.900)is higher than the second-level hospitals(0.828).There exist problems that the size of the second-level hospitals is either too big or too small,a lot of health resources can be saved by managing the non-DEA efficient hospitals.The trends of the total factor productivity of 24 hospitals in Tianjin from 2008 to 2012 are increased.Thanks to the advanced technology and innovation, the overall efficiency of tertiary hospitals is improved.Through improving organizational management level,the overall efficiency of second-level hospitals is improved.Conclusion Hospital managers should introduce the high-level medical workers,enhance technological innovation,improve and standardize the hospital management and service system,optimize the allocation of medical resources and select the appropriate size of the hospital with the hospital's own situation to improve the operating efficiency of the public hospitals.

Sunscreen products have been widely used with the increase in public awareness of sun protection. As sunscreens are structurally stable and resistant to degradation, the concern for their biotoxicity and impact on marine environment has been heightened increasingly, and several countries and regions have successively issued bans on relevant sunscreen products. However, these bans have not yet affected the key international rules and regulations related to sunscreen products. The risks of different sunscreens to marine ecosystems and potential risks to human themselves still need to be evaluated through further multidisciplinary researches.

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of the artificial nerve canal on irritating neuralgia after neurilemmoma resection.Methods Thirty patients diagnosed as neurilemmoma were divided into artificial nerve group and control group at randomly.There were 15 patients in each group.The nerves in artificial nerve group were enclosed using the artificial nerve besides neurilemmoma resection.The nerves in control group only had neurilemmoma resection.All patients were assessed with VAS for the degree of irritating neuralgia at 3 time points after operation.Calculate the incidence of irritating neuralgia and analyze the data using statistical methods.Results In control group,the VAS scores were 7.5,5.1,2.8,and the incidences of irritating neuralgia were 80％,67％,40％,respectively.In artificial nerve group,the VAS scores were 3.2,1.5,0,and the incidences of irritating neuralgia were 33％,13％,0.The VAS scores and the incidences of irritating neuralgia of two groups had significant difference by statistical analysis (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The artificial nerve canal can relieve the degree and decrease the incidence of irritating neuralgia after neurilemmoma resection,which is a useful method to prevent irritating neuralgia in clinic.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of young rectal carcinomain in order to improve the diagnostic level and therapeutic efficacy at the early stage.Methods Clinical data,including clinical manifestations,misdiagnosis,clinical pathology and prognosis which from 47 cases of young rectal carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively and compared with those from 99 cases of old rectal carcinoma.Results The average course of disease was 6.98 months in young patient group,it was shorter than that in old patient group(9.16 months).The misdiagnosis rate of young group(61.70%) was significantly higher than that in old group(28.28%)(P 0.05).Conclusion Compared with the old patients,advanced stage and poorly differentiated carcinoma are more common in young patients with rectal carcinoma.But the 5-year survival rates of the young and old patients are similar.In addition,T stage and lymph node metastasis are the independent prognostic factors.Therefore,early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improve the survival rate in young patients with rectal carcinoma.

Objective To survey the status quo on response time of Emergency Medical Service System (EMSS)in Beijing and analyze the influence,factors in order to explore the existent problems upon EMSS of Beijing for 2008 Beijing Olympic game Methods The quantitative and aualitative mehods were used.The data derived from the record of Beijing Emergency Medical Center on the second half of 2005 was described and analyzed.Results At present,the median of response times in Beijing 120 Emss is 16.5 min,with 14.3 min for Quartile range.The cumulate proportion was 2.28% for less than 5 min,whereas 19.20% for over 30 min. there were statistically significant differences in term of the areas and stations respectively.Conclusion The response time of Beijing EMSS is too long,and it is not to be compared to the developed eoumtries itn terms of swift reponse,we should explore and amalyze the influence factors from various angles and make effort to resolve it.

Objective To establish and optimize the evaluation indexes system of hospitals' technical efficiency in China.Methods Delphi method was used along with experts opinion to build the indexes system.Results The expert positive coefficient was over 80% in three rounds of consultation, and the coordination coefficients were 0.144, 0.302 and 0.533 respectively, proving the difference as statistically significant.In the end an evaluation indexes system of hospitals' technical efficiency had taken shape, comprising three level-1 indexes, 13 level-2 indexes and 114 level-3 indexes.Conclusions The evaluation indexes system of hospitals' technical efficiency established with Delphi method can contribute to optimizing resources allocation and promote efficiency of hospital service.

The stems and branches of Hypericum petiolulatum were extracted by alcohol and liquid-liquid extraction. Seven furofuran lignans were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of H. petiolulatum by using silica gelchromatography, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, medium-pressure liquid chromatography and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by the spectroscopic methods as pinoresinol (1), medioresinol (2), 8-acetoxypinoresinol (3), epipinoresinol (4), (+)-syringaresinol (5), (+)-1-hydroxysyringaresinol (6) and erythro-buddlenolE (7). All the isolates were firstly found in H. petiolulatum. In the bioassay, compound 7 showed remarkable antioxidative activity inhibiting Fe(+2)-cystine induced rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation with inhibitory rate 38% at a concentration of 1 x 10(-6) mol · L(-1) (positive control Vit E with the inhibitory rate of 35% at the same concentration).
Animals ; Antioxidants ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hypericum ; chemistry ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Rats