To build up total,perfect,scientific,feasible teaching quality monitoring system in sub-colleges,and further fully explore efficient monitoring method,technique is an important measure of ensuring teaching quality under the background of expansion of recruitment.This paper discusses total teaching quality monitoring system from guiding ideology,basic content,inplementing regulations of monitoring system.

Objective To investigate the significance of combined detection of serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) in the clinical diagnosis of coronary heart disease.Methods 100 patients with coronary heart disease were selected as the ex-periment group ,and 50 healthy subjects who underwent the health assessment were selected as the control group.The levels of serum Lp-PLA2 ,sdLDL-C ,homocysteine (Hcy) ,triglyceride (TG) ,total cholesterol (TC) ,high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ,low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ,and the de-gree of coronary heart disease (CHD) were measured and the correlation was analyzed.Results Compared with the control group ,the level of Lp-PLA2 ,sdLDL-C and Hcy increased significantly ,and the level of HDL-C was lower ,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05) ;there was a positive correlation between Lp-PLA2 and sdLDL-C ,Hcy ,TG ,TC and LDL-C (r=0.430 ,0.633 ,0.259 ,0.450 ,0.269 ,P=0.026 , 0.013 ,0.028 ,0.032 ,0.023).There was a negative correlation between Lp-PLA2 and HDL-C (r= -0.632 , P=0.01).In 0- ＜20 points ,20- ＜40 points and ≥40 points experiment groups ,the levels of Lp-PLA2 and sdLDL-C were significantly higher than those in the control group ,and the differences were significant (P＜0.05) ;there was also a significant difference in the level of Lp-PLA2 and sdLDL-C between 0- ＜20 points ,20- ＜40 points and ≥40 points experiment groups (P＜0.05).The positive rates of the combined detection of Lp-PLA2 and sdLDL-C in the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) group and the stable angina (SAP) group were significantly higher than those of the single test ,and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=4.246 , 4.974 ,P=0.039 ,0.026).Conclusion Lp-PLA2 and sdLDL-C levels are both higher in patients with coronary heart disease than those in healthy people.The combined detection of Lp-PLA2 and sdLDL-C has a certain clinical significance for assessing the development and prognosis of patients with coronary heart disease.

Objective:To evaluate the application high-resolution 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosis of ligament and tendon injuries of the forefeet.Methods:From September 2014 to August 2020, 40 patients with forefeet injury (40 forefoot) and 20 healthy subjects (40 forefoot) meeting the including and excluding criteria were enrolled into this retrospective study. All subjects underwent MRI T1-weighted image (T1WI) and fat suppression proton density-weighted imaging (PD-FS) scan on coronal planes, sagittal planes and axial planes, respectively. Then the MRI characteristics of tendons in forefoot of healthy subjects and patients with forefoot injuries were compared. In patients the MR features of ligament and tendons injury were compared with the surgical findings or follow-up results.Results:In 20 normal subjects the tendons and ligament of the forefoot showed homogeneous low-signal-intensity on T1WI and PD-FS images. In the 40 patients with forefoot injuries, 22 cases were confirmed by surgical findings and 18 cases were confirmed by follow-up results. There were 8 cases of collateral ligament injuries, including 2 cases with complete tear, 3 cases with partial tear and 3 cases with sprain; 2 cases of extensor tendon with partial tear; 8 cases of flexor tendon injuries, including 3 cases with complete tear, 3 cases with partial tear and 2 cases with sprain; 3 cases of abductor tendon with partial tear; 13 cases of plantar plate injuries; and 6 cases of Lisfranc ligament injuries including 5 cases with complete tear and 1 case with partial tear. The injured ligament and tendons presented thicker and discontinuity in T1WI; and demonstrated heterogeneously increased signal intensity with edema in the surrounding soft tissues in PD-FS. The partially torn ligament and tendons showed discontinuity and thickening; and the completely torn ligament and tendons showed that they were interrupted and retracted, fiber structure disappeared and was filled with liquid, and edema in the surrounding soft tissue.Conclusion:High resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the forefoot can demonstrate the anatomy and features of ligament and tendon injuries in forefoot accurately, which has clinical application value for the early diagnosis and accurate treatment of the injury.

