ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5)-ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-P53 signal transduction pathway in rat hippocampal neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) injury.MethodsHippocampal neurons of newborn Wistar rats ( ＜ 48 h) were cultured for 7 days in vitro.The primary cultured neurons were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 wells in each group:control group (group C),OGD (group D),OGD + hemin (HO-1 inducer) group (group D + H ) and OGD + hemin + zinc protoporphyrin ( HO-1 inhibitor) group ( group D + H + T).For OGD experiments,cultures were washed three times in a glucose-free balanced salt solution (BSS).They were then placed in deoxygenated glucose-free medium and sealed under 95％ N2-5％ CO2 in an anaerobic chamber equilibrated to 37°C and 100％ humidity for 45 min.OGD was terminated by replacement of stored medium and by returning the cultures to a standard incubator maintained at 37 ℃ in 95％ air-5％ CO2.The OGD model was established after the neurons were preconditioned with hemin 10 μmol/L for 24 h in group D + H.The OGD model was established after the neurons were preconditioned with hemin 10 μmol/L and zinc protoporphyrin 10 μmol/L for 24 h in group D + H + T.After 24 h of culture,the neuronal viability,apoptosis rate,and expression of HO-1 mRNA and protein,and CDK5,ATM and P53 protein were detected.ResultsCompared with group C,the expression of HO-1 mRNA,and HO-1,CDK5,ATM and P53 protein was up-regulated,the neuronal viability was significantly decreased,and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased in group D (P ＜ 0.01 ).Compared with group D,the expression of HO-1 mRNA and protein was up-regulated,the expression of CDK5,ATM and P53 protein was down-regulated,the neuronal viability was significantly increased,and the apoptosis rate was significanlly decreased in group D + H ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Compared with group D + H,the expression of HO-1 mRNA and protein was down-regulated,the expression of CDK5,ATM and P53 protein was up-regulated,the neuronal viability was significantly decreased,and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased in group D + H + T ( P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionHO-1 can inhibit neuronal apoptosis through blocking CDK5-ATM-P53 signal transduction pathway in rat hippocampal neurons subjected to OGD injury.

Objective To explore the protection of valsartan combined with simvastatin on kidney in early diabetic nephropathy rats. Methods Diabetic nephropathy rats model were induced by streptozocin (STZ) ,the experimental rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control (group C), diabetic nephropathy (group D) ,diabetes treated with valsartan (group X) ,diabetes treated with simvastatin (group Z) ,and diabetes treated with combined valsartan and simvastatin ( group L). Blood glucose (BG), HbA1c, blood cholesterol ( TC), trigalloylglycerol ( TG ), blood ureanitrogen ( BUN ), serum creatinine (SCr) , urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) were measured, and the podocyte ultrastructure was observed by transmission electronic microscopy. Results The levels of BG, HbA1c,TC,TG and UAER in group D increased significantly compared togroup C(BG:[20.3 ±3.2]mmol/L vs [6.1 -±0. 4]mmol/L;HbA1c:[7.18 ±0.47]% vs [3.37 ±0. 15]% ;TC: [2. 69 ±0. 35] mmol/L vs [1.28 ±0. 24] mmol/L;TG: [3.09 ±0. 37] mmol/L vs [1.18 ±0. 25]mmol/L) (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Creatinine clearance rates (Ccr) in group D ( [0. 89 ± 0. 19] ml/min ) decreased significantly compared to group C( [1.27 ±0. 33] ml/min) ,as well as group X,Z and L( Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). UAER in group D was significantly higher than that in group C ( [19. 87 ±3. 85] μg/24 h vs [3. 67 ± 1.01] μg/24 h) (P ＜ 0. 05 ), as well as group X, Z and L ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), and the improvement in group L was particularly significant ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The projections of podocyte in group D severely syncretized, there were slightly improvement in group X, Z and L compared to group D, and the improvement in group L was remarkable. Conclusion The treatment with valsartan, simvastatin and their combination will effectively protect the kidney in early diabetic nephropathy rats,and the effect of using the combination therapy is much better.

