Objective To investigate the effects of lithium chloride pretreatnent on cognitive function after laparotomy in aged rats. Methods Forty-eight male SD rats aged 18 months, weighing 550-700 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 16 each): group Ⅰ control (group C); group Ⅱ operation (group O) and group Ⅲ lithium chloride preconditioning (group L). In group L lithium chloride 2 mmol/kg was injected intraperitoneally (IP) once a day for 7 consecutive days before exploratory laparotomy. In group C and group O equal volume of normal saline was injected instead of lithium chloride. The animals were anesthetized with IP 2 % pentobarbital 0.25 ml/100 g. Morris water-maze (MWM) test was performed at day 4-6 after operation in 8 animals in each group. Another 8 animals were killed at 24 h after operation and their brains were immediately removed for determination of IL-1β content and expression of total glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and p-GSK-3β in hippocampus by ELISA and Western blot respectively. Results Compared with group C the escape latency and swimming distance were both significantly prolonged at day 4-6 after operation in group O, while in group L only swimming distance was prolonged at day 4 after operation. The IL-1β content in hippocampus was significantly higher and the expression of p-GSK-3β was significantly lower in group O than in group C and L. There was no significant difference in total GSK-3β among the 3 groups. Conclusion Lithium chloride pretreatment can improve the cognitive function after laparotomy in aged rats by inhibiting GSK-3β activity and attenuating inflammatory response in hippocampus.

Objective To explore the effect of sodium butyrate(NaB) on phosphorylation/ acetylation of histone H3(ph/acH3) at G?-globin gene and A?-globin gene promoter regions in K562 cells.Methods K562 cells were devided into 2 groups:K562 cells were grown in the presence or absence of 0.5 mmol?L-1NaB for 48 h [K562(NaB) group] and untreated K562 cells group(K562 group).Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was employed to measure the levels of G?-globin mRNA and A?-globin mRNA.The real time PCR-based chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP) was used to detect the levels of ph/acH3 at G?-globin gene and A?-globin gene promoter regions.Results Compared with the K562 group,there was a 1.4-fold(t=-149.022,P=0.000) and 1.2-fold(t=-13.363,P=0.000) increase in G?-globin mRNA and A?-globin mRNA,respectively,in K562(NaB) group.The level of ph/acH3 at G?-globin gene and A?-globin gene promoter region increased by 2.9-fold(t=-12.833,P=0.006) and 3.2-fold(t=-10.484,P=0.000),respectively,in K562(NaB) group,compared with the K562 group.The %Input value of G?-globin and A?-globin promoter fragment was 10.0-fold(P=0.000) and 9.5-fold(P=0.000) higher than that value of Necdin gene promoter fragment in the K562(NaB) group,while the %Input value of G?-globin and A?-globin promoter fragment was 3.2-fold(P=0.000) and 2.7-fold(P=0.000) higher than that value of necdin gene promoter fragment in K562 group.Conclusions NaB improves the phosphorylation and acetylation of H3 at ?-globin gene promoter regions,and this may be one of the mechanisms of expression of ?-globin genes induced by NaB.

Capillary Electrochromatography ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Hexanones ; urine ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure

OBJECTIVE To find out the status about detection and drug resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) and Mycoplasma hominis(Mh) of urogenital tract infection in Shaoxing area of Zhejiang Province.METHODS The detections and drug sensitive tests of Uu and Mh adopting the reagent boxes produced by bioMerieux Company in France were made.RESULTS In 2678 samples of suspicious urogenital tract infection patients,980 samples cultured of mycoplasma were positive,and the positive rate was 36.6%.Among these cases,763 samples(28.5%) were Uu positive;116 samples(4.3%) were Mh positive.In the drug sensitive test,Uu and Mh were most sensitive to PRI,JOS,DOX and TET.To CFLX,OFL,ERY,CM and AM,they had the highest level of drug resistance.CONCLUSIONS The clinical therapy of mycoplasma infection ought to choose the appropriate antibiotics based on the results of the drug sensitive test of the laboratory.

