OBJECTIVE:To optimize the factors of preparing pheophrobide from silkworm excrement and raise the yield of pheophrobide.METHODS:Based on the extraction rate of chlorophyll,acetone method was compared with alcohol method and the preparing factors of acetone method was optimized by orthogonal design.RESULTS:The best conditions for pheophrobide preparation included grinding silkworm excrement into powder with particle size all below 250μ m,softening the powder more then 5h with water 1/10 the volume of powder,extracting the powder with acetone three times the volume of powder at 70℃ for two times 60min each,regulating pH of the liquid to 2.5 with HCl solution.CONCLUSION:The water and acetone volume was more important than other factors,the yield of pheophrobide was raised 3.6 times after optimization

OBJECTIVE:To compared the efficacy and safety of doxofylline and aminophylline in the treatment of children with capillary bronchitis. METHODS:Totally 120 children with capillary bronchitis were randomly divided into observation group and control group. All children were given routine treatment,including oxygen inhalation,sputum suction and infusion supporting. Based on it,the observation group was treated by doxofylline 4 mg/kg adding into 15% glucose injection 50 ml by infusion,qd;control group was treated by aminophylline 4 mg/kg adding into 15% glucose injection 50 ml by infusion,bid. The course was 7 d. The capillary bronchitis severity scores,remission time of clinical symptoms,hospitalization time,utilization rate of glucocorticoid and the incidence of adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,with significant difference(P<0.05). After 48 h and 72 h,the capillary bronchitis severity scores were significantly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group after 72 h,with significant differences(P<0.05). The cough disappeared time and hospitalization time in observation group were significantly shorter than control group,and the utilization rate of glucocorticoid and the incidence of adverse reactions were significantly lower than control group,with signifi-cant differences(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on the routine treatment,doxofylline has better efficacy and safety than amino-phylline in the treatment of children with capillary bronchitis.

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of amoxicillin/sulbactam in the treatment of bacterial infections METHODS:Fifty-six patients were divided into two groups:amoxicillin/sulbactam group(30 patients) and ampicillin/sulbactam group(26 patients) The test and control groups received amoxicillin/sulbactam and ampicillin/sulbactam 3g,iv,q8h for (8?2)d,respectively RESULTS:The overall effective rates of amoxicillin/sulbactam and ampicillin/sulbactam were 93% and 73%,the bacterial clearance rates were 92% and 83% and the ADRs were 6% and 11%,respectively CONCLUSION:Amoxicillin/sulbactam is a safe and potent antibacterial agent in the treatment of the bacterial infections

OBJECTIVE:To develop a RP-HPLC method for determining the concentration of chlorhexidine(Ⅰ) in mouse serum METHODS:Ⅰ and the internal standard,diazepam,were extracted to ethyl acetate with sodium laurysulfonate as ion-pair Chromatographic separation was achieved on ?-Bondapak C18 column(3 9mm?300mm,10?m)equilibrated with 0 02mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution (pH=3)∶methanol(44∶56,V/V),with UV detection at 257nm RESULTS:The calibrotion curve of Ⅰ was linear in the range of 0 5～10?g/ml,r=0 9 997 The avarage recovery was 104 67%(n=6) The within-day and between-day RSDs in serum concentrations of 1?4?8?g/ml were 1 5%?0 37%?0 26% and 2 45%?0 46%?1 27% respectively The minimum detectable concentration was 0 4?g/ml CONCLUSION:The developed method was sensitive,accurate and suitable for the determination of Ⅰ in mouse serum

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the anti-adherence effect and its mechanism of Xingnaojing(XNJ)injec?tion.METHODS:In mixed culture of rabbit’s PMN and brain microvascular endothelial cell(BMVEC),the effects of XNJ on LPS-induced PMN-BMVEC adhesion and the changes of PAF and NO levels were observed.RESULTS:XNJ could obviously decrease the PMN-BMVEC adhesion rate and the levels of NO and PAF in culture medium.CONCLUSION:XNJ can inhibit adhesion of PMN to BMVEC and release of some inflammatory media.The decrease of some inflammatory media may related to the reduction of adhesion.