Objective To investigate the distribution situation of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes profile in cervical cells among women in Xuzhou area and its clinical significance .Methods 23 kinds of HPV DNA were extracted in cervical cell samples from 8 010 women in Xiuzhou area .The gene‐chips technique of PCR combined with reverse dot blot was adopted to detect the HPV genotypes .Results Among 8010 cervical cell samples ,there were 1 852 HPV infected cases ,the total HPV infection rate was 23 .12% ,the HPV infection rates of single type accounted for 17 .17% and its predominant types were 16 type (4 .35% ) ,followed by 58 type (2 .12% ) and 52 type (1 .82% ) ,The detection rate of multiple HPV infection was 5 .96% ,in which the predominant types were HPV16+58(4 .40% ) ,16+52(2 .94% ) ,11+16(2 .52% ) .Conclusion The single HPV infection of HPV16 ,58 ,52 and the multiple HPV infection of HPV16+58 ,16+52 ,11+16 are the main genotypes of cervical cells among women in Xuzhou area , this gene chip technique is suitable for the cervical cell sample ,its once detection can detect 23 kinds of HPV genotypes with high specificity and high sensitivity ,which has an important significance for the molecular epidemiologic survey study of HPV genotypes distribution among women in our country .

OBJECTIVE To understand the synaptic remodel in inner ear after hearing injury by investigating growth associated protein 43(GAP-43) expression in the inner ear hair cells after exposed Kangmin mice to neural injury noise stimulation to induce permanent threshold shift(PTS) or temporary threshold shift(TTS).METHODS To compare the expressions of GAP-43 of NMDAR signal pathway during neural injury stimulation by immunocytochemistry.RESULTS The sustained GAP-43 increase occurs after 7d and 14d of PTS group,and there is not remarkable difference between them.Compared with normal control,the change is not significant in TTS group.CONCLUSION The increase of GAP-43 in spiral ganglion after 7d trauma reveals the synaptic remodel in inner ear.

OBJECTIVETo study the constituents of Kalimeris indica.

METHODThe constituents were isolated by various chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated by their physicochemical properties and the spectral data analysis.

RESULTEleven compounds were isolated and identified as dammaradienyl acetate(1), friedelin(2), friedelinol(3), beta-amyrin(4), alpha-amyrin(5), lupenyl acetate(6), beta-sitosterol(7), alpha-spinasterol(8), alpha-spinasterone(9), stigmasterol(10), daucosterol(11).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 4-6, 8-11 were isolated from the genus Kalimeris for the first time.

Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints of the chloroform extract fractions of Peucedanum harrysmithii var. subglabrum (PHS) and its phlegm-reducing effect, in order to establish "active component group for reducing phlegm".

METHODHPLC was adopted to determine and analyze HPLC fingerprints of chloroform extract fractions of PHS. Phenol red expectorant experiment was used to observe the phlegm-reducing effect in mice. Mice were administered intragastrically with chloroform extract fractions for 6 days (1.4 g x kg(-1)), with acute bronchitis syrup as the positive control drug (12 mL x kg(-1)). The phenol red secretion in mice was determined by spectrophotometer. Then the grey relational analysis was used to study the spectrum-effect relationship.

RESULTThe phlegm-reducing effect of the chloroform extract fractions of PHS were resulted from the combined effect of all of its chemical components. Its various characteristic peaks represented different chemical components, and the order of their contributions to the phlegm-reducing effect was (number of peaks) 13 > 12 > 16 > 18 > 19 > 6 > 20 > 14 > 1 > 11 > 15 > 10 > 17 > 2 > 5 > 4 > 7 > 3 > 8 > 9, in No. 1, 3, 4, 10, 13 and 16 characteristic peaks were identified as marmesin, psoralen, xanthotoxin, Pd-Ib, pteryxin and peuformosin.

