Objective To understand the cleanliness of hands and uniforms of health care workers(HCWs)while they were working in a hospital.Methods Specimens of hands and uniforms of HCWs while they were working were collected and detected.Results A total of 342 specimens were collected, 173 were specimens from hands and 169 were from uniforms, the total qualified rate was 78.65%,qualified rates of hands and uniforms were 76.30% and 81.07% respectively.Qualified rates of hands and uniforms of different HCWs were compared respectively, differences were both statistically significant (both P<0.05);qualified rates of hands and uniforms of nurses were both highest (87.93% and 92.86% respectively), followed by doctors (75.86% and 87.72% respectively), while medical auxiliary persons were the lowest(64.91% and 62.50% respectively).Correlation analysis between qualified rates of hands and uniforms of HCWs in general wards showed that the correlation coefficient was 0.930 (P<0.01).Conclusion Cleanliness of hands and uniforms of HCWs needs to be further improved, especially medical auxiliary persons;cleaning frequency and cleanliness standard of HCWs' uniforms needed to be studied further.

Objective: To study the attenuating effect of angiotensin I type 1 receptor antagonist losartan and an-giotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril on aortic atherosclerosis in rabbits. Methods: Thirty-one male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group,high cholesterol diet group,losartan group, captopril group and combined drug administration groupdosartan+captopril). The animals were killed after 16 weeks and the serum total cholesterol ,triglyceride, high and low density cholesterol .atherosclertic ratio,endothelin,NO,plaque area percentage,aortic cholesterol content and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis were determined. Results:The plaque area percentage,aortic cholesterol contents and endothelin levels of 3 drug treatment groups were significantly lower than that of high cholesterol group,NO contents and VSMC apoptosis were significantly higher. Conclusion:Losartan and captopril can attenuate aortic atherosclerosis induced by high cholesterol diet .combined administration of the 2 drugs at low doses are more effective. The mechanism may be related to the protection of endothelial function and the effect on apoptosis of VSMC.

Objective To study bacterial conditions in amniotic cavity of the third trimester and the delivery. Methods Patients underwent cesarean section due to various reasons were randomly enrolled in the study. Ten ml aqua amnii taken from using aspesis were cultured and the bacteria were identified and tested for drug sensitivity. All patients were not treated with antibiotics before and during operation,conventional antibiotics treatnent was used after operation. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on their status: 34 cases of premature rupture of membrane ( PROM ), thirty-four cases of labor without PROM, and 27 cases of pregnancy without PROM. The positive rate, species , distribution and drug sensitivity of bacteria in the 3 groups were analyzed. Results The positive rate was 61.8% (21/34) in PROM ,52. 9% ( 18/34 ) in labor without PROM,11.1% (3/27)in pregnancy without PROM. The positive rates were significantly different among the 3 groups (x2 = 17.29 ,P =0.000). However, there was no significant difference between the labor without PROM group and the pregnancy without PROM group ( x2 = 0.541 , P = 0.462 ). Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common isolated bacteria, following by staphylococcus aureas, streptococcus, colon bacillus, and pseudomonas. There were no significant differences of bacterial species between labor without PROM and pregnancy without PROM( x2 = 11.9,P =0.535 ). The relative higher positive rate in the labor without PROM and PROM indicated that they were important inducement of bacteria infection. There were no significant difference on positive rate and bacteria species distribution between the PROM and labor without PROM group,which suggested that up-bound along vagina to amniotic cavity was the most common route of infection. Sensitive antibiotics should be given to the patients of PROM and labor without PROM targeted at staphylococcus,streptococcus, colon bacillus and monad. Antibiotics such as Cephems, Penicillins and Clindamycin were sensitive to various bacteria and safe to both mother and baby, thus were recommended. Quinupristin, Vancomycin,Furantoin, Fusidic ,Teicoplanin, Amikacin and Meropenem were also sensitive to various bacteria, but due to their side effects and the principle of ladder antibiotics using, they were recommended as second line antibiotics. Conclutions Up-bound along vagina to amniotic cavity is the most common route of infection. For rupture of membrane and labor without PROM patients, antibiotics should be given, and strict aseptic technique,washing cavity and incision, using antibiotics after operation are necessary to prevent infection.

