Objective To investigate the relationship between brucellosis arthritis of the hip and femoral head necrosis.Methods In August 2007 to August 2013,16 diagnosed and hospitalized patients with brucellosis complicated with femoral head necrosis in Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Bureau General Hospital were chosen as the objects of observation,and the patients' hospitalization information was analyzed retrospectively.Patients' medical records were investigated and analyzed.Observations included general condition of the patient,clinical symptoms and signs,imaging,pathology,treatment and curative effect.Results All the 16 patients had definite clinical manifestations of hip arthritis and femoral head necrosis including hip pain,limited mobility,positive 4 test,limp or bedridden,and sick limb muscle atrophy.Imaging examination:X-ray computer tomography (CT) showed cystic change and deformation collapse of femoral head.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) showed low signal on weighted T1 images,high signal on weighted T2 and soft tissue granulation hyperplasia could be seen in the hip joint.Pathological examination:most femoral bone tissue necrosis,dissolved,bone cells disappeared,a few bone cells present,and some fibrous tissue hyperplasia.Patients were treated with antibiotics according to the treatment principles of brucellosis,and the effect was obvious.Conclusions There is a causal relationship between brucellosis arthritis of the hip and femoral head necrosis.Therefore,positive and effective treatment of brucellosis arthritis of the hip in the early stages is crucial to prevent the occurrence of femoral head necrosis.