Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome

Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Risk Factors

Objective To investigate the effect of melatonin on oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and to explore its mechanisms. Methods 42 patients with moderate to severity chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable stage were random-ly divided into melatonin group and control group,and 21 patients in each group treated with melatonin(3 mg/d) or placebo for 3 months respectively. The plasma levels of 8- isoprotane,IL-8,TNF-α,h-CRP pulmonary func-tion,six minutes walking test and MRC dyspnea score before treatment,2 months and 3 months after the treatment were analyzed. Results After 2 months of treatment,compared to placebo groups,melatonin could significantly decrease the concentration of 8-isoprotane(10.40 ± 5.4 vs. 16.92 ± 4.33,P<0.05),and the concentration of IL-8 (6.88 ± 2.37 vs. 11.33 ± 3.39,P < 0.05). After 3 months of treatment,compared to placebo groups,melatonin could significantly decrease the concentration of 8-isoprotane(9.40 ± 4.0 vs. 17.92 ± 3.33,P < 0.01),and IL-8 (5.67 ± 3.22 vs. 9.31 ± 3.23,P < 0.05). Compared with before treatment,melatonin could significantly de-creased the concentration of 8-isoprotane(9.40 ± 4.0 vs. 20.40 ± 8.4,P<0.01 )and IL-8(5.67 ± 3.22 vs. 12.33 ± 3.88,P<0.05)after 3 months. Meanwhile,the concentration of the TNF-α(25.83 ± 9.18 vs. 35.83 ± 12.18,P<0.05)and hypersensitive C(1.76 ± 1.18 vs. 3.09 ± 1.79,P < 0.05)reactive protein in the melatonin group was greatly lower than the placebo group. After 3 months,compared to the placebo group,MRC dyspnea score of pa-tients in the group of melatonin was improved significantly(1.56 ± 1.38 vs. 2.09 ± 1.16,P<0.05 ),and lung func-tion and six minutes walk test showed no significant difference between patients in the two groups. Conclusions Exogenous melatonin administration can decrease the concentration of 8-isoprotane,IL-8,TNF-αand h-CRP in the blood of patients with moderate to severe COPD ,and improve the MRC dyspnea score. Melatonin has a significant effect on reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammatory reaction in patients with moderate and severe stage stable COPD,which demonstrates its potential therapeutic value with broad clinical application prospects.

BACKGROUND: Shuangshen oral liquid consisting of renshen and danshen is firstly used to treat glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat osteoporosis model through glucocorticoid and to observe the preventive effects of shuangshen oral liquid (SS) on bone substance and bone mass. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A completely randomized controlled grouping animal experiment was performed in the Animal Experimental Center and Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical College from June to September in 2008. MATERIALS: High-dose SS consisted of 3.6 kg danshen, 5 kg renshen, and then prepared by water extraction twice, and the concentration was 870g/L. On this basis, high-dose SS was diluted three times to obtain low-dose SS with a concentration of 290 g/L. The prednisone acetate raw medicine was purchased from Zhejiang Xian Ju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. METHODS: Thirty-two 3-month-old male SPF rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, and every group had 8 rats. The normal control group rats were fed with distilled water 5 mL/(kg?d) by gavage. Rats in prednisone group were treated with 0.7 g/L prednisone suspension (5 mL/kg per day) by gavage. SS group rats were treated with 0.7 g/L prednisone suspension (5 mL/kg per day) by gavage and then given the high does and low does SS (5mL/kg per day) respectively by gavage 3 hours later. The rats were sacrificed by heart hemospasia 88 days later. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body mass, bone mineral content and bone hydroxyproline content per unit bone, bone mineral density in the left femur, biomechanics indexes of the right femur. RESULTS: The long-term administration of prednisone restrained the increasing of rats body mass (P

