Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bloodletting ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dermatitis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Insect Bites and Stings ; therapy ; Lymphangitis ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Young Adult

Endoscopes ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; surgery ; Nasal Septum ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Rhinoplasty ; Surgical Flaps

The extracting technology of salidroside, tyrosol, crenulatin and gallic acid from Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma was optimized. With extraction rate of salidroside, tyrosol, crenulatin and gallic acid as indexes, orthogonal test was used to evaluate effect of 4 factors on extracting technology, including concentration of solvent, the dosage of solvent, duration of extraction, and frequency of extraction. The results showed that, the best extracting technology was to extract in 70% alcohol with 8 times the weight of herbal medicine for 2 times, with 3 hours once. High extraction rate of salidroside, tyrosol, crenulatin and gallic acid were obtained with the present technology. The extracting technology was stable and feasible with high extraction rate of four compounds from Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma, it was suitable for industrial production.
Chemical Fractionation ; methods ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Coumarins ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; Gallic Acid ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; isolation & purification ; Phenols ; isolation & purification ; Phenylethyl Alcohol ; analogs & derivatives ; isolation & purification ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

Objective To evaluate the contribution of gyrA and parE detection in Ureaplasma genotyping.Methods Sixty Ureaplasma isolates were selected with the Mycoplasma IST kit.The gyrA and parE were amplified by PCR.The DNA was sequenced and compared with the corresponding sequences in GenBank.Results The nucleotide sequence of gyrA had 100% identity in serovar 1,3,6,14 and 100%identity in serovar 2,4,5,7～13,too.But the sequence had 91%identity between the two groups.The nucleotide sequence of parE had 98%～99% identity in serovar 1,3,6,14.And it had 100% identity in erovar 2,5,7,8,11 and 100% identity in serovar4,12,13.But it had only 90% identity between the two groups.Ureaplasma parvum(Up),Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu)and Up+Uu infection were found 68.3%(41/60),21.7%(13/60)and 10%(6/60) of clinical specimens,respectively.In Up isolates,serovar 3 was 48.8%(20/41).Conclusion Ureaplasma can be divided into two genotypes(Up and Uu)by gyrA analysis.And Up can be divided into four subtypes which correspond to serovar 1,3,6,14,respectively.Serovar 3 is the main isolate in our research.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Zonisamide(ZNS) as adjunctive therapy in patients with refractory partial seizures receiving other antiepileptic drags (AEDs).Methods This was a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled study conducted at multi-centers.All 240 subjects were randomized to either the ZNS group or the placebo group in a 1:1 ratio.The double-blind treatment phase included a titration phase during which zonisamide dose inereased from 100 mg/day to 300 mg/day over 4 weeks and then a 12-week fixed-dose phase.The primary efficacy endpoint was,the median % reduction from baseline in all pattial seizure frequency(CPS+SPS+SGS)during the fixed-dose phase.The important secondaw endpoint wag the responder rate.Safety profiles and tolerance were also evaluated.Results The FAS analysis showed the median reduction from baseline in the ZNS group was greater than in the placebo group(48.4%vs 26.6%),the difference was significant for ZNS compared with placebo(F=4.904,P=0.028);The responder rates for all partial seizures(48.6%vs34.9%,X2=4.046,P=0.044)and for complex seizures(52.2% vs 33.3%,X2=5.607,P=0.018)were significantly higber in the ZNS group than in the placebo group in the FAS population.The overall adverse events(AEs)profile was comparable between the two groups.The most frequent AEs considered to be related to zonisamide by the investigator were headache,dizziness,somnolence,anorexia,nausea,etc.Conclusions ZNS is superior to placebo in reducing the frequency of partial seizures and well-tolerated.ZNS could be a choice of adjunctive therapy in patients with refractory partial seizures.

Objective To discuss the efficacy of application combination Of minimal immunosuppressive drugs in chronic allograft nephropathy after renal transplantation. Methods Data were drawn from the First Hospital of Tsinghua University.From September 1,2004 to July 1,2006,31 cadaver kidney transplantations were performed using triple immunosuppression with tacrolimus(n=31)and MMF plus steroids before using new strategy.The new strategy is Rapamycin+tacrolimus+MMF+Prednisone.The serum ereatinine,GFR(ml/min/1.73 m2)and 24-hours urine protein before and after 12 months of using lOW dose combination of calcineurin inhibitors,MMF,Rapamune,Predsone and Q80 were recorded.During this time,the concentration of tacrolimus,rapamune were monitored as well. Results After 12 months follow-up,the serum creatinine of 28 patients were decreased from(300±21)μmol/L to(215±38)μmol/L.GFR(ml/min/1.73m2)was elevated from 42.54±2.95 to 49.98±3.05.Three patients whose serum creatinine was 416-464μmol/L had to take hemodialysis.The 24-hours urine protein(g)of 31 patients below 0.8 g did not increase urine protein during follow-up.One patient's 24-hours urine protein(g)increased from 0.95 to 1.29.The patient and graft survival rate was 100%(31/31),90.3%(28/31)respectively.The rapamune main side effect was hyperlipidemia. Conclusions Rapamune and low dose Tacrolimus+Myeophenolate Mofetil+Corticosteroid could be a safe treatment.It may improve renal function in chronic allograft nephropathy.

