ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation of the serum levels of adiponectin， omentin， and visfatin with the severity of acute pancreatitis （AP）. MethodsBlood samples were collected from 35 healthy individuals in the control group and 70 patients with AP who were admitted to Chenggong Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from March 2022 to October 2023， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the serum levels of adiponectin， omentin， and visfatin in each group within 24 hours after admission. The analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous between groups， and the LSD-t test was used for further comparison between two groups； the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between indicators， and the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to investigate the value of the three indicators in predicting severe acute pancreatitis （SAP）. ResultsCompared with the control group， the AP group had significantly higher serum levels of omentin and visfatin （t=5.51 and 9.41， both P<0.01）， and the level of visfatin gradually increased with the aggravation of the disease （F=43.32， P<0.01）， while there was no significant change in omentin with the aggravation of the disease （F=0.47， P>0.05）. The AP group had a significantly lower level of adiponectin than the control group （t=-14.47， P <0.01）， and the level of adiponectin gradually decreased with the aggravation of the disease （F=35.61， P<0.01）. The serum level of visfatin was positively correlated with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II （APACHE-II） score （r=0.547， P<0.01）， and the level of adiponectin was negatively correlated with APACHE-II score （r=-0.520， P<0.01）， while there was no significant correlation between omentin APACHE-II score （r=0.007， P>0.05）. The three indicators had an area under the ROC curve （AUC） of 0.893， 0.570， and 0.829， respectively， in predicting SAP， and combined measurement of adiponectin and visfatin with an AUC of >0.7 showed an AUC of 0.953 in predicting SAP， with a sensitivity of 0.900 and a specificity of 0.933. ConclusionThe serum levels of adiponectin and visfatin are correlated with the severity of AP and have an important clinical significance in predicting SAP， and combined measurement of the two indicators has a higher value， while further studies are needed to investigate the correlation of omentin level with the severity of AP.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of short-term ketogenic diet on the low temperature tolerance of mice and the involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). C57BL/6J mice were divided into two groups: normal diet (WT+ND) group and ketogenic diet (WT+KD) group. After being fed with normal or ketogenic diet at room temperature for 2 d, the mice were exposed to 4 °C low temperature for 12 h. The changes in core temperature, blood glucose, blood pressure of mice under low temperature condition were detected, and the protein expression levels of PPARα and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) were detected by Western blot. PPARα knockout mice were divided into normal diet (PPARα^-/-+ND) group and ketogenic diet (PPARα^-/-+KD) group. After being fed with the normal or ketogenic diet at room temperature for 2 d, the mice were exposed to 4 °C low temperature for 12 h. The above indicators were also detected. The results showed that, at room temperature, the protein expression levels of PPARα and UCP1 in liver and brown adipose tissue of WT+KD group were significantly up-regulated, compared with those of WT+ND group. Under low temperature condition, compared with WT+ND, the core temperature and blood glucose of WT+KD group were increased, while mean arterial pressure was decreased; The ketogenic diet up-regulated PPARα protein expression in brown adipose tissue, as well as UCP1 protein expression in liver and brown adipose tissue of WT+KD group. Under low temperature condition, compared to WT+ND group, PPARα^-/-+ND group exhibited decreased core temperature and down-regulated PPARα and UCP1 protein expression levels in liver, skeletal muscle, white and brown adipose tissue. Compared to the PPARα^-/-+ND group, the PPARα^-/-+KD group exhibited decreased core temperature and did not show any difference in the protein expression of UCP1 in liver, skeletal muscle, white and brown adipose tissue. These results suggest that the ketogenic diet promotes UCP1 expression by up-regulating PPARα, thus improving low temperature tolerance of mice. Therefore, short-term ketogenic diet can be used as a potential intervention to improve the low temperature tolerance.
Animals ; Mice ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism* ; PPAR alpha/pharmacology* ; Diet, Ketogenic ; Uncoupling Protein 1/metabolism* ; Blood Glucose/metabolism* ; Temperature ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Liver ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism*