Signaling pathways such as MAPK and P13K have been confirmed to be important in the mechanism of tumor genesis, development, prevention and treatment. Thyroid hormone (TH) and its receptor (TR) can affect the pathways resulting in inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis, thus they have gradually become the focus of recent research. However, numerous studies showed that TR gene mutation was often observed in a variety of cancers and resulted in the deregulation of TH/TR mediated downstream pathways, and TR gene mutation became an causative agent to activate downstream proto-oncogene. Recent studies showed that TH/TR might play a role in the regulation of β-catenin degradation, the knowledge of which allows us not only to further understand the function of TR gene in the inhibition of tumor development, but also provide a theoretical basis for the continuous activation of downstream proto-oncogene by TR mutation. To study the downstream pathway of TR gene could eventually guide the clinician and provide a new theoretical basis for cancer prevention and molecular target gene therapy.

OBJECTIVETo analyze rationality of internal fixation with original fixation in the second operation for femoral nonunion.

METHODSA retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 19 femoral nonunion patients treated by internal fixation with original fixation in the second operation since January 2009 to July 2014, including 14 males and 5 females with an average age of (43.63 ± 3.95) years old ranging from 18 and 75 years old. The original fixations involved plate fixation in 11 cases and interlocking intramedullary nail in 8 cases (including 3 cases of retrograde interlocking intramedullary nails). There were 13 cases of atrophic nonunion and 6 cases of hypertrophic nonunion in pathological classification. After second operation, the fracture healing time, Harris hip score and range of motion of the knee joint was recorded and compared with preoperative.

RESULTSAfter the second operatioin, all patients were followed up for 6 to 30 months with an average of (18.67 ± 7.59) months. All patients got fracture healing, and the fracture radiological healing time was from 7 to 29 months with an average of (15.78 ± 4.97) months. Harris hip scores were improved from preoperative 62.37 ± 19.48 to postoperative 87.42 ± 8.86. The range of motion of the knee joint was improved from preoperative (52.16 ± 20.10)° to postoperative (96.32 ± 22.10)°.

CONCLUSIONIt has a better clinical healing rate for using original fixation to treat femoral nonunions, and theoretically speaking it was rationality.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Ununited ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE To examine directly the fungal pathogens from nasal sinus under microscope and identify them.METHODS The nasal sinus secretion from 36 cases with fungal infection was directly examined microscopically,cultured,and identified for fungi.RESULTS Direct microscopic examination was positive in 34 cases and from them 24 were with positive cultures: 19 had infection of Aspergillus,3 of Scedosporium spiosperimum,1 of Pseudallescheria boydii,and 1 of Alternaria.CONCLUSIONS Aspergillus are the main pathogens in nasal sinus fungal infection.

objective To investigate the effects of health management on the progress of early diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods A total of 98 patients with early stage DN were randomly assigned to the study group (n =49 ) and the control group (n =49 ).Questionnaire survey was performed,and urinary albumin to creatinine rate (ACR),body weight,fasting glucose,postprandial 2 h glucose,blood pressure,and lipid profiles were measured.The patients of the study group received health and disease management for 3 years; however,those of the control group received no additional intervention other than essential treatment. At 3 years, all the participants completed the questionnaires and above-mentioned measurements.Results In comparison with the control group,ACR of the study group was significantly decreased at 3 years ( P ＜ 0.05 ).In the control group,urinary protein was found in 15 patients and 3participants developed end-stage renal disease.However,neither urinary protein nor end-stage renal disease was found in the study group.Risk factors of DN,including high blood glucose,high blood pressure,and high cholesterol,were significantly decreased in the study group (all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Early effective health management of DN may contribute to decreased risk factors of renal disease and delayed disease progression.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of neoadjuvant combined postoperative therapy on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radical operation. Methods41 postoperative cases were divided into 2 groups at random with 20 cases receiving hepatic artery chemotherapy embolization and biotherapy, and 21 cases receiving supporting treatment only.Results The intrahepatic tumor recurrence rate at 1 year and 2 years in treatment group was 10% (2/20) and 30% (6/20), compared with 43% (9/21) and 62% (13/21) in control group (all P