Objective To observe the clinical effect ofJiedu-Huayu granule for the Dengue Fever (DF).Methods The patients with DF were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group. Both groups received the conventional treatment, and the treatment group addedJiedu-Huayu granule. The clinical effects were detected.Results At the baseline, the ALT and AST in the treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=2.830,P=0.014;t=2.109,P=0.044). But after treatment, there was no difference between groups. The ALT in the treatment group showed a gradual change and AST recovery time showed short. Compared with control group, the concentration of sVCAM-1 in the treatment group was higher at baseline and the third day (t=2.780,P=0.018;t=2.130,P=0.460), but the concentration of MCP-1 desceased significantly on the 6th day (t=-2.164,P=0.042).Conclusions Compared with the western medicine, the treatment of western medicine andJiedu-Huayu granule could alleviate liver injure, shorten the recovery time, and reduce the concentration of sVCAM-1 and MCP-1.

Objective To knockout and identify the Antigen 43 (Ag43) in the Escherichia Coli JM109 .Methods Mutation group Ⅱ introns RNA protein complexes (RNP) gene sequence was obtained by Sigma Company′s TargeTron Gene Knockout Sys‐tem and Ag43 gene specific designed PCR primers amplification ,then ,to acquired Ag43 specific recombinant RNP plasmid pACD4K‐Ag4 ,this gene sequence was inserted into the plasmid pACD4K‐C of RNA′s expression .Finally ,pEGFP‐Ag43 was trans‐formed into JM109 and inserted the group Ⅱ intron into the Ag43′s locus by IPTG inducing expression .Results The best insertion locus was between 1 812 and 1 913 .Through the agarose electrophoresis gel ,the RNP gene sequence was consistent with the expec‐ted value (350 bp) .The pEGFP‐Ag43 vector was correctly constructed which was proofed by endonuclease Nhe Ⅰ and Hind ⅡI di‐gestion as predicted products (3 646 and 4 029 bp;7 000 and 550 bp ,respectively ) .The PCR and gene sequence results indicated that the group Ⅱ intron was inserted into the locus between 1 812 and 1 913 in the Ag43 gene .Conclusion Successful knockout of the Ag43 in Escherichia Coli JM109 found basis to further study the Ag43′s function and regard the coli as host bacteria of Ag43 chimeric protein recombinant .

Objective To explore the aesthetic results of medial upper Iip repair for skin and soft tissue defects using local flap.Methods According to the location and the size of upper lip defect,the modified rhomboid flap of 60 ° above the defect was designed to repair the wound in philtrum;the O-L flap along philtral column to vermilion border was designed to cover the wound close to the peak and lateral to philtral column.Results Twenty-one postoperative patients that underwent pigmented nevus removal (12 female,9 male;ages 16-33 years) had defects in philtrum for 10 cases and close to the peak and philtral column for 11 cases.The diameter of the defect ranged from 0.5 cm to 1.0 cm.All flaps survived primarily without any complications and follow-up was for 1 to 18 months with excellent outcomes in all cases.All patients were satisfied with contour and functions.No pigmented nevus recurrence occurred.Conclusions The flap designed according to the aesthetic principle could be used to repair medial upper lip defect of medium-sized,which not only obtains functional reconstruction,but also satisfies aesthetic results,with aesthetic subunits saved and scar concealed.

Objective To investigate the diognostic value of multi-sllce helical CT(MSCT) in spinal tuber-culosis, and making a further understanding of this disease. Methods The MSCT and post-processing films manifes-tations of 23 spinal tuberculosis proved by operation and pathology were reviewed retrospectively. Results MSCT could show the bone destructions location, range, relationships with neighbor tissues, osseous vertebral narrowing and para-vertebral abscess,etc. MPR, CPR, SSD and VR could more completely and stereoscopically show these character-istics of spinal tuberculosis. Conclusion MSCT post-processing techniques could make up for the lack of axial CT scan. It has high value in elevating the diagnosis accuracy of spinal tuberculosis.