Objective To search for the genetic and molecular immunity basis of CXCR-1 associated pathogenesis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. Methods Sequencing analysis was used to detect mutation in the exonic, junctional and promoter sequences of CXCR-1 which might be related with ankylosing spondylitis; the hydrophobicity, conservation and evolutionary distance of the mutated amino acids were also analyzed. Results Six affected individuals in the family were detected with a novel mutation Arg192Gly. The glycine at 192 codon was highly conserved in different species. Arginine and glycine had quite distinct hydrophobicity and BLOSUM score. Conclusion The mutation CXCR-1 (Arg192Gly) detected in these patients might be involved in genetic and molecular immunity mechnisms of ankylosing spondylitis.

Objective To explore contents of amino acid neurotransmitters and expression of GABAAreceptor subunits'mRNA in subareas of basal ganglia in unilateral rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods The rat model of PD was established through right unilateral intranigral microinjection of 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)in this study.Thawed samples were taken form neostriatum(Str).globus pallidus internus(Gpi),globus pallidus externum(Gpe)and subthalamic nucleus(STN).then contents of amino acid neurotransmitters were analyzed by established high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrochemical detection methods.The subunits α1,α2,β2/3 and γ2 of GABAA receptor in Str,Gpi,Gpe and STN wre examined with Northern Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The content of GABA in Str,Gpi,Gpe and STN of diseased side were significantly increased as compared with undiseasedside.The level of glutamic acid(Glu)in Str,Gpe and STN and contents of aspartic acid (Asp)and glycine(Gly)in STN of the diseased side were significantly increased.In Str.there was a significant decrease of mRNA expression either in the subunit α1(105.3±24.5)or in the subunit β2/3(113.7 ±15.3)of GABAA receptor in the diseased side as compared with the undiseased 8ide(186.7 ±37.2,157.4±32.4,t=5.16,3.45;P<0.01).In Gpi,there was a significant increase of mRNA expression in the subunit α1(P<0.05)and α2,β2/3(P<0.01)of GABAA receptor in lesion side.In Gpe,there was a significant decrease of mRNA expression in the subunit α2(179.1±26.8)andβ2/3(154.7 ±37.8)of GABAA receptor in the diseased side(219.3.±19.7,231.1±55.8,t=3.42,3.21:P<0.01).In STN of right unilateral 6-0HDA lesion rat.there was a significant decrease of mRNA expression both in the subunitα1,α2 and β2/3(P<0.01)of GABAA receptor and in the subunit γ2(P<0.05)of GABAA receptor in the diseased side.Conclusions Changes of amino acid neurotransmitter contents and GABAA receptor subunits'mRNA expressional level in subareas of basal ganglia may be involved in PD.

Objective To investigate the CT manifestations of Meckel's diverticulum and its complications in children. Methods Retrospective analysis of Clinical and CT findings in 25 cases with pathologically proved Meckel's diverticulum. The unenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT were obtained in all patients. Results (1)The direct signs: the diverticulum cannot be shown in 5 cases; the diverticulums were found around the navel or in lower right abdomen in 20 cases. The blind-ending fluid-filled or gas-filled structures were found in 9 cases, with heterogeneous ring-enhancement. The tubercle-like structures were detected in 11 cases, which showed no enhancement in 4 cases, and homogeneous enhancement in 3 cases,and heterogeneous enhancement in 4 cases. (2) The indirect signs included intestine obstruction in 8 cases,swelling fat layer surrounding the diverticulum in 9 cases, free gas around the diverticulum in 3 cases,thickened mesentery in 8 cases, ascites in 4 cases, and intussusception due to inverted Meckel's diverticulum with "target sign" in 1 case. (3) CT classification: with diverticulitis or diverticular bleeding in 20 eases; with intestine obstruction or intussusception in 8 cases; bands-caused obstruction in 7 cases;intussusception in 1 case; with perforation in 3 cases. Conclusion Meckel's diverticulum and its complications have typical CT findings, and CT can clearly demonstrate diverticulum's shape, margin,internal components and surroundiug tissues.

Child ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Tonsillectomy ; United States