Ojective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of conformal radiotherapy on metastatic hepatic cancer. Methods 10 cases of metastatic hepatic cancer (1 to 5 metastatic focus respectively) were treated with stereotactic radiotherapy from Septermber 1997 to April 2000. The clinical target volume(CTV) of tumor ranged from 0.6cm 3 to 232cm 3 (the mean 41.9cm 3), peripheral irradiation doses of planning target volume (PTV) ranged from 3.96Gy to 7.00Gy(the mean 5.26Gy)each time, cential irradiation doses of PTV were 6.3Gy～10.88Gy (the mean 7.89Gy) each time, once a day for 5～8 times totally. Results No patient died during therapy. KPS of patients normal condition were 20～90(54?25.90) before treatment and 30～100 (74?23.90) after treatment. Effect of entity tumor were as follows completely relaxed (CR) in two cases, partly relaxed (PR) in four cases, no change (NC) in three cases, progressed (PD) in one case. During follow-up period tasting 2 to 28 months 90% of the tumors were controlled (no progressive disease). 60% fo the tumors decreased in size or disappeared. Conclusions Stereotactic radiotherapy has better therapeutic effects on cases of metastatic hepatic cancer.

Objective To explore the clinical and pandemic features and respiratory pathogen co-infection characteristics of children infected with influenza virus A (Flu A) in year 2009.Methods A retrospective study of hospitalized children with flu-like clinical symptoms in 2009 was conducted.The peripheral blood serum was analyzed to detect common respiratory agents,inclucding Flu A,respiratory syncytial virus,adenovirus,influenza virus B,parainfluenza virus 1,2 and 3,chlamydia pneumonia and mycoplasma pneumonia,klebsiella pneumonia (KP),haemophilus influenza and legionella pneumophila by using indirect immunofluorescence test for the antibody detection (IgM).And a standard medical history was recorded,including epidemiological data,clinical manifestation,and the length of hospital stay,white blood count and chest X-ray elsewhere.All specimens were collected in Department of Pediatrics,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,from Jan.2009 to Dec.2009.Results Flu A was detected in 234 of the 599 (39.1％,234/599 cases) flu-like children.The mean age was 48.8 months (range from 3 to 167 months).The detection rate in less than 1-year-old group (11.1％,18/162 cases) was obviously lower than that of the older groups (P ＜ O.001).Especially for the group ＜ 6 months,there was only 1 infant (1.43％,1/70 cases) with Flu A positive.Compared with Flu A negative group,the main clinical features of children with Flu A positive group were fever(78.2％,183/234 cases,P =0.013) and cough(76.5％,179/234 cases,P =0.04),however asthma (14.1％,33/234 cases,P =0.003)and diarrhea (6.0％,14/234 cases,P ＝ 0.001) cases were less.The detection rates of Flu A reached a peak of 57.0％ in November and December,and a secondary peak of 45.0％ in May and June.Flu A infection children less than 1 year old were simple in etiology.The children were older,the etiology was more complex.The primary coinfection pathogen was KP (53.8％,126/234 cases) and Flu B(48.3％,113/234 cases).Compared Flu A coinfection with or without KP,there was no difference between these 2 groups in the clinical features.Conclusions Intfluenza A is the main pathogen of hospitalized children with flu-like symptoms in 2009.Children over 1 year old age were the major infection groups of Flu A.The detection rates of Flu A reached peaks in May to June and November to December.Flu A positive children were prone to KP coinfection.

Objective To evaluate the application of high-resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis of nerve root lesion of cervical vertebra intervertebral foramen part. Methods Twenty-seven patients with root avulsion injury of brachial plexus intervertebral part and 8 patients with schwannoma of brachial plexus root were examined with high-resolution ultrasonography. Thirty healthy volunteers were involved for the sonographic imagings of normal brachial plexus intervertebral part. The ultrasound findings of the patients before operation were compared with surgical outcomes. Results The normal intervertebral part of brachial plexus were shown as hypoechoic tubular strucuture, which could be identified with cervical artery and transverse process used as landmarks for the intervertebral part of brachial plexus root. The detection ratios of normal intervertebral part for C5-C8 and outside part of braehial plexus were 100％. In 27 patients with root avulsion injury of intervertebral brachial plexus, the intervertebral nerve root were enlarged as hypoechoic area, with nerve dissected partly or disappearing, distal nerve parts outside the intervertebral foramen swelling, edema,or cerebrospinal fluid assembling as cystic masses. In 8 patients with schwannoma of brachial plexus root part, the spinal ganglia outside intervertebral foramen were shown as tumor-like hypoechoic mass, with blood supply shown inside. Conclusions High-resolution ultrasonography is of great value for early and convenient diagnosis of root avulsion injury and mass of brachial plexus intervertebral part, especially in community hospitals,which could provide important information for clinical therapy.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the left ventricular morphology, systolic function and the severity of the coronary artery lesions. Methods:A total of 589 consecutively admitted patients were studied retrospectively. All patients suspected of coronary artery disease underwent a selective coronary angiography and a survey of left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) during the hospitalization. Results:A significant correlation between the severity of the coronary artery lesions and the EF, FS, LADD, LADS, LVDS and LVDD was found through the Bivariate Correlation analysis ( P

