Objective In order to study the structure-activity relationship of oridonin,Some derivatives of oridonin were synthesized and their cytotoxicity activity was evaluated.Methods Oridonin (Ⅰ) was isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography.The derivatives were synthesized from oridonin through oxidation and acylation.All compounds were confirmed by spectrum analyses and their cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT method.Results Six compounds were obtained and identified as: 14-acetyl-oridonin(Ⅱ),1,14-diacetyl-oridonin(Ⅲ),14-p-tolylsulfonyl-oridonin(Ⅳ),1-oxo-oridonin(Ⅴ),14-acetyl-1-oxo-oridonin(Ⅵ),14-p-tolylsulfonyl-1-oxo-oridonin(Ⅶ).Among them compounds Ⅳ,Ⅵ,and Ⅶ were new compounds.Five compounds showed better cytotoxicity than oridonin.Conclusion The cytotoxicity of 1oxo oridonin derivatives is first evaluated and shows the stronger cytotoxicity than oridonin.

Naive and chronically infected C57BL/6 mice were challenged percutaneously over the ear pinna with Schistosoma japonicum cercariae. After 15 hours, the number of EOS increased significantly in the skin of chronically infected mice. Inflammatory cells aggre-gated in the vicinity of schisto.somula or entrapped intact and disintegrated schistosomula, forming granulocytic micro-abscesses in both groups. Ultrastructure studies revealed that flattened EOS tightly attached to the schistosomulum surface and degranulated. Local tegument damage occurred in the area of attacbment. NEU adherence did not seem to be as intimate as EOS, and degranulation was not seen. The tegument of the attached schis-tosoniulum remained normal. The result suggested that EOS appeared to be the efficient killer cell against skin phase schistosomula of S. japonicum (Figs. 1-6).

Objective To analyze the effect and safety of budesonide combined with psychological intervention on the treatment of the children with bronchitis. Methods 60 children with capillary bronchiolitis in Enze hospital from June 2014 to May 2016 were randomLy divided into the control group and the experimental group, 30 cases in each group. The control group were received conventional treatment, such as, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, bronchodilator and oxygen inhalation. At this basis, the experimental group were given budesonide aerosol inhalation combined with psychological intervention. The clinical therapeutic effect in the two groups were compared. Results The cough stopping time, hospitalization time and the time of lung wheezing rale in the experimental group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and the adverse reactions in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The children with capillary bronchiolitis patients were given budesonide inhalation combined with psychological intervention on the basis of routine therapy, which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms, improve the curative effect, low incidence of adverse reactions, shorten the treatment time, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of Fumaderm in Freund' complete adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in Spraque-Dawley rats. Methods Adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) was established by intradermal injection of 0.1 mL of Freund' complete adjuvant (CFA) in the palmar surface of the right hindpaw and Fumaderm was delivered by oral gavage for 28 days. After CFA injection, the edema of the hindpaw was determined every two days. On 28 days after CFA injection, the lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood and the cytokines were determined by flow cytometry, meanwhile the histopathological examination of ankle-joints of the animals was performed. Results Fumaderm had a significant therapeutic effect on AIA. The hindpaw swelling was reduced significantly in a dose-dependent manner. The ratio of peripheral blood T lymphocytes was improved obviously. Multiparameter cytokine analysis from peripheral blood CD4+ T cells showed a decrease of proinflammatory cytokines and an increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines in Fumaderm treated animals. A strongly reduced inflammatory response in the joint synovium was observed. Conclusion Fumaderm has potential anti-inflammatory effects on AIA rats. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanism involved in the clinical effect observed in the AIA model.

Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Nose Diseases ; etiology ; surgery ; Pancreatitis ; complications ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Ulcer

Objective To explore the significance and important measure of integrative treatment of multiple trauma patients with severe craniocerebral injury in emergency center. Methods One hundred and forty-eight multiple trauma patients with severe craniocerebral injury in emergency center from November 2002 to February 2006 were analysed retrospectively. Result In total 148 cases, 72 were cured and 26 dead, 7 were in status of plant man, 17 experienced severe deformity, and 26 did mild deformity. Conclusion Multiple trauma patients with severe craniocerebral injury usually experience a serious situation and rapid development. Therefore emergency doctors are required for organizing salvage of such patients, at the same time treatment and diagnosis are implemented. Firstly the most important key to successful salvage is appropriate disposal of fatal injury and early elimination of shock. Proper surgical choice, especially at the first time, inspection and protection of visceral functions, and attention to nutritional support are other vital methods to gain more successful salvage. ICU is also emphasized for its essentiality.

Abstract] Objective To establish an assay for the detection of porcine parvovirus ( PPV) and to verify its application for monitoring cells used for production.Methods A pair of primers and one probe were designed according to the conserved sequence encoding non-structural protein 1 (NS1).Based on the designed primers, a real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay for the detection of PPV was developed. Several parameters including the linearity, precision, minimum detection limit and anti-interference of the established assay were evaluated.A stock of PPV strains was prepared by infecting swine testicle ( ST) cells with PPV strains.An assay for the detection of PPV infection was developed by using ST cells as sensitive cells.A combined ST cell infection-PCR test was developed by combining the ST cell infection assay with the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay.The sensitivity of ST cell infection-PCR test was analyzed.The cell samples used for production of biological products were detected by using the established assay.Results The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay was specific for the detection of PPV without cross-reaction to other species of parvovirus virus, SV40 virus and other porcine viruses.The linear range of the assay was 1×109-1×104 copies/μl with a R2 value more than 0.98.The sensitivity of the real-time quantitative PCR assay was 1×104 copies/μl.Both of the intra-and inter-coefficient of variation (CV) were less than 5%in Ct values.The intra-and inter-CV in copies of detection were 5%-15% and 30%-40% respectively.The minimum detection limit of the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay was 1CCID50/ml.The PPV strains were detected in cell samples with no interference.The sensitivity of ST cells infection-PCR test was 0.01CCID50/ml.All of the 22 cell samples were negative for PPV by using the real-time fluorescent quanti-tative PCR assay.Conclusion The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and the ST cell infection-PCR test for the detection of PPV in cells were established successfully.The application of the two assays was conducive to further enhance the safety of using cells for production and therapy.