Objective To investigate the relationship between regular exercise habit and peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak ) early after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEM I).Methods A total of 239 patients who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) early after STEMI in a single exercise laboratory were enrolled.Influencing factors to VO2peak were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 53.6％ patients reported to have regular exercise habits before STEMI.No significant difference between patients with and without exercise habit in VO2peak early after STEMI (P =0.317) were found by t test.Mter adjusted by risk factors including demographic features,clinical characteristics and cardiovascular,etc,regular exercise habit was an independent factor for VO2peak (β =1.703,P =0.015 ).Following age-stratification,the significant difference was found between patients with and without exercise habits in VO2peak only in patients aged between 40-49 years old ( P =0.004 ).Conclusions The relationship between regular exercise habit and VO2peak early after STEMI suggests that exercise tolerance of patients with exercise habit will be better than sedentary patients even after STEMI,in particular to patients aged between 40-49 years old.

Objective To study the reversal effect of adriamycin (ADM) resistance in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADM by realgar (REA) combined with ?-elemene (?-ELE), two types of anticancer drugs. Methods The sensitivity to ADM of MCF-7/ADM cells was studied by MTT assay.The intracellular accumulation of ADM in MCF-7/ADM cells was observed by fluorescent-spectrophotometry. Expressions of P-GP protein and Bcl-2 protein were detected by flow cytometry. Results The combined treatment of REA and ?-ELE could significantly enhance the cytotoxic effect of ADM on MCF-7/ADM cells to 4.2 fold as compared with the treatment of REA or ?-ELE respectively (P

Purpose To investigate the diagnostic value of dual energy CT spectrum curve combined with CT morphology in central lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Materials and Methods Thirty-one PTC patients who accepted dual energy CT double-phase enhanced scan before surgery were analyzed.Central lymph nodes with short diameter ＞ 5 mm were labelled using axial plus 3D positioning.Preoperative labelled lymph nodes were collected and marked during operation.The CT morphology of metastatic lymph nodes was analyzed.The spectrum curve slope (K) difference between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes of arterial-phase and venous-phase primary lesion was compared.The critical K value and the diagnostic efficacy of K value combined with morphology were obtained according to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results A total of 73 central lymph nodes were obtained from 31 patients,among which 51 were metastatic and 22 were non-metastatic.There was no significant difference in K value between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes of arterial phase group (P＞0.05).While,there was a significant difference in K value between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes of venous phase group (P＜0.05).For venous phase,the sensitivity and specificity of the K value in diagnosing central lymph node metastasis were 62.7％ and 59.1％,respectively,and combined with morphology,the sensitivity and specificity reached 76.5％ and 81.8％,respectively.Conclusion The K value of CT spectrum curve is of certain significance in predicting PTC central lymph node metastasis,and the K value combined with CT morphology can improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the reversal effects of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) and cyclosporin A(CsA) on multidrug resistance(MDR) of human erythroleukemia cells with gene transfer K562/MDR and to discuss the possible correlative mechanism.Methods K562/MDR cells in culture medium were treated with TMP(50—6 400 mg?L-1) and CsA(0.5—256 mg?L1) respectively.The growth rates of these cells were measured by MTT assay.Non-cytotoxic doses of TMP and CsA were determined.There were 5 growps in the experiment:G1(TMP+ADM+K562/MDR),G2(CsA+ADM+K562/MDR),G3(TMP+CsA+ADM+K562/MDR),negative control(K562/MDR subsitituted by K562/S),control(drugs subsitituted by 1640 culture medium),the inhibitory effects of adriamycin(ADM) used alone or in combination with TMP or/and CsA on the proliferation of K562/S and K562/MDR cells were observed by resisting fold and reversal folds.The effects of TMP and CsA on ADM accumulation in K562/S and K562/MDR cells were analyzed by fluorospectrophotometry.The protein level of P-glycoprotein(P-gp) was detected by flow cytometry(FCM).Results The non-cytotoxic doses of TMP and CsA were 320 and 2.0 mg?L-1,respectively.The resistance of K562/MDR cells to ADM was 19.2 folds of that of K562/S cells.When TMP and CsA were added along with ADM to the K562/MDR culture,the reversal folds were 5.2 and 9.6.When TMP in combination with CsA was added along with ADM to the K562/MDR culture,the reversal folds were 15.6.When various concentrations ADM were added to the K562/MDR culture,TMP and CsA could increase the intracellular accumulation of ADM.The effect of TMP in combination with CsA was more evident.Compared with control,TMP and CsA could inhibit the overexpression of P-gp protein(P