Objective:To study the content determination method for the effective components in WudangⅡFlos lonicerae Caulis to lay foundation for the quality evaluation. Methods: An ultrasonic method was used. The effects of extraction solvent, ultrasonic time, ultrasonic power and ratio of solid to liquid on the contents of rutin and mignonette nucleoside were studied, and the extraction conditions were optimized by a 4-factor and 3-level orthogonal experiment. The chromatographic conditions were as follows:a Phenome-nex Luna-C18(250 mm ×4.60 mm, 5 μm) column was adopted for chlorogenic acid, and a Fortis Xi Phenyl column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) was used for rutin, loganin and luteoloside;the mobile phase was acetonitrile (B)-0. 4% phosphoric acid (C) solu-tion (15 ∶85) for chlorogenic acid and loganin, and acetonitrile (B) -0. 5% glacial acetic acid aqueous solutjion (D) with gradient e-lution for rutin and luteoloside;the column temperature was 30℃, and the detection wavelength was 327,237,354 and 348 nm, re-spectively. Results:The optimum extraction conditions for rutin and luteoloside from WudangⅡFlos lonicerae Caulis were as follows:the extraction solvent was 60% ethanol, the solid-liquid ratio was 1 ∶30, the ultrasonic power and the ultrasonic time were 350 W and 50 min for rutin, and 250W and 60min for luteoloside. The content of chlorogenic acid, loganin, rutin and luteoloside was 10. 27, 6. 33, 0. 401 and 0. 450 mg·g-1 in the samples, respectively. Conclusion:The method is simple and convenient, accurate and re-producible, which can be used to control the quality of WudangⅡFlos lonicerae Caulis and provide reference for the further develop-ment.

A spectrometer is one of the most important parts in a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) system. This paper describes the design of a digital MRI spectrometer. It is constructed on a PXI platform with several data acquisition boards and a high-resolution timing board. All functions of a MRI spectrometer are realized by the specially- designed software. The software architecture and its implementing details are discussed and experimental results are introduced.
Equipment Design ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; instrumentation ; methods ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Software Design

BACKGROUND: Splint fixation was a common treatment for limb fracture, but there were some limitations, such as lack of individual difference, easy to lose and being unable to self-adjusting.OBJECTIVE: To explore the design method of digital splint and related finite element analysis.METHODS: Forearms were scanned with CT; periphery parameters were extracted, followed by reverse modeling and modifying. The digital splint models were constructed. Material attribute and mechanical loading were conducted. Thelimb length, maximum stress and displacement of the bone, soft tissue and splint were calculated by finite elementanalysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The digital splint has favorable tight attaching and balanced stress to skin, and whichkeeps well stability for the micro-motion fracture ends. Our study indicated that better tight attaching splint could bedesigned by digital modeling technology. Favorable fracture fixation and mechanical property could be also achieved.

