ObjectiveTo determine the death level and change trend of malignant tumors among residents in Yuyao， and to provide support for accurate prevention and control of malignant tumors. MethodsWe collected the death monitoring data of Yuyao registered residents from 2014 to 2021， and calculated the indicators， including crude mortality rate （CMR）， standardized mortality rate （SMR）， potential years of life lost （PYLL）， average years of life lost （AYLL）， and PYLL rate （PYLLR）. We also calculated the average annual change percentage （AAPC） using Joinpoint regression model. ResultsThere were 13 754 deaths from malignant tumors in Yuyao from 2014 to 2021， accounting for 26.54% of the total deaths in the same period. The average annual mortality rate was 205.63/10⁵， and the standardized mortality rate was 115.62/10⁵. The SMR showed a downward trend in 8 years （AAPC=-4.76%， t=-2.296， P=0.061）. The average annual mortality of malignant tumors was 274.15/10⁵， and the standardized mortality was 149.83/10⁵. The average annual mortality of female malignant tumors was 139.03/10⁵， the standardized mortality was 81.01/10⁵. Male mortality was higher than the female mortality （χ²=1 487.389， P<0.001）.The mortality rate of malignant tumors increased with age （AAPC=54.94%，t=27.678，P<0.001）. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in different age groups showed a downward trend in 8 years （AAPC=-5.74% for 0- years old group， -8.49% for 15- years old group， -6.02% for 45- years old group， and -3.49% for ≥65 years old group）. The top five causes of death from malignant tumors in residents were lung cancer， gastric cancer， liver cancer， esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer， accounting for 68.15% of all deaths from malignant tumors. Lung cancer ranked first among the causes of death from male and female malignant tumors. PYLL caused by malignant tumor death was 96 585.50 person years， AYLL was 7.02 years per person ， and PYLLR was 16.42‰. ConclusionThe mortality rate of malignant tumors among registered residents in Yuyao is on the decline， but it is still the primary death cause threatening the residents. Lung cancer is the malignant tumor that causes the greatest loss of life. It is urgent to build a comprehensive intervention system for malignant tumors that focuses on men， middle-aged and elderly people， advocate a healthy lifestyle， and combine early screening and reasonable treatment to block disease progress.

African swine fever(ASF)is a highly contagious and pathogenic disease affecting both domestic and wild pigs,which is caused by African swine fever virus(ASFV).In European epidem-ics,low-virulence strains of ASFV,which do not have hemadsorbing properties,have been identi-fied.Following the identification of highly virulent genotype Ⅱ ASFV strains in China in 2018,subsequently,low-virulence strains of genotype Ⅱ and genotype Ⅰ emerged.Recombination be-tween genotypes Ⅰ and Ⅱ has also led to the occurrence of high-virulence strains.This indicates a complex and diverse genetic evolution of ASFV during the epidemiological transmission,which po-ses significant challenges for vaccine development and disease surveillance.Here,we provide an o-verview of the novel epidemiological characteristics of ASFV,with a focus on genetic variations and pathogenic differences during the outbreaks of ASF.We also explore how ASFV genetic varia-tions impact immune escape and pathogenicity of the virus,and the challenges they pose for vac-cine development,disease diagnosis,and surveillance.The aim of this review is to enhance our un-derstanding of the genetic evolution and mutation mechanisms of ASFV,providing a theoretical basis for the development of vaccines and research on diagnostic technologies.