Functional dyspepsia is a common disease in clinical service.Its etiology and pathogenesis are related to a variety of factors,and among them,gastric motility and gastrointestinal motility dysfunction are major causes.At present,diagnosis of functional dyspepsia depends maindy on the complaint of patients and no gastric motility detection method or means are effective enough to complete the diagnosis objectively.The electrical bioimpedance technique extracts information of gastric electrical activity and mechanical movement base on the recngnition of electricity-mechanism compound system and studies complicated procedure of gastric electrical activity,mechanical contraction and gastric peristalsis.The electrical bio-impedance technique has shown a promising clinical application and development prospects.

Organ transplantation is the first effective treatment for end-stage organ failure. However, early acute rejection after organ transplantation is often an important factor leading to transplantation failure. In order to reduce the incidence of rejection after organ transplantation, it is often necessary to use potent immunosuppressants to induce the immune system of recipients before or during transplantation. As a common method of covering immunosuppressive therapy in the early stage of organ transplantation, antibody immunoinducers can significantly reduce the occurrence of early acute rejection after organ transplantation, and delay or reduce the application of calcineurin inhibitor drugs, which is conducive to protecting renal function, promoting graft function recovery and long-term survival of recipients. This article reviews the application of antibody inducers in solid organ transplantation.

BACKGROUND:Bioimpedance method can be used to extract physiology and pathology information relative to the gastricmotility states,to investigate the courses of contraction,peristalsis,transmission and emptying of the stomach,to measure andevaluate gastric motility function.However,early studies mainly focused on the emptying of the stomach,and few studies onevaluation of gastric motility by extracting gastric motility information.OBJECTIVE:To understand the gastric motility from electricity-mechanism composite concept and to establish a noninvasive,convenience measurement method of gastric motility impedance.METHODS:Based on the characters of gastric motility impedance signal,a measurement method of impedance gastric motility isintroduced.Some foundation experiments about the gastric emptying measurement,the gastric motility compare between fastingand repast,the gastric motility comparison of healthy volunteers during different periods and some medicine effects on gastricmotility have carried out.The gastric motility measurement of the patients with functional dyspepsia and gastric motility evaluationfor the patients with erosive gastritis had been reported.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Using electrical bioimpedance method,according to the electrical property of the stomach tissueor the food in stomach and the change rules of the property,the physiology and pathology information relative to the gastricmotility states can be extracted,the courses of contraction,peristalsis,transmission and emptying of the stomach can beinvestigated and noninvasive measure and evaluation of gastric motility function can be realized.

Objective In order to investigate the comlex course of electricity and mechanism of erosive gastritis(EG) and its relative factors,and to extract gastric motility feature indexes.Methods 30 volunteers of erosive gastritis were selected.The signal processing device was designed by Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications.By the means of spectrum analysis technic,the signals could be classified according to the dominant power and dominant frequency.Some indexes such as frequency of EGG and IGM,signal power spectrum and dynamic spectrum,the rates of rhythm and power for the normal EGG and IGM and so on could also be calculated.Results The power ratio in 2~4 cpm was 59.2?4.4,the frequency ratio was 70.4?25.5,the frequency instability coefficient was 0.182?0.059,and the power instability coefficient was 1.576?0.481.The parameters changed signifcantly between health adult and patient(P0.05).Conclusion The results of the experiments show that the method based on the synchronous measurement of EGG and IGM can provide a non-invasive way to investigate and evaluate erosive gastritis corresponding to gastrointestinal physiology and pathology conditions.

Objective To design a wireless transmission solution of multi-parameter vital signs signal which can be applied in psychological status assessment.Methods C8051F350 SOC was used to define data frame structure,on application level,including channel number,control words,data and so on,which put all nodes data into the upper computer cache area by channel in an orderly way.A transfer rate of five seconds on a grid,each grid at least 48 groups of data was chosen in buffer,which could not only match the dynamic PC image display,but also to achieve the stability of the channel signal acquisition and orderly transfer.Results After operating test,with the communication distance within 10～15 m,the dynamical display of the upper computer showed a smooth curve data,which met the system design requirement.After optimization of the data frame,the transmission power could be reduced to 1/12 of that of normal mode.The whole system with three advantages of small size,low power and easy to carry.Conclusion Multi-parameter wireless acquisition system described in this paper eliminates the data line connected to the subjects,which does not affect their normal activities and is conducive to the real response of subjects' mental state,and provides a reliable means of detection for psychological assessment.

Objective A surface feedback-stimulation gastric-pacing device was designed to extract gastric surface information,determine the status of gastric and surface stimulation.Methods The characteristic parameters of gastric electrical formed by processing signal and extracting parameter.By that,the state of stomach could be confirmed,and stimulus signal of stomach pace-making in different frequency and intensity could be decided as needed.During the processes of the stimulation,the variations of gastric electrical parameters can be analyzed in real-time and the stimulation parameters could be modified to achieve the self-feedback mode.Results Self-feedback model in different gastric motility analog environment could be realized.Conclusion The preliminary validation of experimental results proved the effectiveness of self-feedback of gastric pacing devices and its application prospects in some areas.