The effects of advanced glycation end products(AGE)on phosphorylation of ezrin/radixin/ moesin(ERM)protein in human umbilical vein endothelial ceils were detected by immunofluorescence cytochemistry and its mechanism was explored.AGE stimulated the phosphorylation of ERM protein in dose-and time-dependent manners(all P<0.05),which was involved in AGE receptor,Rho kinase,and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.

With in-depth studies on the etiology and pathogenesis, pathological viscera and bowels, and rule of disease progression of primary liver cancer in recent years, some clinical and experimental results have been achieved for the treatment of primary liver cancer with traditional Chinese medicine, such as treatment based on syndrome differentiation and disease differentiation, compound prescriptions and monomers of Chinese herbs, oral administration of drugs/acupuncture and moxibustion/external application, and prevention before disease onset and prevention of recurrence, which reflects the rich methodological connotations of traditional Chinese medicine and lays a foundation for constructing a new diagnostic and therapeutic mode for liver cancer based on integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy.

Parkinson disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with motor and non-motor symptoms that seriously affect the quality of life and social function of patients. The current non-invasive techniques in PD brain function studies mainly include functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography, which made it difficult to assess brain function under motor state or magnetoelectric treatment. As an emerging functional neuroimaging technique, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can monitor the real movement-related cortical responses of PD patients in real time, providing a safe and non-invasive method with high ecological validity for direct monitoring of brain activity. This article presented a review of recent advances in the application of fNIRS technology in PD research, intending to provide new ideas for functional neuroimaging studies in PD. The results suggested that PD gait and balance deficits were closely associated with abnormal activation of the cerebral cortex, particularly the prefrontal cortex, involving a compensatory strategy of cortical cognitive resources for basal ganglia dysfunction. Drugs, deep brain stimulation, and other interventions could be applied to fNIRS techniques to evaluate neurorehabilitation effects and reveal the neural basis of intervention effects. This area of research is currently in its infancy, but the evidence provided supports for the translation of fNIRS into clinical practice. Future research should develop multimodal imaging techniques and in-depth studies of broad areas of the cerebral cortex to obtain more valuable findings for clinical practice.

Objective:To study the relationship between distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) effusion and the integrity of triangular fibrcarotilage (TFC) in asymptomatic young adults.Methods:Thirty two asymptomatic young adults, 22 males and 10 females with a mean age of 25 year(20-30) were recruited in the study between September 2014 and October 2019. All subjects had no wrist pain, no wrist deformity or wrist mass, and had no history of wrist trauma or surgery. The DRUJ effusion was definedasfluid-like high signal intensityon fatsuppression proton density-weighted MRI.The presence of distal radioulnar joint effusion, the shape of the effusion, and the presence of triangular fibrocartilage abnormalities were documented.Results:Among 32 subjects, 25(78.1%, 15 males and 10 females) presented with distal radioulnar joint effusion on wrist MR images, including linear/tubular in 21 cases(84.0%) and saccular in 4 cases(16.0%).Twenty cases (62.5%) had distal radioulnar joint effusion while the TFC was intact, among whom, the effusion was confined to the proximal side of distal radioulnar jointin 17 cases, and reached the lower surface of TFC in 3 cases. In 5 cases (15.6%) with TFC tear, the effusion reached the lower surface of TFC in 4 cases. There were neutral, positive and negative variations of the ulna in 23, 6 and 3 cases, respectively, among whomthe distal radioulnar effusion was presented in 17, 5, 3 cases, and TFC tear in 1, 4 and 0 cases, respectively.The presence of distal radioulnar effusion was not significantly correlated with genders( P=0.069) or types of ulna variance( P=0.702). Conclusion:The distal radioulnar joint effusion maybe resent in asymptomatic young adults, and it maybe complicated with TFC tear.