Objective To explore the effects of the minimally invasive hematoma aspiration on the repair of the pyramidal tract and improvement of neurological function. Methods Forty-eight SD male rats were equally randomized into normal control group, sham-operated group, cerebral hemorrhage group (model), model + minimally invasive hematoma aspiration at the 6th, 12th, and 24th h groups (n=8).Intracerebral hemorrhage in the later 4 groups was induced by injection of type IV collagenase + heparin into the caudate nucleus of rats, and the same amount of normal saline was injected into the sham-operated group. And then, the hematoma was lysed by injection of urokinase into the hematoma center 6, 12 and 24 h after intracerebral hemorrhage in the later 3 groups, respectively. Animals were sacrificed after behavioral function evaluation 14 d after collagenase injection. Immunohistochemistry was performed to observe the expressions of neurofilament (NF) and growth associated protein-43(GAP-43) in the posterior limb of internal capsule. Results The snatch ability of left forelimb among all the groups showed no significant differences before the success of model making (P＞0.05). The snatch ability of left forelimb in each hematoma aspiration group was much higher than that in the model group on the 14th d of collagenase injection (P＜0.05). Within the hematoma aspiration groups, the snatch ability in the group performed hematoma aspiration at the 6th h was higher than those group at the 12th and 24th h (P＜0.05). The number of NF positive fibers and the expression of GAP-43 in the 3hematoma aspiration groups were much larger or higher than those in the model group (P＜0.05); the number of NF positive fibers in the group performed hematoma aspiration at the 6th h was larger than that in those group at the 12th and 24th h (P ＜0.05); The expression of GAP-43 in the group performed hematoma aspiration at the 6th and 12th h was higher than that in the group at the 24th h (P＜0.05).Conclusion The minimally invasive hematoma aspiration performed within 24 h of intracerebral hemorrhage, especially those within 6 h, would reduce the pyramidal tract's injury, promote the repair of pyramidal tract and improve the neurological function.

Copy number aberrations (CNAs) in chromosome arm 8q have been associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes of several cancers and progressive tumor characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).This study was to identify correlation of CNAs in 8q with clinical outcomes of HCC patients,and further screen for differentially expressed genes in outcome-related CNAs.Array comparative genomic hybridization and expression arrays were performed to detect CNAs and expression levels,respectively.The correlations between CNAs in 8q and outcomes were analyzed in 66 patients,with a median follow-up time of 45.0 months (range,2.6-108.6 months).One hundred and nine cases were further evaluated to identify differentially expressed genes in the potential outcome-related CNAs.Copy number gain in 8q was observed in 22 (33.3 ％) of the 66 HCC cases.The most recurrent gains (with frequencies ＞20％) were 8q13.3-21.3,8q21.3-23.3,8q23.3-24.13,8q24.13-24.3,and 8q24.3.Survival analysis showed that 8q24.13-24.3 gain was significantly associated with reduced overall survival (P=0.010).Multivariate Cox analysis identified 8q24.13-24.3 gain as an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival (HR=2.47;95％CI=1.16-5.26;P=0.019).A panel of 17 genes within the 8q24.13-24.3 region,including ATAD2,SQLE,PVT1,ASAP1,and NDRG1 were significantly upregulated in HCCs with 8q24.13-24.3 gain compared to those without.These results suggest that copy number gain at 8q24.13-24.3 is an unfavorable prognostic marker for HCC patients,and the potential oncogenes ATAD2,SQLE,PVT1,ASAP1,and NDRG1 within the regional gain,may contribute coordinately to the 8q24.13-24.3 gain-related poor prognosis.

Objective To understand the prevalence of urinary incontinence(UI)and its severity in rural elderly people,as well as to investigate the awareness on UI in the elderly and health-care service seeking behavior.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in two townships of Jixian county,Tianjin.A total of 743 people aged 60 years and over were selected under cluster sampling method.All the information was collected with a standardized structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview.Prevalence,severity,the awareness on UI in the elderly and their utilization of health-care service for its diagnosis and treatment were analyzed.Results Prevalence of UI was 33.38% among people aged 60 years and over in two townships of Jixian,higher in females than in males(43.15% vs.22.75%,χ~2=34.70,P＜0.0001).The prevalence rates of UI in 60-age group,65-age group,70-age group,75-age group,80-age group,85-95 age group were 28.64%,32.12%,34.08%,35.45%,47.76%,30.00%,respectively,and increased with age (for trend χ~2=219,P=0.029).Stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and urge urinary incontinence(UUI)were mild,while mixed urinary incontinence(MUI)were mainly moderate.The differences of severity of SUI,UUI,MUI between men and women did not show statistical significance(all P＞0.05).In 743 elderly people,more than half of the respondents had never heard of UI(50.20%,373/743)and only 170(22.88%)elderly people considered UI as a disease.630(84.79%)and 665(89.50%)elderly people in our research group did not know that such condition was curable and preventable.In 248 elderly people with UI,only 12(4.84%)of them ever seeking community health-care services in the health-care centers or hospitals.For the ones who did visit the centers,the purpose was only to seek for drug treatment.Conclusion Prevalence of UI appeared to be high among the elderly people in rural areas of Jixian county.Most of the elderly people were lack of knowledge about UI that hindered them from seeking for diagnosis and treatment in the clinics,plus the treatment program for UI was not standardized.Knowledge on UI and health care seeking behavior should be popularized and strengthened among elderly people living in the rural areas.