Objective To elucidate the mechanism of inflammation in vascular endothelial cells induced by hypochlorite-modified albumin (HOCl-Alb). Methods HOCl-Alb-induced NADPH oxidase activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was measured by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. Phosphorylation of p47phox and binding of p47phox and p22phox were measured with immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. Membrane translocation of p47phox was measured with immunofluorescence. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA and protein expression in the presence or absence of apocynin, respectively. Results Co-incubation of HUVEC with HOClAlb resulted in the enhancement of NAIDPH oxidase activity in time- and dose-dependent manner.Compared with bovine serum albumin group, exposure of the cells with 200 mg/L HOCl-Alb for 15min resulted in a 6.16-fold increase in NADPH oxidase activity. Phosphorylation and membrane translocation of p47phox and binding of it with p22phox were also induced by HOCl-Alb. ICAM-1expression was up-regulated after exposure to HOCl-Alb and this effect was significantly abolished by apocynin, a specific inhibiter of NADPH oxidase, in dose-dependent manner. Preincubation of the cells with 500 μmol/L apocynin inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 protein induced by HOClAlb by 68.97% (P＜0.01). Conclusion NADPH oxidase plays a central role in HOCl-Albmediated ICAM-1 expression and provides a mechanism for HOCl-Alb-related vascular endothelial inflammation.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of intravenous ibandronale in treating glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Methods One hundred and fifty-three glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis patients were randomly divided into three groups: (1)control group (C group, 49 patients). (2) ibandronate group (1 group, 52 patients): Patients received intraveous injection of ibandronate (2 mg)once three mouths. (3)alfacaleidol group (R group, 52 patients): 0.25 ?g Rocaltrol once a day for six months. Each patient of the three groups received a daily 600 mg calcium supplement for six months. The efficacy was assessed by determining the subsequent change in bone mass density (BMD) of lumbar spine and femoral neck, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP). Results (1) At the end of the trial, there was a significant increase of BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck in I group and R group compared with the C group (P

Objective To study the action of GSK-3βin podocyte transdifferentiation effecundethe high glucose condition . MethodPodocytewere treated in RPMI-1640 medium with differenconcentrationof glucose fo36 h .The expressionof neph-rin ,podocin ,α-Smand Fibronectin were detected by both Western bloand indirecimmunofluorescence analysi.Athe same time ,the change of albumin inflow amounof podocytein differentreatmengroupwadetected by using the Transwell cham-be.The changeof expression amounand activity of GSK-3βin high glucose condition were detected by using the GSK-3 activity assay ki.The phenotypiand functional changeof podocytewere detected aftedisturbing GSK-3βby GSK-3βsiRNin the high glucose group .ResultThe expression levelof nephrin and podocin protein were down-regulated with the increase of the glucose concentration in dose-dependenmanner(P＜0 .05) ,and the expression level of α-Smwaup-regulated with the increase of the glucose concentration in dose-dependenmanner(P＜0 .05);the albumin inflow amounof podocytewaup-regulated with the in-crease of the glucose concentration in dose-dependenmanner(P＜0 .05) .The expression amounof GSK-3βin the high glucose group waincreased(P＜0 .05) .Compared with the control group ,the expression amounof nephrin and podocin aftehigh glucose treatmenin the GSK-3β siRNtreatmengroup waincreased ,while the expression of α-Smwadecreased .Conclusion The high glucose condition could induce the phenotypichange and functional impairmenof mice podocyte;GSK-3βparticipatein the epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation procesof podocyte undethe high glucose condition .

Objective To explore the effect of serum uric acid (SUA) on the clinicopathological manifestation and prognosis of IgA nephropathy(IgAN)patients. Methods A total of 348 patients with renal biopsy-proven IgAN in our hospital were enrolled in this study.The data were retrospectively analyzed to examine the association of SUA level with clinicopathological manifestation and prognosis of IgA nephropathy(IgAN)patients. Results There were no significant differences of 24 hour proteinuria,BUN and Scr between patients of high SUA level with various GFR and those of normal SUA level.While differences of glomerular sclerosis,tubulointerstitial scores and vascular injury between these two groups were significant (P＜0.05).At the end of follow-up,prevalence of GFR decline and ESRD was significantly higher in patients with high SUA as compared to those with normal SUA(40.82%vs 15.70%,64.71% vs 35.00%,respectively,P＜0.05). Conclusions Patients with different SUA levels have similar clinical manifestations,but different pathological findings and prognosis.It is important to pay attention to the follow-up of SUA level in IgAN patients.

ObjectiveTo study the prevalence of chronic kidney disease(CKD) among population with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) in Luohe city.Methods 3072 residents (older than 45 years) with eligible data from Luohe city were randomly selected using a stratified,multistage sampling.All residents were interviewed and given physical examination,tested for sample of uria and blood,and also given special examination about RA.Results The prevalence of RA was 6.90％ in 3072 subjects.The albuminuria was detected in 10.42％ of subjects,hematuria in 8.59％,reduced renal function in 1.82％,Howerer,which was higher in patients with RA,was 14.62％,10.85％ and 4.72％ respectively.Especially the prevalence of albuminuria and reduced renal function in RA patients was significantly higher compared to that in population without RA (14.62％ vs 10.10％,P＜0.05 and 4.72％ vs 1.61％,P＜0.01),but no significant differences in hematuria (10.85％ vs 8.43％,P＞0.05).The prevalence of CKD was 16.93％ in tougher,and RA patients had higher prevalence of CKD than those population without RA (22.17％ vs 16.54％,P＜0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of CKD among population older than 45 years in Luohe city is high,and the patients with RA have special characteristic in epidemiology of CKD.