Objective:To explore the anatomy and injuries features of the thumb extensor and flexor mechanism with MRI.Methods:Ten healthy subjects without thumb injury and 20 patients with thumb extensor or flexor mechanism injuries were recruited in the study between September 2013 and September 2021. All subjects underwent MRI examination, the MRI features of thumb extensor or flexor mechanism in healthy subjects and patients were analyzed. The imaging findings were compared with the surgical results and confirmed by followed up in patients.Results:The healthy subjects showed homogeneous low-signal-intensity on T1-weighted and proton-fat saturation sequence(PD FS) images. Twenty patients with thumb extensor or flexor mechanism injures(including 8 cases of extensor pollicislongusinjury,1 case of extensor pollicisbrevis injury, 4 cases of flexor pollicislongus injury, 2 cases offlexor pollicis brevis injury and 5casesofpulley injury) demonstrated poor definition in T1WI, and heterogeneously increased signal intensity in PD-FS. Depending on the degree of injury, the fibers may be partially or completely discontinuity of the involved tendons. There was edema in the soft tissues surrounding the injured sites.Conclusion:MRI is an accurate method for evaluation of the anatomy and pathological conditions of the thumb extensor and flexor mechanism.

Objective To explore the MRI characteristics of anatomy and injuries of the tendons and ligaments in the midfoot.Methods Twenty healthy volunteers and 46 patients with midfoot trauma were selected for retrospective analysis.All subjects underwent examination on MR T1WI and proton density-fat suppression(PD FS)scans on three planes,respectively.Then the MRI features of tendon and ligaments injury were compared.Results The tendons and ligaments of 20 healthy volunteers(40 lateral feet)showed homogeneous low signal intensity with varing thickness.The anterior tibialis tendons showed a thin linear shape,and the posterior tibialis tendons showed a slightly thick band with uniform low signal intensity,and the calcaneonavicular ligament showed thin linelike low signal in different directions.In the 46 patients with midfoot injuries,there were 16 cases of anterior tibialis tendons injuries,18 cases of posterior tibialis tendons injuries,and 12 cases of calcaneonavicular ligament injuries.According to the MRI findings,the degree of injuries of tendons and ligaments was divided into injury,partial tear,and complete rupture.Conclusion MRI can clearly show the anatomy and injury features of ligaments and tendons in midfoot,which is of important value for the early diagnosis and accurate treatment of the ligaments and tendons injuries.

Objective:To explore the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)features of the normal anatomy and injuries of ligaments in the elbow joint.Methods:Thirty-eight healthy volunteers (38 sides) and 82 patients with elbow joint injuries were recruited in the Radiology Department of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from February 2019 to February 2022 and the MRI findings were analyzed. The healthy subjects had no history of trauma, elbow joint ligament injury or pain, and the elbow joint function was normal. Among the 82 patients with elbow joint injuries, 8 cases were confirmed by operation and 74 were confirmed by follow-up. The MRI characteristics of normal anatomy and injuries of the medial collateral ligament and lateral collateral ligament complex of the elbow were compared and analyzed by blind method.Results:The medial collateral ligament and lateral collateral ligament complex in 38 healthy volunteers showed as thin strip low signal on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and fat suppression proton density-weighted imaging (PD-FS), and the annular ligament showed as annular linear low signal surrounding the radial head. Among the 82 patients with elbow injuries, in the medial side, there were 6 cases with medial collateral ligament injuries alone, 2 with common flexor tendon injuries alone, and 4 with medial collateral ligament and common flexor tendon injuries; while in the lateral side, there were 9 cases with the lateral collateral ligament complex injuries alone, 21 with common extensor tendon injuries alone, and 31 with the lateral collateral ligament complex and common extensor tendon injuries. In addition, there were 9 cases of medial collateral ligament coupled with lateral collateral ligament complex injuries. Among the 9 cases of combined ligament injuries (5 cases with injuries of the common flexor or extensor tendon), 5 cases were complete tears and 4 cases were partial tears. Among the 10 cases of medial collateral ligament injuries, 9 patients were strain and one was complete tear. Among the 40 cases of lateral collateral ligament complex injuries, 29 patients were strain, 10 were partial tears and one was complete tear. The strained ligament showed as thickened and blurred on T1WI, and the fiber was still continuous; while on PD-FS, the injured ligaments demonstrated as heterogeneously increased signal intensity. Partial tear showed as fiber thickening and partial discontinuity. A complete tear showed that the fiber was discontinuous and retracted with surrounding soft tissue edema.Conclusion:MRI is an accurate method for evaluation of the anatomy and pathological conditions of the medial collateral ligament and lateral collateral ligament complex of the elbow joint, and has important application value in the diagnosis and treatment of elbow ligament injury.