Objective To evaluate multi-slice three-dimensional CT angiography (MS 3D-CTA) for the follow-up of intracranial aneurysm clipping.Methods MS 3D-CTA of 16 patients with intracranial aneurysm clipping were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were scanned on a 16-slice spiral CT(GE Lightspeed pro).Volume rendering(VR),thin maximum intensity projection(thin MIP) and multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) were employed in image postprocessing in all cases.Results There were 17 clips in the 16 patients with aneurysm clipping.Six clips were located at the posterior communicating artery,5 at the anterior communicating artery,4 at the middle cerebral artery,and the remaining 2 clips were located at the pericallosal artery in 1 patient.There were no abnormalities found in the aneurysm clipping region in 7 cases by MS 3D-CTA.There were residual aneurysm in 2 cases,parent artery stenosis in 4 cases,and artery spasm in 3 cases.There was no parent artery occlusion and clip displacement in all cases.VR showed excellent 3D spacial relations between the clip and parent artery in 12 cases,and showed good relations in 3 cases.The 1 case with 2 clips in the pericallosal artery showed heavy beam-hardening artifacts.The size and shape of aneurysm clips were clearly depicted by MPR and thin MIP,while 3D spacial relation of aneurysm clip and parent artery were poorly showed.Conclusion MS 3D-CTA is a safe and efficient method for the follow-up of intracranialaneurysm clipping.Combined VR with MPR or thin MIP can well reveal postoperative changes after aneurysm clipping.

Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer is a special subtype between resectable and unresectable pancreatic cancer. Although the tumor is technically suitable for resection, there is increased risk of positive margin after surgery. At present, there is no optimal diagnostical criteria and treatment options for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. With the popularization of the concept of multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment, neoadjuvant therapy has been widely used in borderline resectable pancreatic cancer, and received good outcomes in some centers. However, for patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer who are not sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, long time of neoadjuvant therapy may delay the best time for surgery. This article summarized the definition, classification criteria and the latest diagnosis and treatment progress of borderline resectable pancreatic cancer, and discussed the comprehensive treatment mode suitable for this kind of patients combined with the clinical experience of our center.

Objective:To analyze the value and significance of surgical operation in the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma with portal venous system invasion.Methods:The clinical data of 66 patients of pancreatic carcinoma with portal venous system invasion admitted in Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2011 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Vascular resection and reconstruction was used on all patients who underwent radical resection for pancreatic carcinoma (portal vein system invasion group). The operation procedure was made according to the location of the pancreatic carcinoma, and the vascular reconstruction procedure was made according to the type and location of portal venous system invasion. The intraoperative and perioperative situation of the patients were analyzed. Then 129 patients of pancreatic carcinoma without portal venous system invasion in the same period were selected as the control group, and the long-term prognosis between the two groups was compared.Results:The operation was successfully in 66 patients. According to the location of the pancreatic carcinoma, 55 patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, 8 patients underwent total pancreatoduodenectomy and 3 patients underwent distal pancreatectomy. According to the type and location of portal venous system invasion, 43 patients underwent allogeneic vascular replacement, 16 patients underwent segmental resection with end-to-end anastomosis, and 7 patients underwent wedge resection with primary closure. There was no perioperative death in this group. The incidence of postoperative complications was 28.8%(19/66), and the incidence of biochemical fistula was 9.1%(6/66), intraperitoneal infection was 7.6%(5/66), intraperitoneal hemorrhage was 4.5%(3/66), delayed gastric emptying was 4.5%(3/66), pancreatic fistula of Grade C was 1.5%(1/66) and biliary fistula was 1.5%(1/66). All the patients were discharged successfully, and the postoperative hospital stay was (20.8±9.7) days. 65 patients were followed up, and the follow-up rate was 98.5%. The median survival time of portal venous system invasion group and control group was 13 months and 22 months, respectively. The overall 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rates of portal venous system invasion group and control group were 53.3%, 30.4%, 23.4% and 73.1%, 45.8% and 40.1%, respectively ( P=0.006). Conclusions:Prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma patients with portal venous system invasion was poor, but it was safe and feasible to perform surgery for such patients. During the operation, different ways of venous reconstruction can be used according to the specific situation of venous invasion.

Objective:To evaluate the prognosis and related risk factors in patients who underwent surgical resection for pancreatic cancer with portal vein invasion.Methods:The clinical data of 66 patients with pancreatic cancer with portal vein invasion who underwent pancreatic combined with vascular resection and reconstruction at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University between January 2011 and December 2018 were retrospectively studied. There were 30 males and 36 females. Their age ranged from 35 years to 81 years, with a mean of 61.5 years. Post-operative survival outcomes were evaluated on follow-up, and the related risk factors for prognosis were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to construct survival curves, and the survival rates were compared by the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze prognostic factors.Results:All 66 patients successfully underwent the operations. There was no perioperative death. The postoperative complication rate was 28.8% (19/66). Sixty-five patients were followed up (follow-up rate 98.5%, 65/66). The overall 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 53.3%, 30.4%, 23.4%, respectively, with a median survival of 13 months. Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative CA19-9 >400 U/ml ( RR=1.871, 95% CI: 1.123-3.117) and depth of venous invasion ( RR=1.713, 95% CI: 1.072-2.736) were independent risk factors of prognosis. The higher the preoperative CA19-9, and the deeper the venous invasion, the worse was the prognosis. Conclusion:Long-term prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma patients with portal vein invasion was poor. Preoperative CA19-9 >400 U/ml and depth of vascular invasion were the main risk factors of prognosis for patients with pancreatic carcinoma and portal vein invasion after surgical resection.