Objective To prepare gliclazide (GZ) hydroxypropyl ? cyclodextrin (HP ? CD) inclusion complexes in order to enhance its aqueous solubility. Methods Inclusion complexes, prepared using 3 different methods of spray drying, freeze drying, and grinding, were identified by phase solubility analysis, infrared spectrophotometry, thermal analysis, and determination of the limited ammonium concentration. Results The HP ? CD inclusion complexes could be prepared by using the 3 different methods. The ratio of host/guest molecules was 1∶1. Ammonium residues were detected in inclusion complexes prepared by the freeze dried method. Conclusion The inclusion complexes can be prepared by the spray drying and grinding methods. The solubility of gliclazide can be significantly increased in the inclusion complexes.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Bikemin capsule to control the quality METHODS:TLC method was used for the identification of Ephedra sinica and the detection of limitation of aconitine in Bikemin capsule Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in the capsule were determined by HPLC on C18 column with the detection wavelength at 215nm RESULTS:The standard curves of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine were linear in the ranges of 0 02～0 10mg/ml (r=0 9 993) and 0 01～0 05mg/ml(r=0 9 996)respectively The average recoveries were (101 4?1 78)% for ephedrine and (98 08?1 81)% for pseudoephedrine CONCLUSION:The identification method is specific and the determination method is sensitive The quality standard is suitable for control of quality of Bikemin capsule

0.05).Conclusion The rat corneal neovascularization induced by alkali cauterization can be significantly inhibited by local application of 0.025%,0.1% Nordy eye drops that have no toxicity and adverse effect.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of metronidazole and chloram. phcnicol in comedo cream. METHODS: The method included a Diamonsil C18 column (250mm ? 4.6mm, 5?m) and methanol water(50 : 50,v/v)as the mobile phase and an ultraviolet detecting wavelength of 280nm .RESULTS:The calibralion curve was linear in a concentration range of ( 10 - 250)?g/ml of both metronidazole and chloramphenicol (r = 0.9 998) .The average recoveries of metronidazole and chloramphenicol were 100.53% , 100.53% and RSD were 0.79% , 0.56% respectively .CONCLUSION:The method for the determination of metronidazole and chloramphenicol was rapid and convenient. It can be used for the quality control of metronidazole and chloramphenicol in cream.

Objective To investigate the effect of early enteral nutrition combined with probiotics on the nutritional status of patients with severe head injury. Methods Thirty-five patients with severe head injury were randomized into early enteral nutrition group ( control group, n = 18 ) and early enteral nutrition combined with probiotics group (observational group, n = 17). All the patients received enteral nutrition via nasogastric tube within 24-48 hours following admission. Hemoglobin, lymphocyte count,plasma concentrations of total protein, albumin, prealbumin, cholinesterase, and fasting blood glucose were determined before enteral nutrition and at days 8, 15, 21 after enteral nutrition. Arm circumference (AC), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) and ann muscle circumference ( AMC ) were measured at the same time points. Gastrointestinal reactions as well as the time to first defecation were recorded. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was assessed. Results There was no difference in terms of hemoglobin, lymphocyte count, plasma concentrations of total protein, prealbumin, and GCS score at each time point between the two groups ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). At day 8 after enteral nutrition, the patients in the observational group exhibited significantly lower level of fasting blood glucose than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05 ). At day 15,the concentration of plasma cholinesterase in the observational group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). At day 21, the observational group showed a tendency in increase of plasma albumin level in comparison with the control group( P = 0. 054), and the decrease of AC and AMC was obviously lower than that in the control group ( P ＜0. 05 ) compared with pre-enteral nutrition. The observational group showed less gastro-oesophageal reflux and constipation as well as earlier time to first defecation compared with the control group ( P ＜ 0. 05,0. 01 ). Conclusion Compared with the ordinary enteral nutrition, the enteral nutrition combined with probiotics can attenuate metabolic disorders and improve the nutritional status of the patients with severe head injury.