Objective To investigate the restrictive factors in the development of foreign medical education. Methods From the years 2011 to 2013, 350 foreign students conducted a questionnaire survey in Chongqing Medical University, and recovered 339 valid questionnaires. Results Only 33.0%(112/339) students thought that the teacher's English was fluent and 70.2% (238/339) needed to add Chinese class. Additionally, 69.6% (236/339) and 63.1% (214/339) students considered theoretical knowledge and practi-cal experience were not enough. 92.3%(313/339) students came from developing countries in Southeast Asia. 86.1%(292/339) foreign students considered that university management was insufficient. Conclusion The survey found the restrictive factors included students' demand for English and Chinese, lack of medical ex-pertise and practice, the problem of student sources and daily management difficulties and so on.

Based on the International Federation of Nursing Anesthetists (IFNA) education and training base, our hospital has built a training base for anesthesia specialized nurses in Nanjing from the following aspects: the application for training base of anesthesia specialized nurses, the qualification and examination of students' and teachers' qualification, the settings of training curriculum, the examination contents and methods, and the evaluation of post-training effect. This article summarizes the construction experience of this base, therefore, providing support and standard for the training of anesthesia specialized nurses.

Objective:To observe the effect of moxibustion on the mRNA and protein expressions of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) in gastric cancer-bearing rats. Methods: A total of 40 healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were adaptively fed for one week. The gastric cancer model was prepared by Walker-256 cancer tissue transplantation. After 7 d, 10 rats were randomly selected to verify the successful modeling, and the remaining 30 rats were divided into a model group, a moxibustion group and an infrared group by the random number table method, with 10 rats in each group. After enrollment, the moxibustion group received suspended moxibustion at Zhongwan (CV 12), Guanyuan (CV 4) and bilateral Zusanli (ST 36), (the first group of acupoints) on the 1st day, and suspended moxibustion at bilateral Pishu (BL 20) and Weishu (BL 21), (the second group of acupoints) on the 2nd day, 20 min each time, once a day. Moxibustion was alternately performed every other day at the two groups of acupoints for 21 d. From the day of enrollment, rats in the infrared group were irradiated with the infrared radiation at the stomach area on the 1st day, and at the T12-T13 interspinous region on the 2nd day, 20 min each time, once a day, and the two locations were alternately irradiated every other day for 21 d. During the treatment, rats in the model group were intervened by grasping and fixation without treatment. At the end of the treatment, blood was collected from the inner eye orbit, and the HSP70 expression in peripheral blood was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rats were sacrificed, the tumor volume and growth inhibition rate were measured. The position and changes of HSP70 in gastric cancer were observed by streptavidin-perosidase (SP); HSP70 protein expression was determined by ELISA; HSP70 mRNA expression in cancer tissues was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Results: In comparison of the model group, the volume growth of the gastric cancer in the moxibustion group was significantly restricted (P＜0.01); the volume growth inhibition rate in the moxibustion group was 37.93%; the HSP70 expression in peripheral blood and the cancer tissues was significantly increased (both P＜0.01); the expression of HSP70 mRNA and HSP70 content in gastric tumor were both obviously increased in the moxibustion group (P＜0.01); and a large amount of HSP70 was released to the outside of cancer cells in the moxibustion group. In comparison of the model group, the volume growth of the gastric cancer in the infrared group was slightly restricted (P＜0.05) with a volume growth inhibition rate of 15.89%; the HSP70 expression in the infrared group was increased significantly in peripheral blood (P＜0.01) and in the gastric cancer tissues (P＜0.05); more HSP70 was released outside of the cancer cells in the infrared group. In comparison of the infrared group, the volume growth of gastric cancer was more restricted in the moxibustion group (P＜0.05), and the HSP70 expression in the gastric cancer tissues was also higher (P＜0.05); more HSP70 was released outside of the cancer cells in the moxibustion group. Conclusion: Moxibustion and infrared treatment inhibit the gastric cancer growth in the gastric cancer-bearing rats, up-regulate the HSP70 expression in gastric cancer tissues, and promote the production and extracellular release of HSP70, and the effect of moxibustion is more obvious.