CONCLUSIONThe chloroform extract fractions of PHS show strongly phlegm-reducing effect. There may be certain relationship between their HPLC fingerprint and phlegm-reducing effect.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Ferns ; chemistry ; Mucus ; drug effects

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and curative effect of extracorporeal liver perfusion (ECLP) in treatment of acute liver failure (ALF) in pigs. Methods The experiments were carried out in healthy pigs (weight 20-30 kg) under general anesthesia. All of the pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups. ALF model was established by liver blood supply obstructing and portal-systemic shunting. ALF group (n=5): ALF pigs were killed 8 h after establishing. ALF+ECLP group (n=5): ALF pigs were perfused with ECLP for 4 h and killed 8 h after establishing. Normal liver+ECLP group (n=4): normal pigs were dealt with just as ALF+ECLP group. The data of PT, AST, TNF, blood ammonia were collected in all groups. Pathologic changes in liver and brain were detected. Results The levels of PT, AST, TNF, blood ammonia, RBC and HCT in the ALF+ECLP group were lower than those in the ALF group (P

This study examined the effect of Notch-1 signaling on malignant behaviors of breast cancer cells by regulating breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). BCSCs were enriched by using serum-free medium and knocked out of Notch-1 by using a lentiviral vector. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the Notch-1 expression levels in breast cancer cell lines and BCSCs, and flow cytometry to detect the proportion of BCSCs in BCSC spheres. The BCSC self-renewal, migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity were examined by the tumor microsphere-forming assay and transwell assay and after xenotransplantation. The results showed that the Notch-1 silencing reduced the number of BCSC spheres, the proportion of BCSCs, and the number of cells penetrating through the transwell membrane. It also decreased the size of tumors that were implanted in the nude mice. These results suggest that Notch-1 signaling is intimately linked to the behaviors of BCSCs. Blocking Notch-1 signaling can inhibit the malignant behaviors of BCSCs, which may provide a promising therapeutical approach for breast cancer.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of adjuvant hormonal therapy (AHT) immediately after radical surgery for high- risk organ-confined or locally advanced prostate cancer using the PSA-related biochemical relapse rate within 2 years after surgery.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 62 cases of high-risk organ-confined or locally advanced prostate cancer. The patients were treated by laparoscopic radical prostatectomy or radical retropubic prostatectomy after MRI and ECT systemic bone imaging examination, which revealed no regional lymph node or bone metastasis. Thirty-two of the patients (group A) received AHT orally or subcutaneously from 2 weeks to 1 months after operation, and another 30 (group B) were left untreated. We followed up the patients for 2 years, measuring the serum PSA level every 3 months, performing ECT every 6 months, and recording the adverse reactions, medication dura- tion, and the patients'quality of life.

RESULTSAll the operations were successfully accomplished. The rate of 2-year biochemical relapse-free survival was 78.13% (25/32) in group A and 53.33% (16/30) in group B.

CONCLUSIONAHT immediately after radical surgery can improve the rate of biochemical relapse-free survival of the patients with high-risk organ-confined or locally advanced prostate cancer and check the progression and metastasis of the disease.

Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ; therapeutic use ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; blood ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatectomy ; methods ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: CO₂ leakage along the trocar (chimney effect) has been proposed to be an important factor underlying port-site metastasis after laparoscopic surgery. This study aimed to test this hypothesis by comparing the incidence of port-site metastasis between B-ultrasound-guided and laparoscopically-assisted hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy (HIPPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-two patients with malignant ascites induced by gastrointestinal or ovarian cancer were divided into two groups to receive either B-ultrasound-guided or laparoscopically-assisted HIPPC. Clinical efficacy was assessed from the objective remission rate (ORR), the Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score, and overall survival. The incidence of port-site metastasis was compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Patients in the B-ultrasound (n=32) and laparoscopy (n=30) groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, primary disease type, volume of ascites, and free cancer cell (FCC)-positive ascites. After HIPPC, there were no significant differences between the B-ultrasound and laparoscopy groups in the KPS score change, ORR, and median survival time. The incidence of port-site metastasis after HIPPC was not significantly different between the B-ultrasound (3 of 32, 9.36%) and laparoscopy (3 of 30, 10%) groups, but significantly different among pancreatic, gastric, ovarian, and colorectal cancer (33.33, 15.79, 10.00, and 0.00%, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The chimney effect may not be the key reason for port-site metastasis after laparoscopy. Other factors may play a role, including the local microenvironment at the trocar site and the delivery of viable FCCs (from the tumor or malignant ascites) to the trauma site during laparoscopic surgery.
Ascites ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Karnofsky Performance Status ; Laparoscopy ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Perfusion* ; Surgical Instruments ; Treatment Outcome