Objective To investigate the effect of exogenous apelin-13 on oxidative stress, myocardial inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis in diabetic model rats.Methods A total of 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal control group (NC, n=8) and experimental group (EX, n=32).Diabetes was induced by feeding with high-sugary and high-fat diet for 8 weeks and a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (30 mg/kg).The wellestablished 28 diabetic model rats were then randomly divided into 2 subgroups: model group (DM, n =14) and apelin-13 administration group (AP, n =14).The rats in AP group were given intraperitoneal administration of apelin-13 at a single dose of 0.1 μtmol · kg-1 · d-1 for 10 weeks, while NC group and DM group were given 0.9％ NaCl in the same way.All rats were sacrificed at the end of the week 10.Blood hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were measured by colorimetry, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rat myocardium were detected by immunohistochemistry.Masson staining was used to observe the myocardial fibrosis in rats of different groups.Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was determined by TUNEL.Results (1) Compared with NC groups, DM group showed that MDA, H2O2 and NO were significantly increased, while SOD was significantly decreased (F=22.400, 6.230, 4.267 and 8.901, all P＜0.0167).There was a statistically significant difference in the levels of MDA, H2O2,SOD between DM group and AP group.(2) The expression of TNF-α and IL-6 was significantly higher inDMgroup than inNCgroup (0.0599±0.0208 vs.0.0076±0.0031, F=35.139;0.0503±0.0243 vs.0.0071± 0.0024, F=15.946, both P＜0.0167).After 10 weeks of apelin-13 administration, the levels of inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased in AP group than in DM group.(3) The myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis were significantly increased in DM group than in NCgroup [0.0293±0.0061 vs.0.0030-t-0.0013 and 0.0708±0.0420 vs.0.0013±0.0003, F=84.930 and 19.420, both P＜0.0167].The myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis were significantly decreased in AP group than in DM group (both P＜0.0167).Conclusions To some extent, apelin13 reduces the levels of oxidative stress and myocardial inflammation reaction in type 2 diabetes.Moreover, it may play a vital role in the improvement of myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis.

Objective To study the effect of rhodiola crenulata compound on serum corticosterone and myocardial glucocorticoid receptor ( GR) in rats exposed high sustained +Gz.Methods Seventy-two healthy SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: blank control group, stress control group, +10 Gz stress group and low, medium, high dose drug group, with twelve rats in each.20 mL/kg menstruum was fed to each rat once per day for 14 days.Low, medium and high dose drug group were fed with rhodiola crenulata compound at doses of 0.75 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg and 3.0 g/kg respectively, the other three groups were fed with equal volume saline.Rats were exposed to high +Gz in 15th day.The concentration of corticosterone in the serum of each group rats was detected with ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of GR in the myocardium of each group rats .Results The content of corticosterone was significantly elevated in +10Gz stress group, while the expression of GR in the myocardium was markedly declined (P <0.01,P <0.05).However, compound preconditioning could decrease concentration of corticosterone in the serum and enhance the expression of GR in the myocardium from rats after +10 Gz exposure. The corticosterone concentration of medium and high dose drug groups was significantly lower and the level of GR expression in the myocardium was significantly higher than that of +10 Gz stress group ( P <0.05 , P <0.01 ) . Conclusion Rhodiola crenulata compound preconditioning could regulate the concentration of corticosterone in the serum and the level of GR expression in the myocardium of the rats exposed +10 Gz, which may be related with its protective effect on high sustained +Gz-induced injury of myocardium.

Objective To investigate the relationship between cognitive function and emotional status in functional constipation patients.Methods Thirty-five functional constipation patients (the functional constipation group) and 24 healthy controls (the HCs) were enrolled in an event-related potential (ERP),behavior and electroeneephalogram study while performing an oddball auditory task.Response time,accuracy,latency and P300 amplitude were compared between the two groups.The Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-17),Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA),symptom check list-90 (SCL-90) and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) were administered prior to the oddball task.Results The average HAMD-17,HAM A and SCL-90 (the somatization,obsessive-compulsive disorder,depression,anxiety and psychosis dimensions) scores of the functional constipation group differed significantly from those of the HCs.The intro-extraversion and neurosis dimensions of the EPQ were also significantly different.There was no significant difference in response time or latency between the two groups.The ERP results showed that the P300 amplitudes at the F3 and F7 sites were significantly different between the functional constipation group and the HCs.But there was no significant difference in P300 latencies at F3 or F7 between the two groups.Conclusions The findings suggest that patients with functional constipation are more susceptible to depression and anxiety,as well as somatization,obsessive-compulsive tendencies and other neurotic personality characteristics.Patients may employ psychological defense mechanisms to avoid the depression and anxiety.The ERP results imply there may be the implicit cognitive dysfunction with emotion in patients with functional constipation.