Objective To investigate into the protective effects of rosiglitazone on rat kidney fibroblasts(NRK)damaged by high glucose.Methods From Jan.2005 to Sep.2005,the NRK cells were cultured in vitro,and were divided into five groups:normal glucose group(NG,1 000 mg/L D-glucose),high glucose group(HG,4 500 mg/L D-glucose),HG+RGZ(5 ?mol/L),HG+RGZ(10 ?mol/L)and HG+RGZ(15 ?mol/L).The mRNA expressions of T MMP-1、TIMP-1 and Collagen Ⅲ were measured with RT-PCR.Results Compared with NG group,the mRNA expression of MMP-1 decreased markedly in HG group(P

Objective To investigate the effects of rosiglitazone on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in renal interstitial fibroblasts induced by cyclosporine A, and discuss renal protective effect of rosiglitazone on renal toxicity of cyclosporine A. Methods Construction, screening and amplification of the target siRNA vector for PPARγ were carried out.The inhibitory effect of siRNA on the expression of PPARγ in normal rat kidney (NRK) cells was evaluated.NRK cells were cultured in the routine way.Experimental groups: (1)control group:single NRK cells without treatment; (2)RGZ group:NRK cells with RGZ (10 μmol/L); (3)CsA group:NRK cells with CsA (1.0 mg/L); (4)CsA+RGZ group:NRK cells with CsA (1.0 mg/L) plus RGZ (10 μ mol/L); (5)CsA+RGZ+siRNA group:pRNAT-U6.2/Lenti-PPARγ-236 plasmid transfected into NRK cells,then CsA (1.0 mg/L) plus RGZ (10 μmol/L).The mRNA expression of PPARγ was detected by real-time RCR.The mRNA expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were detected by RT-RCR.The protein expression of FN was detected by Western blotting. Results CsA up-regulated the mRNA level of PPARγ,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 (P＜0.05),and the up-regulation was inhibited by RGZ significantly (P＜0.05).The application of PPARγ siRNA resulted in the decreasing of PPARγ mRNA (P＜0.05),and partly reversed the inhibition effect of RGZ on MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA (all P＜0.05).CsA up-regulated the protein level of FN (P＜0.05),and this effect was significantly inhibited by RGZ (P＜0.05).The application of PPARγ siRNA could reverse the inhibition effect of RGZ on FN protein expression (P＜0.05). Conclusion RGZ can inhibit the expressions of FN,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 induced by CsA which may be the mechanism of the protective effect of RGZ on renal interstitial fibrosis induced by CsA.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of rosiglitazone (RSG) on normal rat kidney cells (NRK) damaged by cyclosporine A(CsA). Methods The NRK cells were cultured with CsA or with CsA plus rosiglitazone. The cellular proliferation was determined by MTT colorimetry. The mRNA expression of TGF-?1 and PPAR? was detected by RT-RCR. Protein levels of PPAR?, p-ERK,FN and AT1R were examined by Western blotting. The level of TGF-?1 in the supernatants was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Results CsA inhibited the proliferation of NRK cells in dose and time dependent manner (P

Objective To study the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among adults in Zhengzhou. Methods One thousand eight hundred and fifty five residents (≥ 20 years) from 4 communities in 4 districts of Zhengzhou city were randomly selected by using a stratified,multistage sampling. They were interviewed, and received physical examination and measurements of urine and blood for renal damage as well as risk factors. Results Eligible data of 1752 subjects were included in the study. After the adjustment of age and gender component, albuminuria was found in 5.78% of the subjects, hematuria in 8.19%, and reduced renal function in 1.58%. Male had lower prevalence of albuminuria and hematuria (4.37% vs 7.29%, X2=6.252, P=0.012; 5.08% vs 11.51%, X2=24.499, P＜0.01), but higher prevalence of reduced eGFR(2.26% vs 0.86%, X2=5.830, P=0.016) as compared with female. The prevalence of albuminuria and reduced eGFR increased with age. The crude prevalence of CKD was 14.50%, while the standardized rate was 13.57%. The prevalence of female was higher than that of male (17.83% vs 9.59%, X2=23.132, P＜0.O1), which also increased with age. The most common manifestations of CKD were hematuria and albuminuria. Gender, age, smoking, hypertension,diabetes mellitus, obesity and hyperuricaemia were independently associated with CKD. The awareness rate of CKD was 8.27% and only 7.09% of the subjects received treatment. Conclusions The prevalence of CKD is 13.57% and the recognition is 8.27% in urban adult population of Zhengzhou.lndependent risk factors associated with kidney damage are gender, age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and hyperuricaemia.