Objective:To evaluate the effects of pigment concentration on spectral reflectance of pigmented silicone elastomer.Methods: Six kinds of pigment at different concentrations was respectively added into MDX-4-4210 silicone elastomer to prepare six series of single-chroma-samples, including red, yellow, blue, brown, white and black.The pigment concentrations to base elastomer were set at 0.1, 0.2 , 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6,0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0C, respectively while other conditions were kept the same. C is the maximum pigment concentration in practical use. The target samples were also prepared. By spectrophotometer, the spectral data of the single-chroma-samples and target samples were measured.Results:With the increase of pigment concentration, the spectral reflectance of the six series of single-chroma-samples and target samples decreased.Conclusion:Increase of pigment concentration may result in decrease of spectral reflectance of single-chroma-samples and taget samples.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of tacrolimus (FK506) on macrophage accumulation,proliferation and activation in the kidney of early diabetic rats and to explore its possible mechanism of renal protection.Methods Rats were randomly divided into control,model and tacrolimus groups.Diabetic model rats were induced with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.Tacrolimus(0.5 or 1.0 mg·kg-1 ·d-1) was orally administered once a day for 4 weeks.Kidney weight index(KWI),24-h urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER) and creatinine clearance rate(Ccr) were measured.Kidney pathology was observed by light microscopy.ED-1,PCNAandiNOSpositivemacrophagesweredetectedbysingleanddoublestainingof immunohistochemistry.Results KWI increased in model group and was significantly reduced by tacrolimus treatment with 1.0 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 (P＜0.05).UAER elevated in model group and was markedly attenuated by tacrolimus treatment with 0.5 and 1.0 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 (P＜0.05).Elevated glomerular volume of model rats was significantly decreased by tacrolimus treatment with 0.5 and 1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1 (P＜0.05),and increased indices of tubulointerstitial injury were only ameliorated by 1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1 tacrolimus(P＜0.01).Marked accumulation of ED-1+ cells in diabetic kidney was found,which was not inhibited by tacrolimus treatment with 0.5 and 1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1.ED-1PCNA+ cells and ED-1+ iNOS+ cells were significantly elevated in kidneys of model group,while they were significantly inhibited by tacrohmus treatment with 0.5 and 1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1 (P＜0.01).Conclusion Tacrolimus can ameliorate early renal injury of diabetic rats and its mechanism may be partly associated with the suppression of increased macrophages activation.

Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibroma ; pathology ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To study the emmetropization in guinea pig eyes during the normal development from birth in order to provide theoretical basis to use guinea pigs as model for research on near-sightedness.Methods Sixty-four guinea pigs were assigned to 8 groups (n=8,4 male/4 female).Each group underwent a series of ocular examinations at one of the 8 time-points (0,1,2,3,5,7,9 and 11 weeks),including refraction(R),radius of corneal curvature (RCC),depth of anterior segment(AS),thickness of crystalline lens (CL),length of vitreous chamber (VC)and axial length (AL).Pooled results from both eyes of the same animals with mixed sexes can be used for further assessment of the emmetropization with the associated biometrical changes of the eye.Correlations were made between RCC,AS,CL,VC,AL and R. Results There were no significant differences between the right eye and left eye or between male and female in results of all the examinations. The refraction at birth was (+5.25?0.22 )D in guinea pigs.This value rapidly decreased during the first 3 weeks,approaching(+1.34?0.61) D by 11 weeks.There was no significant difference in refraction between 9 and 11 weeks (P= 0.215). The RCC was (3.23?0.01) mm at birth,AS was (1.20?0.00) mm at birth,CL was (2.72?0.02) mm at birth and VC was (3.27?0.01) mm at birth,they increased within the first 3 weeks despite a transient decrease in the RCC within the first week.Such an increase continued except the AS which became constant after 3 weeks.The VC was more correlated to the emmetropization (r=-0.818,P

Objective:To study the effect of intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy combined with venoclysis on postoperative gastric cancer.Methods:140 postoperative patients with gastric cancer were divided into IPHPC group(n=72) and chemotherapy of venoclysis group(n=68).The intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy and chemotherapy of venoclysis were applied for the patients in IPHPC group at one time.Postoperative complications,toxicity,survival rate and peritoneal recurrence rate in two groups were observed.Results:There was no sharp difference in the postoperative complications and toxicity between the two groups.The 3,5 year-survival rate were 86.1%,60.2% and 58.3%,29.4% in IPHPC group and CV group.The 3,5 year-peritoneal cavity recurrence rate were 5.6%,20.6%and 27.8%,53% in IPHPC group and CV group.There were significant differences in survival rate and peritoneal recurrence rate between the two groups.Conclusion:Intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy combined with venoclysis can prevent recurrence and metastasis effectively,and improve the survival rate and quality of life of postoperative gastric cancer patients.

Serum anti-M2 mitochondrial antibody (AMA-M2) was screened with immune colloidal gold technique in 6 008 individuals aged over 60 years who underwent health check-up in Xuhui District of Shanghai,the positive samples were retested with ELISA method.The results showed that 1.31％ (79/6 008) individuals were AMA-M2 positive; the positive rate was 0.82％ (18/2 186) in males and 1.60％ (61/3 822) in females.Eleven subjects with positive AMA-M2 underwent further investigation,8 cases were diagnosed as primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and the remaining 3 were highly suspected as PBC.All 11 individuals were abnormal in biochemical tests of liver function and/or clinical symptoms.