Objectives To identify the related knowledge,attitude and behavior of drug of Xi'an adolescents and provide the evidence for establishment of intervention measures. Methods A conve-nience sampling method was used to select 1224 adolescents from grade one of junior middle school to grade three of senior middle school in 4 middle schools in Xi'an. A set of questionnaires were used to col-lect the data on knowledge, attitude and behavior of drug. All data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5. Results Mean score of drug knowledge was (22.45±9.77) and mean score of attitude to drug was (58.82±6.85). A-mong the investigation objects, 16 people (1.4%) admitted having used drug. Conclusions The adoles-cents don't have sufficient knowledge for the relation between infectious disease and drug abuse, and the difficulty of detoxification. The adolescents had a positive attitude towards drug. The adolescents' behavior of using drug should be attached importance to by school and parents.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of plasma levels of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1(VEGFR-1,also known as sFlt-1) in second-trimester for preeclampsia.Methods One hundred and forty-six pregnant women with normal blood pressure previously were prospectively included in the study.Peripheral venous blood samples were obtained between 20 and 26 gestational weeks.Plasma levels of sFh-1 were measured by an enzyme-linked immunoassay.Results (1) Among 146 previously normotensive women,12 developed preeclampsia (preeclampsia group), 134 remained normal pregnant till the end (normal group).(2) The plasma levels of sFh-1 in preeclampsia group [(4135?699)ng/L] was significantly higher than that in normal group[(1490?1033)ng/L](P

AIM: Test the character of Electrooculogram (EOG) in normal subjects so as to obtain reference values.METHODS: By using Vision Monitor visual evoked response imaging system, the EOG was recorded on 60 normal subjects (73 eyes).RESULTS: EOG under the condition of normal pupil was recorded in normal subjects according to ISCVE standard. The dark trough potential was (701.8±265.1)μV, the light peak potential was (1255.0±447.7)μV, the Arden ratio (light peak /dark trough ratio)was 180%±21%.CONCLUSION: Our study reflected the spatial characteristics of electrooculogram in normal subjects,provided reliable normal reference values for clinical research.

Objective To investigate the role of directly constitutive activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases(p38MAPKs)signaling in ?-globin gene expression and fetal hemoglobin(HbF)induction,and provide direct data for the relationship between phosphorylation of p38 and erythroid differentiation of human K562 erythroleukemia cells.Methods The human K562 erythroleukemia cells were transfected with pCDNA 3.1-MKK3(Glu)and pCDNA 3.1-MKK3(Ala)recombinant plasmids by lipofectamineTM 2000.Then,the stable cell lines overexpressing constitutively active p38 and constitutively inhibitive p38 activation were established by the addition of G418 to select single cell G418-resistant clones and identification with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-RCR)and Western blot assays,named K562-MKK3(Glu)and K562-MKK3(Ala)cells,respectively.Furthermore,the direct effects of constitutively active p38 on the ?-globin gene expression and HbF induction were analyzed by RT-PCR and benzidine staining,respectively.Results The results of RT-PCR and Western blot showed that there were no evident changes in the mRNA and protein levels of p38 for various cell models,but compared with K562,K562-vect,and K562-MKK3(Ala)cells,the phosphorylation of p38 and expression of ?-globin levels in K562-MKK3(Glu)cells were significantly up-regulated.The results of benzidine staining displayed that the mean percentages of positive cells stained by benzidine in K562,K562-vect,K562-MKK3(Ala),K562-MKK3(Glu)cells,and K562-MKK3(Glu)cells treated with SB203580 were(3.2?1.4)%,(3.7?1.2)%,(2.8?0.9)%,(32.6?5.3)%,and(7.8? 2.3)%(q = 7.56 P

1)which represented 340 genes and 171 down-regulated(SLR

Objective To explore the effects of astragalus polysaccharides(APS) on fetal hemoglobin(HbF) synthesis and cell proli-feration in K562 cells.Methods K562 cells were chosen as the cell model and cells treated with Na-butyrate(NaB) were taken as the po-sitive control.Western blot was applied to study the level of HbF expression in K562 cells and Trypan blue dye exclusion test was employed to analyze the influence of APS(150 mg/L,300 mg/L,450 mg/L)on K562 cells proliferation.Results 1.Dosage effect:when compared with untreated K562 cells,the HbF expression level increased to(1.56?0.03),(1.78?0.04) and(1.51?0.32) fold,respectively after 48 h treated with different concentrations of APS(150 mg/L,300 mg/L,450 mg/L,F=310.476 P=0).The best inducing concentration was 300 mg/L(P=0.005).2.Time course: HbF levels raised up gradually and the maximum was(2.88?0.27) fold over baseline(P=0) at 48-60 h in the presence of 300 mg/L APS.Then it went to decline.There was statistical significance of HbF expression between K562 cells treated with 300 mg/L APS or NaB [(2.88?0.27) folds,P=0].3.Effects of APS on K562 cells proliferation:the highest reduction of the cell proliferative was obtained in K562 cells cultured in the presence of 0.5 mmol/L NaB.As detected by Trypan blue exclusion met-hod,growth rate of cells stimulated by APS was affect in a dose dependent manner,and significantly higher than NaB.For example,the inhibition rate at 48 hours was 20.45% for 300 mg/L APS but 79.55% for 0.5 mmol/L NaB(P=0).Conclusion APS has ability to induce HbF synthesis in K562 cells and revealed less cells reduction than that of NaB.